Top 10 Must-See Places in France
France is recognized for its significant cultural heritage, exceptional cuisine, and attractive landscapes, making it the most visited country in the world. From seeing old…
Atop Abruzzo’s Gran Sasso massif lies Campo Imperatore, an 80 km² high-altitude plateau often called “Little Tibet”. In this remote alpine pasture, small herds of semi‑wild horses graze alongside flocks of sheep and cattle. Under broad skies and snow‑capped peaks, the scene embodies Abruzzo’s legacy of pastoral life. The horses – descendants of local stock – roam freely across the alpine meadows, evoking both ancient tradition and the region’s rich biodiversity. Gran Sasso National Park, which contains Campo Imperatore, is itself a nature preserve of 2,014 km² and harbors rare fauna (Abruzzo chamois, Marsican bear, Apennine wolves and golden eagles, among many others). In sum, Abruzzo’s wild horses are cherished symbols of its “green heart”, drawing photographers and nature lovers to one of Italy’s most untamed landscapes.
Table of Contents
The Campo Imperatore plateau is by far the most famous Abruzzo site to spot wild horses. Visitors typically see them from the paved road that crosses the plateau (turn off SS17bis at Fonte Cerreto). Best viewing areas include the flat grassy meadows around the summit observatory and Rifugio Duca degli Abruzzi, and along the ridge overlooking the Fossa di Paganica canyon. Park photos often show horses near Castel del Monte’s approach or grazing just above alpine lakes. Official park imagery confirms horses running against the backdrop of the Fossa di Paganica. From late spring to autumn, many herds (often dozens of horses) are seen grazing the open fields. In summer, alpine pastures bloom with wildflowers beneath the horses, while in shoulder seasons the herds congregate near lower edges of the plateau where green grass still grows.
Outside Gran Sasso, Abruzzo’s other parks have no large wild horse populations comparable to Campo Imperatore. Sirente-Velino and Majella National Parks are rich in wildlife (bears, wolves, deer, chamois, etc.), but feral horse sightings there are rare or anecdotal. (Some equestrian tours and local breeders offer trail rides in these areas, but free-roaming herds are not a known feature.) The most reliable wild-horse experience remains Gran Sasso.
For precise navigation, the approximate center of Campo Imperatore is about 42.44° N, 13.59° E. Key vantage GPS: – Near Rifugio Duca (beyond the cable car top station): ~42.44 N, 13.57 E.
– Castel del Monte foothills (west side): ~42.47 N, 13.45 E.
Local map apps and park guidebooks can help. The Gran Sasso park’s online cartographic portal (SIT) and tourist maps mark the main roads and trails. Driving north from the cable-car drop-off, or hiking from Santo Stefano to the observatory, both traverse horse country. (A static map image with GPS pins can further guide enthusiasts.)
These horses are not a separate Equus ferus subspecies, but feral descendants of domestic stock. Prehistoric Italy once hosted tarpan-type wild horses, but none survive here today. The genetics of Italy’s horses trace back to those extinct wild lineages. In modern times, local farmers’ and shepherds’ animals gradually became free-ranging when left to graze the high pastures. Thus Abruzzo’s herds are truly feral – unmanaged domestic horses that live wild. A recent wildlife study notes Italian horses likely descend from the extinct tarpan (Equus ferus ferus) and domestic breeding, meaning there are no currently wild-borne DNA lines in these herds.
On Campo Imperatore, horses are best described as semi‑wild: they reproduce and roam freely, yet are loosely tended by nearby shepherds. Park and local accounts use the Italian term “cavalli semi‑selvatici” (semi‑wild horses) for them. Seasonally, shepherds bring cattle, sheep and horses up to graze – the animals wander by day and often return to stockades or familiar flocks at night. Over generations this practice has produced hardy feral herds. Visitor guides note “semi‑wild horses” grazing the slopes from spring through autumn. In effect, the horses’ behavior and genetics blend domestic ancestry with wild roaming, so they are treated as feral wildlife in the park environment.
Wild horses on Campo Imperatore follow the mountain grazing cycle. They descend from the plateau in winter when deep snow covers the high meadows, so peak sightings are spring through early fall. Observers report hundreds of horses from late April into November. During these months the plateau’s grasses are rich and free of ice. Spring (May–June) brings new foals among the herds, summer days showcase them against wildflower fields, and early autumn (Sept–Oct) still hosts active grazing. In the cold winter months, horses often migrate to lower pastures in nearby valleys; Campo Imperatore instead becomes a ski terrain, and horse viewing is sparse. In summary: plan visits from late spring to mid-autumn for the best odds of encountering free‑running horses on snow-free pastures.
