Rennes

Rennes-Travel-Guide-Travel-S-Helper

Rennes, located in the core of Brittany in northwestern France, represents the profound heritage of French history and culture. Rennes is situated at the junction of the Ille and Vilaine rivers and functions as the prefecture of the Brittany area and the Ille-et-Vilaine department. In 2017, the urban area of Rennes had a population of 357,327, whilst its metropolitan area had 739,974 persons. The inhabitants of this dynamic city are referred to as Rennais for males and Rennaises for females, illustrating the gendered characteristics of the French language.

The history of Rennes spans over two millennia, originating from a little Gallic hamlet called Condate. This old foundation established the basis for what would evolve into one of the key cities of the medieval Duchy of Brittany, alongside Vannes and Nantes. The city’s importance progressively increased over the years, transitioning from its Celtic origins through Roman impact and into the medieval era, where it began to establish itself as a hub of Breton authority and culture.

The early 16th century signified a pivotal moment for Rennes, as it evolved into a legislative, administrative, and military city within the Kingdom of France, while preserving its Breton character. The dual function of Rennes as a Breton fortress and a French administrative hub is highlighted by the 17th-century building of the Parliament’s Palace, a magnificent structure that remains a symbol of the city’s historical significance. The city’s location at the intersection between Breton autonomy and French centralization would persist in influencing its history and identity for decades.

The history of Rennes is marked by instances of upheaval and defiance. In 1675, the city was instrumental in the Stamped Paper Revolt, sometimes referred to as the Revolt of the papier timbré. This insurrection against the newly instituted tax measures by the French monarchy exemplified the staunch independence that has always defined the Breton ethos. The revolt, however finally quelled, left a lasting imprint on the city’s character and its connection with the wider French state.

In 1720, a catastrophic fire ravaged Rennes, obliterating a significant portion of its medieval timber structures. This disaster also offered a chance for rejuvenation. Following the fire, substantial areas of the city center were reconstructed with stone, leading to a more resilient and fire-resistant urban environment. This restoration initiative transformed the physical landscape of Rennes and epitomized the strength and flexibility of its inhabitants in confronting adversity.

Throughout much of its history, Rennes largely retained a rural character, with urban development advancing at a deliberate pace. The city started fast expansion and modernization only in the aftermath of the Second World War. The post-war era witnessed a significant transition in Rennes, propelled by rural exodus and the rise of modern industry, especially in the automotive field. The transition from a predominantly agricultural economy to an industrial and subsequently post-industrial one would significantly transform the structure of Rennes society.

The 1950s initiated a significant era of urban development for Rennes. City planners and authorities, seeing the necessity to support a burgeoning population, commenced significant construction projects aimed at developing housing and infrastructure for over 200,000 residents. This progressive strategy for urban development will be essential in regulating the city’s growth and preserving its livability amid swift expansion.

Throughout the 20th century, Rennes saw continuous evolution, adopting new technology and industries. During the 1980s, the city became a prominent hub for telecommunications and high-tech sectors in France. This technical emphasis has endured and grown, with Rennes today acknowledged as a prominent center for digital innovation. The city’s dedication to technical progress is shown by its metro system, launched in 2002, which rendered Rennes the smallest city globally to include a metro line at that time.

Notwithstanding its modernity, Rennes has retained its ancient origins. The city has diligently preserved its medieval and classical legacy, especially in its historic core. More than 90 structures in Rennes are designated as historic monuments, forming an intriguing amalgamation of the ancient and contemporary that characterizes the city’s urban environment. This dedication to preservation in conjunction with growth has enabled Rennes to retain its own identity and achieve recognition as a city of art and history.

Education has significantly influenced the development of contemporary Rennes. The city has emerged as a prominent hub of higher education, with a varied and dynamic student demographic. In 2016, Rennes accommodated about 66,000 students, ranking it as the eighth-largest university campus in France. The arrival of young, educated persons has greatly enhanced the city’s cultural vibrancy and economic prosperity.

Rennes’ allure beyond its historical and educational attributes. The city has been acknowledged for its outstanding quality of life, receiving the designation of “the most liveable city in France” by L’Express magazine in 2018. This distinction reflects the achievement of Rennes’ urban planning efforts, cultural amenities, and its capacity to harmonize expansion with sustainability and livability.

Euro (€) (EUR)

Currency

2nd century BC

Founded

+33 2

Calling code

225,081

Population

50.39 km² (19.46 sq mi)

Area

French

Official language

20–74 m (66–243 ft)

Elevation

CET (UTC+1) / CEST (UTC+2)

Time zone

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