Horses graze at all times but may exhibit preferences like many prey animals. One study of feral horses in Italy found that during hot summer days the herds often rest in shaded spots, with activity shifting to cooler hours. By analogy, early morning and late afternoon are often recommended for horse-watching on Campo Imperatore. In dawn light, horses emerge to feed and are more active; in the evening they again move between pasture and water as temperatures drop. Midday sun is intense at high altitude, so sightings then may find horses stationary under rocky ledges or shelters. Photographers and guides often target early or late day for grazing behavior and softer light. (Regardless of hour, good visibility and patience can yield sightings; listen for hoofbeats or look where alpine grass is trampled.)
Campo Imperatore is accessible by car from multiple directions. From Rome, follow A24 (Autostrada dei Parchi) east toward L’Aquila, exiting at Assergi. Then drive north on SS17bis through the Campo di Giove pass to reach Fonte Cerreto and continue up to the plateau. From Pescara (Adriatic coast), take A25 toward Rome, exit at Castiglione a Casauria, then SS5/SS17 to Colledara and Fontari, joining SS652 and SS5bis north. The final approach is via Strada Maestra del Gran Sasso (signed). All these roads offer scenic mountain driving; note that winter snow may require winter tires. Ample parking exists at Campo Imperatore’s refuges and near the cable-car station. One popular route is via the historic Rocca Calascio/Castel del Monte road (the “Campo Rigopiano” pass): this involves a longer drive but gives an opportunity to catch glimpses of horses grazing along the roadside or in clearings. In summer the plateau road is usually open and well‑maintained.
A fast way to reach Campo Imperatore is the Funivia del Gran Sasso cable car. It departs from the Fonte Cerreto station (1,300 m, at end of Strada Maestra) and ascends to 2,111 m on Campo Imperatore. The funivia typically runs in warmer months (often late spring through early fall) with frequent intervals. For 2025, official park news confirms a summer reopening schedule: the first ascent is at 7:30, then every 30 minutes, with the last descent from the top at 18:00. (Note a midday break around 13:30.) The cable car brings visitors directly into the high horse-country without a strenuous hike. Even when the funivia is closed or under maintenance, a regular shuttle bus runs from Fonte Cerreto to Campo Imperatore (for example, three roundtrips daily in summer: 8:30, 12:30, 16:30 up; return 9:30, 13:30, 17:30).
Public transit options exist but are limited. The nearest major train station is L’Aquila (on the Rome–Sulmona line); from there local buses (TUA) serve the park. Abruzzo’s TUA bus network runs lines from Rome to L’Aquila and Pescara to L’Aquila, continuing onward by regional coach toward Campo Imperatore (often via Fonte Cerreto). For example, the TUA “Roma–L’Aquila–Teramo” or “Roma–Pescara” routes can be boarded in either capital, then local service to the park. The closest airports are Rome-Fiumicino and Rome-Ciampino (~140 km), and Pescara Airport (~80 km). A visitor can fly into Pescara, transfer by bus or train to L’Aquila, and pick up local transit or rental car from there.
Several tour operators offer guided horseback or 4×4 excursions specifically to see Campo Imperatore’s horses. For example, HiddenTrails advertises a multi-day riding trek that promises sightings of hundreds of “semi-wild horses” on the plateau (with sightings possible April–November). Closer to Gran Sasso, ranches like Ranch Brionna (near Castel di Sangro) and Wild West Abruzzo feature day rides through Valle Roveto or nearby pastures with guaranteed encounters. Such tours typically include an experienced guide, equipment, and often transportation. They tend to book up in summer, so early reservation is wise. Guided wildlife walks (on foot) are also available: local naturalist guides and organizations in Gran Sasso NP run seasonal horse‑watching hikes, often requiring advance sign‑up (check park info for scheduled outings). These tours ensure safety distance, share horse lore, and often include photography tips. All guided providers operate with the park’s blessing, and some proceeds support local conservation projects.
It is entirely possible to spot horses without a guide. The main road across Campo Imperatore is vehicle-friendly: driving slowly along it at sunrise or sunset often yields close-up views, as horses graze on or near the roadway. From the cable car upper station, a short walk along any of the high paths toward Colle Vettore or Monte Portella will intersect horse meadows. Well-known hiking routes (e.g. to Punta Penna or via Rifugio Valoni) pass through grazing areas. These trails are well marked on local maps. Hikers should carry binoculars and remain alert for motion; horses are sometimes heard before seen. For those preferring not to hike, simply parking and observing from designated viewpoints works – many horses gather on open slopes visible from popular stopping points. (Always yield to nearby farm traffic and watch for loose dogs.) Regardless of mode, it is wise to carry water, a camera, and good footwear. Camping on the plateau is prohibited without permits, so plan day visits or stay in mountain huts/agricturismi.
Visitors must be courteous to wildlife and pastoral heritage. Do not feed or attempt to touch the horses, as this disrupts their natural diet and can encourage dangerous behavior. Keep a respectful distance – the animals may appear tame, but they can kick if startled. Park regulations expressly warn that disturbing wildlife or trampling the pasture causes harm. Always move slowly, speak softly, and avoid running toward them. If foals (young horses) are present, extra caution is needed – mothers can become protective. Stay on designated paths and viewing areas to avoid trampling fragile high-altitude flora. Bring out any trash you carry in, as litter not only mar the landscape but can endanger animals. In short: observe quietly from afar, and treat the horses as wild animals in a protected area.
Aerial drone use over the park is restricted. The Gran Sasso authorities require a permit for any drone flights. If filming or photography is your goal, stick to hand-held cameras and telephoto lenses. On the ground, there are no fees to roam Campo Imperatore (outside skiing bounds), but obtaining permission for any commercial filming is advised. Ethically, avoid startling the horses with sudden flashes or loud clicks. Long telephoto lenses and gentle panning are recommended to capture natural behavior. For personal photography, many people use images from Creative Commons sources (e.g. Wikimedia Commons) to illustrate Abruzzo’s horses. If publishing images, credit the source and ensure the photo doesn’t show people or private property without consent. (For any photo project, also consider reaching out to the park for guidelines on seasonal closures or herd sensitivity, though no strict photo permit is generally needed for tourists.)
While Abruzzo’s horses are generally not aggressive toward humans, remember they are large animals in open terrain. Never approach a horse from behind or make sudden noises. Let them notice you from a distance and turn around if a horse seems curious or agitated. Avoid standing between a mare and foal. In practice, use binoculars or zoom lenses rather than closing the gap. Inform children to be calm and controlled. In the unlikely event a herd is blocking the path, give them right of way: walk slowly around the group if possible, or wait patiently for them to move on. If riding on horseback yourself, only do so through established equestrian tours with trained mounts. The horses you see are the result of grazing, not meant for impromptu rides by the public. Lastly, horses (like all mountain herbivores) can react unpredictably if wounded or trapped, so stay well clear if you spot a carcass or evidence of poaching; instead report it to park rangers.
Campo Imperatore is high alpine terrain, so come prepared. Even summer days can be very cold (especially in shade) and thunderstorms can roll in quickly. Always carry layered clothing, sun protection, and rain gear. The thin air at 2,000 m may tire you more than at sea level, so hydrate often. Trails can be rocky and uneven; proper hiking boots are recommended if you plan to walk. In winter or early spring, roads and paths may have snow or ice – check conditions before traveling. There are emergency phones and mountain rescue (call 118) available as noted by park signage, but cell coverage is spotty above treeline. Keep basic first-aid items, a whistle, and a headlamp in your pack. Remember also to check local weather forecasts: Campo Imperatore’s weather is notoriously unpredictable (snow and high winds can suddenly visit, even in summer). By preparing for cold, sun and storms alike, you can safely enjoy horse-watching in all seasons.
Abruzzo’s feral horses are varied in coat color – bays, chestnuts, grays and occasional piebalds. They stand roughly 1.4–1.6 m at the shoulder, with sturdy legs and strong hoofs adapted to rocky ground. Without halters or brands, individual herds lack uniform markings; they may be leaner than pasture horses, with sometimes shaggy winter coats. Foals (born May–July) have slim legs and often curious bold stripes or spots that fade as they age. When viewing, note that horses typically congregate in open meadows; look for moving dark shapes against grass. If on foot, approach slowly and note the breeze direction—horses have keen smell. In the field, you’ll often see them grazing with heads down or lying in sunlit patches; alerted, they raise their necks and flatten ears. Besides sight, listen for their hooves clopping on rock or occasional whinnies. At dusk, you may even catch the soft sound of grazing. Photographers should focus on eye and muzzle detail: a subtle white star on the forehead or stripe on the nose is common.
While horse-spotting, you may glimpse other Abruzzo icons. Keep an eye out for the Abruzzo chamois (camoscio), a goat-like animal on steep crags or near boulder fields. These small antelopes (endemic form) are agile and often huddle on talus slopes. At dawn or dusk the golden eagle may circle overhead; scan the sky or rocky promontories. Below treeline, red deer and wild boar roam the forests around Campo Imperatore’s edges, though they stay hidden; listening for barking deer or boar grunts is more likely than direct sighting. Brown wolves and Marsican bears inhabit Abruzzo’s mountains too, but these avoid open daylight; don’t be alarmed if you hear distant howls – sightings are extremely rare. Birdwatchers should note the peregrine falcon and white-backed woodpecker mentioned in park accounts. On the botanical side, Campo Imperatore hosts alpine meadows full of wildflowers (including rare Abruzzo edelweiss on rocky outcrops). By visiting the horses, you’re also immersed in one of Europe’s most biodiverse habitats.
The wild horses are not formally managed by one agency; rather they are part of the traditional mountain landscape. Gran Sasso Park authorities recognize these animals as cultural heritage rather than a protected species. Grazing rights are often held by local shepherds who still run cattle and sheep in summer pastures; the horses effectively belong to the community. In neighboring Abruzzo-Lazio-Molise NP (PNALM), the local government has actively promoted a native heavy draft breed (Cavallo Agricolo Italiano da Tiro Pesante Rapido, CAITPR) for sustainable forestry work. While not the same feral population, this shows Abruzzo’s parks value horses as environmental tools. In practice, Gran Sasso NP intervenes on habitat (e.g. maintaining open meadows) but does not round up or tag the horses. Citizen science and NGOs sometimes assist: researchers monitor herd numbers or fertility; local “Amici del Parco” groups educate visitors.
Horse herds face few predators (wolves seldom attack horses, and bears may avoid them), so human impact is the chief concern. Recent studies elsewhere in Italy show that feral horses can actually prevent overgrowth: in La Calvana (Tuscany), reintroduced horses helped curb forest encroachment. In Abruzzo too, the horses’ grazing maintains the high-pasture ecosystem. However, tourism and infrastructure pose issues: off-road driving or camping can disturb pastures (the park explicitly warns against it), and visitors feeding horses could introduce disease or dependency. Illegal capture has happened in other Italian reserves, so park rangers keep a watch. Climate change also looms: warming could shift vegetation zones. On the positive side, many see the horses as a rezzo viva – a living resource – for sustainable tourism and education. Funding from regional authorities often supports gentle landscape maintenance (e.g. clearing shrubs), which indirectly benefits the horses by keeping their grazing fields open.
For still photography, a telephoto lens (200–400 mm or more) is essential to shoot relaxed horses at a distance without disturbance. Fast shutter speeds (1/1000 s or higher) freeze motion when horses gallop. In bright high-altitude sun, combine a narrow aperture (f/5.6–f/8) for depth of field with high ISO if needed. Early morning and late afternoon light yield the best colors; mid‑day light is harsh. A polarizing filter can make the sky bluer and reduce glare on coats. Compositionally, include the scenic context: frame horses against the massif or clouds to show scale. Remember the “rule of thirds”: place a horse’s eye or body at a focal point of the frame. For video, steady the camera on a tripod or gimbal. Use slow tracking shots as horses trot, and cut quickly to close-ups of hooves or nostrils for dynamism. If filming, always keep people’s voices and noises minimal so the horses remain undisturbed.
No special photography permit is needed for tourists in Gran Sasso NP, but professional projects may require park authorization. Most tourists use personal cameras or drones for hobby shots – remember drones require park approval. Always follow ethical wildlife photography guidelines: move slowly and avoid flashes or quick movements that could startle the animals. Respect posted signs (e.g. “no filming” zones) and bystanders’ privacy. For any images you publish, credit the Abruzzo parks when appropriate. Note also that many horses in these herds are technically owned (by communities or families), so avoid advertising images of horses for sale without context. In short: be minimally invasive. Stock imagery of Campo Imperatore’s horses is available (e.g. Wikimedia Commons, Dreamstime) if you need reference photos – and these sources explicitly note the horses graze wild as part of Gran Sasso’s alpine pastures.
Campo Imperatore itself has no hotels (only refuge huts like Duca degli Abruzzi at 2,000 m). Ideal bases are the small towns around Gran Sasso: Castel del Monte (1,400 m) lies just south of Campo Imperatore, with a few B&Bs and restaurants; it’s known for local ceramics and cheese. Santo Stefano di Sessanio and nearby Calascio (lower slopes) are medieval villages with boutique guesthouses. Farindola and Rocca Calascio (west side) offer agriturismi and easy access from Pescara. For the Gran Sasso/L’Aquila side, the city of L’Aquila (710 m) has full services, but is ~1 h drive to Campo Imperatore. Closer mountain villages like Fonte Cerreto (cable car base) have mid-range hotels. In high season book well in advance – accommodation is scarce above 1,000 m. For a rustic experience, some mountain lodges or refuges on the plateau allow overnight stays (book via Gran Sasso refuge network). Family-friendly farms (agriturismi) in the Valle Roveto or Valle Peligna often combine home‑cooking with trekking gear rental. When choosing lodging, check if breakfast is included and inquire about early pickup times; morning starts (5–6 AM) maximize horse-spotting chances before horses seek shade.
Abruzzo’s wild horse viewing is suitable for all ages, as many sightings occur roadside or at gentle viewpoints. Families often rent a car or join a jeep tour to easily reach the open fields. Some companies (e.g. Ranch Brionna) offer pony rides for children and short, flat trails with quad vehicles alongside horses. Wheelchair access is challenging once on Campo Imperatore itself (the roads are gravelly); however, the plateau road is level enough to allow a viewing stop by car. For visitors with limited mobility, watching horses from the cable car upper station or carpark is possible (the road to the station is tarmacked and the plateau there is flat). Small children should be kept close, especially away from other livestock. For an inclusive option, check Joelette mountain-chair guided walks in the park (details on the Gran Sasso website) – these adaptive outings sometimes reach lower-altitude meadows. In any case, simple hikes like from Fonte Cerreto to the cable-car station are gentle options that yield horse sightings without steep trails.
Abruzzo is renowned for horse culture. Ranch Brionna (near Castel del Monte) is a popular riding center offering half‑day to multi-day treks into wild pastures, often alongside loose horses. Wild West Abruzzo organizes Western-style trail rides in the Alto Sangro. HiddenTrails and local agriturismi arrange guided valley rides (Alto Molise, Maiella foothills) where feral horses may appear. These outfits ensure horses are well-cared for and guides are licensed. When choosing a ride, look for operators that emphasize safety (helmet gear, correct horse–rider matching) and ecology (no off-trail galloping). Prices range from ~€50 for a 1–2h ride to several hundred for a week-long pack trip. Typically they include English-speaking guides, snacks or meals, and sometimes overnight stays in rural farms. Reviews highlight that children as young as 5 have successfully joined family rides, but confirm age/weight limits beforehand. (For independent travelers, many barns also offer riding lessons and short pony walks.)
The Campo Imperatore plateau in Gran Sasso NP is the primary spot. Park officials note herds roaming freely there. Other visitors report occasional horses near Castel del Monte and along the upper Valle Roveto. No other Abruzzo park has comparable feral horses.
They are feral – descended from domestic stock, not a native wild subspecies. Genetic research confirms Italy’s horses stem from extinct wild (tarpan) lines through domestication. Locally they are called semi-selvatici (semi-wild) because shepherds still graze domestic horses on the plateau.
Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga NP is the only one with free-ranging horses in notable numbers. The Abruzzo-Lazio-Molise NP values horses culturally (see CAITPR breed use), but doesn’t contain feral herds per se. Majella and Sirente-Velino parks have no documented feral horses.
Campo Imperatore is a high alpine meadow (1,500–1,900 m) in Gran Sasso NP, known as Italy’s “Little Tibet”. Its vast open grasslands and low human presence make it ideal habitat for free-roaming herds. The plateau’s cinematic scenery (it’s been a film set) and the horses’ dramatic silhouettes have made it legendary among photographers and nature travelers.
The herds are most abundant and visible spring through early fall (April–October). Early morning and late afternoon are particularly good, as horses graze during cooler hours. In high summer, midday heat drives them to shade, so dawn/dusk offer more activity. Avoid mid-winter when the plateau is snow-covered and horses descend to lower valleys.
There’s no official census, but estimates suggest several dozen to a few hundred individuals across Campo Imperatore. In May–September hundreds can sometimes be seen grazing simultaneously on the plateau, though counts fluctuate with seasons and surveys are informal.
They are not legally “protected species” under wildlife law, since they originate from domestic stock. However, Italy’s animal welfare laws do apply. Park rules restrict interference: feeding or harassing them is discouraged to prevent dependency and disease. Essentially, they are unofficial park inhabitants: tolerated and culturally valued, but not regulated like native deer or bear.
No. Visitors should never feed or attempt to touch the horses – this upsets their natural diet and can be dangerous. Approach from a distance only. Riding the wild horses is not permitted (they are not trained). If you wish to ride, book with a licensed equestrian tour operator instead. Foot visits on marked trails or roads are fine, but always yield to the horses’ right of way and give them space.
Yes. Guided horse-watching tours and horseback rides are offered by local outfitters. For example, HiddenTrails runs popular rides highlighting hundreds of “semi-wild” horses on Campo Imperatore. Ranch Brionna and others near Castel di Sangro also lead guided treks into horse territory. These tours generally include transport, guide fees and sometimes horseback treks (with trained horses for visitors). Booking ahead is recommended, especially in summer.
No special vehicle is needed beyond a normal car. The plateau road is paved/gravel and usually passable by any car. Many people simply drive slowly across Campo Imperatore and stop where horses appear. Hiking is another option: trails from the cable-car summit or from Castel del Monte crest high meadows where horses graze. A 4×4 is not required; even standard rental cars make it to the plateau parking areas. Off-road driving is discouraged, and the park forbids wild camping outside designated spots.
Prime viewing is along the main plateau road and the slopes above Rifugio Duca degli Abruzzi. From the funivia station (2,100 m) walk a short distance west or east to see grazing herds. On the west side, the meadows around Castel del Monte’s base often have horses. Exact GPS points aren’t published by authorities, but many online maps (OpenStreetMap, Google Maps) show Campo Imperatore’s pasture areas. For example, set your map to 42.44°N, 13.59°E (rough center of Campo) to explore the plateau vicinity. Official park maps (gran sasso NP SIT portal) and local hiking guides provide trailheads and altitude info if precise navigation is needed.
Follow standard wildlife etiquette: stay quiet and at least 20–30 meters away from the horses. Do not chase or circle them on foot. Park guidelines state that disturbing wildlife or tramping its pasture (by unlicensed camping or off-trail hiking) causes harm. Thus, stay on designated paths, keep noise low, and always clean up waste. Feeding horses is expressly discouraged. Use binoculars or telephoto lenses to observe rather than physically approaching. In other words: observe peacefully, do not alter horse behavior, and respect both the animals and the environment.
Yes. Bring a telephoto lens to shoot from a distance without spooking the herd. Use a fast shutter speed (≥1/1000 s) to freeze motion if they trot or gallop. Early morning or late evening light will give you dramatic colors; avoid harsh midday shadows. Compose with the landscape: capture horses grazing with Corno Grande or vast sky behind them for context. A monopod can stabilize heavy zooms. Drone photography, if legal, can offer bird’s-eye views – but remember drones require prior park authorization. Overall, be patient: some of the best shots happen when the horses slowly graze or interact calmly, rather than bolting in surprise.
Generally, these horses will avoid people. However, like any horse, they can kick or bite if threatened. Never stand directly behind a horse or between a mare and her foal. Do not try to pet or feed them. If one approaches you, back away slowly. Always watch for sudden movements. For hikers, let the herd move past and give them a wide berth. Also, alpine hazards apply: watch for loose ground, and carry a whistle or phone in case of emergency. In short, treat them as you would any unfamiliar livestock – respect their space and move calmly.
By car: Follow SS17bis from L’Aquila toward Campo Imperatore (via Arischia/Fonte Cerreto) or from Pescara/Chieti via A25 to Castiglione a Casauria. The plateau road (SS17bis) leads directly onto Campo Imperatore. By cable car: The Gran Sasso funivia runs from Fonte Cerreto to Campo Imperatore (2,111 m). Check the official schedule (see How to Get There above). By bus: Regional buses (TUA) link L’Aquila and Pescara to Gran Sasso (change at Fonte Cerreto or Assergi). The park’s info pages list bus lines (e.g. Rome–L’Aquila–Teramo). During summer, a shuttle bus also connects Fonte Cerreto to the plateau (three daily roundtrips).
Yes – it often operates May–October and greatly eases access. The funivia arrives on Campo Imperatore at nearly 2,111 m, right in prime horse territory. From the upper station you are already among the grazing fields. (In 2025 it was confirmed running with morning to evening service.) When the cable car is closed or for cheaper travel, the shuttle bus mentioned above is a good alternative. Either way, using the funivia means you skip the steep climb to the plateau’s summits and get more time to observe the herds.
Hiking: Yes, ideally. Many trails intersect horse pastures. For instance, the trail to Punta Penna (southwest of Campo) and paths around Monte Aquila offer panoramic horse views. Plan hikes during horse season (May–Oct) and you’ll often encounter them along the trail edges. Skiing: Campo Imperatore doubles as a ski area in winter. Horses do not remain on the snowy upper slopes in winter; they descend to valley pastures. So ski trips (Dec–Mar) generally do not include horse sightings on the slopes. However, low-altitude Valle Roveto (west side) or woodlands around Rocca Calascio may still find freeranging horses or their tracks even in winter snow. Overall, best combine hiking with horse-watching in spring–fall; in winter focus on skiing and appreciate the mountain landscapes (horses simply migrate).
Several villages lie within a short drive of Campo Imperatore. Castel del Monte (west of Campo) has small B&Bs and an agriturismo – it’s closer to the plateau and popular among horse lovers. Santo Stefano di Sessanio and Calascio (famous medieval hamlets) also have guesthouses and country inns. These spots let you start very early before typical tourists arrive. On the L’Aquila side, Fonte Cerreto (cable car base) has ski hotels used in summer by hikers. For rustic mountain lodging, the Rifugio Duca (Campo’s top station) offers dorm beds (book in advance). Don’t overlook farm stays: many agriturismi in the adjacent valleys (Valle Roveto, Valle Peligna) welcome guests interested in horseback or wildlife activities. They often include local meals of Pecorino, honey, and home-grown wines – perfect for fueling all-day outings.
Yes. The Gran Sasso Riding Trail (Ippovia) is a 470 km network of bridle paths, served by dozens of local riding centers. Operators like Ranch Brionna and Agriturismo Capovallone provide guided rides of various lengths, both within Gran Sasso and in nearby Majella. These centers typically have trained horses for all skill levels. Each year the Park publishes certified guides of equestrian facilities. When contacting them, ask about “horse safaris” – many advertise excursions “tra i cavalli selvatici” (among the wild horses) to Campo Imperatore. Riding lessons and pony rides for children are common; group and family packages are often available, especially in summer.
Fielding both red and roe deer, wolves (in forested areas), foxes, and wild boars are normal in the park. Higher up, look for the Abruzzo chamois on rocky slopes. Bird species include golden eagle, buzzards, and unique woodpeckers. As for flora, the high pastures bloom with meadowsweet, gentians and the rare Abruzzo Edelweiss in summer. In forests below, find beech and fir groves. The mix of open pasture and woodland means you might even spot a grazing cow or goatherd along with the wild fauna. Bring a guidebook or use apps like iNaturalist to identify species – you’ll be surprised how many plants and animals share the horses’ habitat.
Use Creative Commons (CC BY/CC0) images or your own photos. Wikimedia Commons has free images of Abruzzo horses (which show grazing scenes) that can be legally reused (these usually credit the photographer in metadata). Do not copy images from Google without checking the license. If you visit and take photos yourself, be sure your shots don’t include identifiable people without release. For any commercial use, it’s best to get a written permit from the park authority. Many travel sites caption images as “horses running on Campo Imperatore” – feel free to credit Abruzzo National Park and the photographer (who is often the source of CC images). In short: use royalty-free images (with attribution), or shoot your own with respect to privacy and park rules.
Threats are mostly indirect. Encroachment by forests and shrubs can reduce grazing land; interestingly, some studies suggest the horses help prevent forest takeover by eating young saplings. Climate change (hotter, drier summers) could stress the alpine grasslands over time. Human impacts include off-path visitors and abandoned gear (which trample pasture). In the past, horses in a Tuscan reserve were illegally removed by unknown people; while not reported here, it highlights poaching risk. On the positive side, the horses themselves are now seen as a natural asset, and local authorities generally avoid culling them. Most conservation work focuses on maintaining open pasture and monitoring wildlife (e.g. the Amarillo and Fatebenefratelli projects do flora and fauna surveys). In sum, keeping the mountain ecosystem healthy – through sustainable tourism, fire prevention, and shepherding practices – indirectly benefits the horses and their meadow home.
There is no single manager. Gran Sasso NP oversees habitat preservation (they pay for meadow mowing and erosion control), but the horses are effectively communally owned. Many belong to local shepherd families who include them in summer grazing contracts. NGOs and university researchers sometimes study the herds. For example, Associazione Italiana del Cavallo di Razza (AICR) and other breeders’ organizations promote traditional breeds and sustainable land use. Volunteer groups do occasional censuses. Park rangers will intervene if a horse is sick or injured, coordinating with vets, but otherwise the herds roam freely without fences. So, the horses are “managed” by custom and cooperation rather than formal regulation – one reason the park stresses responsible tourism so that people do not inadvertently harm what the locals maintain.
No special permit is needed to visit Campo Imperatore or Gran Sasso NP. Entrance is free (like all Italian national parks). However, some high alpine zones may have seasonal closures (check the park website if planning backcountry camping). The cable car is ticketed (about €25 round-trip); parking at base is free. 4×4 vehicles and drones do require permits from park authorities. Always respect official signs: for example, “no camping off-grid” is enforced (with fines) to protect meadows. In summary: hikers and drivers can go up anytime in season without a pass, but gear like drones or off-road campers needs permission.
Yes. A notable example is the annual Festa del Cavallo in Scanno, organized by the “Cavalieri d’Abruzzo” association. This event (late July) features group horseback excursions through scenic highland trails and Valle del Sagittario. Participants of all ages ride together, celebrating Abruzzo’s pastoral culture. Other towns hold horse events: for instance, Sulmona hosts a medieval jousting festival (centuries-old custom) where riders gallop with lances. Even outside formal events, small villages with equestrian traditions often showcase colorful horseback processions on saint’s days. These gatherings underscore how deeply horses are woven into local identity. Visitors in season may coincide with an agriturismo’s san Pietro feast or Palio celebrations involving riders – ask at tourism offices for “festa cavallo” dates.
Yes. Since many viewing spots are roadside or short walks, people of all ages can enjoy them. Children are often thrilled by seeing horses up close; farms nearby sometimes allow pony petting (at visitor centers or stables). Many operators cater to families – for example, quad-bike tours often carry kids safely in a sidecar. Senior visitors can drive to high viewpoints (e.g. the cable car summit) and watch from the vehicle. That said, carrying a stroller or wheelchair on rocky trails is not feasible. For accessibility, some horse sites near Campo Imperatore have gravel parking with gentle slopes to grass areas. In short: young and old alike can get memorable views, but those with mobility limits should stick to parking-lot overlooks or arrange for Joelette chair assistance on a guided walk.
Campo Imperatore’s paved road and upper cable station area are roughly flat, but beyond that, terrain is uneven. The cable car itself is wheelchair-accessible to 2,100 m elevation. From there, getting off pavement into the meadows is tricky with a wheelchair. Some ranches have adapted off-road vehicles for less-mobile riders (Joelette support chairs) so that they can be taken on level pastureland. In general, most viewing requires leaving the car (to approach the horses), so strict wheelchair access is limited. Families with strollers may manage short, level boardwalks or paths by the restaurant near the cable station. The park advocates contacting their Joelette program coordinators for guided tours that include those with disabilities. Always check in advance: not all trails can accommodate wheels, but most horses can easily be seen just off the main parking areas.
While there is no live “horse-sighting map,” several resources help visitors plan: the official Gran Sasso NP website has downloadable trail maps and schedules (including the funivia timetable). The park’s SIT cartographic portal provides detailed topographic maps. Popular hiking apps (Outdooractive, GaiaGPS, Komoot) have user-uploaded tracks of Campo Imperatore routes – filtering for “Campo Imperatore” often reveals recent user notes about horse encounters. Park-managed Facebook pages and local tourism sites sometimes post photos of horse sightings in real time. For emergency or ranger contact, park headquarters in Assergi can be reached at +39 0862 60521. Local tourism offices in L’Aquila, Castel del Monte, or the cable car base have on-the-ground staff who track current conditions and can advise which slopes have recent horse activity.
Not without approval. The Gran Sasso and Abruzzo parks require an authorization to fly drones, even for amateur use. In practice, recreation drones are effectively banned unless you apply well in advance for a special permit. Park policy is strict to avoid disturbing wildlife (and hikers). Our advice: do not fly drones over the horse herds. Use a ground-based camera instead. (If aerial imagery is essential, contact the park directorate for permit procedures; expect paperwork and restrictions on flight times/locations.)
Bring layers of warm clothing (it can be 10–15°C cooler on the plateau than the valley), sturdy hiking boots, sunglasses and sunscreen. A telescope or binoculars greatly enhance distant viewing. A telephoto lens (200–400 mm) is recommended for photography. Pack snacks and water for a full day outdoors (few services exist up high). Even in summer, carry a windproof or light rain jacket. No special permits are needed for casual hikers, but bring your ID/health insurance card. For longer backcountry hikes, also pack navigation tools (map/compass or GPS unit) and emergency supplies. Lastly, if you plan to camp or ride, double-check all regulations (wild camping is mostly prohibited, and horseback riding must be with an approved guide unless on public roads).
Yes. Gran Sasso Park has a mountain rescue protocol. The primary emergency number in Italy is 112 (Europe-wide) or 118 (mountain medical emergencies). For non-urgent assistance or to report wildlife distress, call the park office at +39 0862 60521. Local Carabinieri and forestale also patrol remote areas. Cell coverage can be spotty on Campo Imperatore, so it’s wise to call emergency services immediately once back in range. Carry a fully charged phone in the mountains and inform someone of your route before going out. Park signage at road junctions often lists these contacts as well.
In winter (December–March), deep snow drives horses down to lower elevations; they will be seldom seen on snow-covered slopes. Spring melt opens up high pastures, and by late April the horses typically return to Campo Imperatore. Summer heat causes the horses to seek the plateau’s breezier high meadows (2,000 m) and shaded glens in the late day. Autumn frosts may send them downslope at night, but they often graze again by daybreak until heavy snows. If a severe storm or blizzard occurs unexpectedly, horses will huddle on windward sides or near rocky shelters – a time when hikers might not safely reach them. Overall, long-term patterns (snow cover, temperature) determine their altitude, while daily weather (sun/shade) governs their grazing schedule.
Herds tend to follow the lush grass. During dry spells, they often concentrate near alpine springs and streams on Campo Imperatore. Notable spots include the pastures by Rocca Calascio and near Lake Aringo (west of Campo), where grass stays green longest. Some riders report seeing horses regularly along the old military road between Fonte Cerreto and Castel del Monte. There is no set “best valley” – rather, they spread across the plateau. To maximize chances, head where shepherd’s flocks are grazing, since horses often mingle with sheep. Dawn often finds them near water sources, so searching at sunrise around small lakes or streams can pay off. Check local guides or talk to shepherds: they know each year’s grazing patterns and can hint at likely fields.
Opportunities are limited but exist. Voluntourism agencies sometimes seek trail maintenance helpers in Gran Sasso NP (improving paths around horse meadows). The park occasionally enlists volunteers for wildlife surveys or meadow restoration (check the official site’s “Volunteers” section). Locally, NGOs like “Amici del Parco” welcome foreign interns for environmental education or horse pasture management. There are also horse rescue associations in Abruzzo (though they focus on owned horses). Your best bet is to contact Gran Sasso Park (ente@gransassolagopark.it) or regional nature groups – during summer months many are eager for English-speaking volunteers in visitor centers or guided programs. Of course, the most immediate way to help is simply to visit responsibly and spread awareness: sustainable tourism dollars and respectful travel are key support.
France is recognized for its significant cultural heritage, exceptional cuisine, and attractive landscapes, making it the most visited country in the world. From seeing old…
In a world full of well-known travel destinations, some incredible sites stay secret and unreachable to most people. For those who are adventurous enough to…
With its romantic canals, amazing architecture, and great historical relevance, Venice, a charming city on the Adriatic Sea, fascinates visitors. The great center of this…
Lisbon is a city on Portugal's coast that skillfully combines modern ideas with old world appeal. Lisbon is a world center for street art although…
Greece is a popular destination for those seeking a more liberated beach vacation, thanks to its abundance of coastal treasures and world-famous historical sites, fascinating…
