Vietnamese National Dishes

Thịt kho trứng (Southern Vietnamese pork and eggs braised in coconut water)

Tender pork belly and whole duck eggs simmered in fish-sauce caramel and coconut water, served with jasmine rice and crisp vegetables.

Vietnamese National Dishes
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Wide table view of a clay pot of thịt kho trứng, with jasmine rice and cucumber arranged beside it.
A family-style Southern Vietnamese pork and egg braise served with rice and cucumber.
Yield 4 servings
Cook time 110 minutes
Passive time 20 minutes
Total time 155 minutes
Calories About 1,050 kcal per serving
Overview

Thịt kho trứng (Southern Vietnamese pork and eggs braised in coconut water)

Thịt kho trứng is a Southern Vietnamese pork-and-egg braise. In the south, pork belly and eggs are slowly cooked with fish sauce and coconut water until the sauce turns a deep caramel color. Families vary the cut, egg choice and seasoning; this home version uses skin-on pork belly and duck eggs, a pairing documented by Vietnam's tourism authority.

The pork is marinated, browned and gently braised before the peeled eggs join the pot. Coconut water gives the sauce a rounded sweetness, while fish sauce keeps it savory. The finished sauce should lightly coat the tender pork and eggs. Serve it with plain jasmine rice and fresh cucumber or crisp pickled vegetables to balance the richness.

Sugar caramel is extremely hot and can bubble or splatter when liquid is added. Warm the coconut-water mixture first, remove the pot from the heat, and add the liquid slowly along its side. Keep your face and hands back.

Practical

Practical

  • Keys to successCut the pork into even 4 cm chunks so they soften at a similar rate. Marinate the pork covered in the refrigerator; do not leave raw pork at room temperature. Watch the sugar constantly and take it to deep amber, not burnt brown. Remove the pot from heat and add warm liquid gradually to control the caramel's bubbling. Keep the braise at a low simmer. Add eggs after the pork is tender so they stay whole while taking on color. Measure the thickest pork piece with a clean thermometer; it must reach at least 63°C and rest for 3 minutes, then continue cooking until fork-tender.
Ingredients

Ingredients

Pork and marinade

  • 600 g skin-on pork belly, cut into 4 cm chunks
  • 45 ml fish sauce, divided (25 ml for the marinade and 20 ml for the braise)
  • 25 g granulated sugar, divided (5 g for the marinade and 20 g for the caramel)
  • 2 g ground black pepper, divided
  • 60 g shallots, peeled and thinly sliced
  • 15 g garlic, peeled and finely chopped

Eggs and braising liquid

  • 4 large duck eggs
  • 600 ml unsweetened coconut water, warmed with the water below
  • 200 ml water, warmed with the coconut water
  • 15 ml neutral vegetable oil
  • 1 red chili, whole or split; optional for a milder dish
  • 20 g scallions, thinly sliced for finishing

To serve

  • 300 g dry jasmine rice
  • 420 ml water for the rice, or follow the rice-cooker instructions
  • 200 g cucumber or crisp pickled vegetables
Method

Method

Method

  1. Rinse and cook the jasmine rice according to the rice-cooker or package directions, using 420 ml water as a starting amount. Keep it covered and warm. Gently boil the duck eggs for about 11 minutes until fully set. Transfer them to ice water, cool, then peel with clean hands.

  2. Pat the pork dry without rinsing it and cut it into 4 cm chunks. Mix it with 25 ml fish sauce, 5 g sugar, 1 g pepper, half the shallots and half the garlic. Cover and refrigerate for 20 minutes.

  3. Warm the coconut water and 200 ml water together until hot but not boiling. In a heavy braising pot, heat the oil over medium-low heat. Add the remaining 20 g sugar and stir constantly until it melts and turns deep amber, about 3–5 minutes.

  4. Remove the pot from the heat. Carefully pour about 100 ml of the warm liquid in a little at a time along the side of the pot; hot caramel may bubble and splatter. Once the bubbling settles, stir to dissolve hardened sugar, then slowly add the remaining liquid.

  5. Return the pot to medium heat. Add the remaining shallots and garlic and stir for 1 minute. Add the pork and its marinade; turn the pieces until lightly browned, about 6–8 minutes. Add the remaining 20 ml fish sauce and 1 g pepper, then bring to a gentle simmer.

  6. Partially cover and braise at a low simmer for 70 minutes, turning the pork occasionally. Keep it mostly submerged; add a little hot water if the liquid falls too low before the pork is tender. Check the thickest piece with a clean thermometer: it must reach at least 63°C and rest for 3 minutes. Continue braising until fork-tender.

  7. Nestle in the peeled eggs and add the chili. Simmer uncovered for 25–30 minutes, turning the eggs once so they color evenly and the sauce reduces to a glossy, savory-sweet glaze. Taste the sauce; do not add unmeasured salt.

  8. Serve hot with jasmine rice and cucumber or crisp pickled vegetables. Refrigerate leftover pork, eggs and rice separately in shallow covered containers within 2 hours at or below 4°C. Use within 3 days and reheat once to 74°C throughout.

Practical

Practical

Practical tips

For a milder dish, leave the chili whole or omit it; splitting it releases more heat. Begin the rice while the pork braises, and keep it covered after cooking. Pork belly varies in fat content. Spoon off excess rendered fat if desired, while leaving enough sauce to coat the pork and rice.

Troubleshooting

The caramel hardens when liquid is added: This can happen as the sugar cools. Return the pot to low heat and stir gently until it dissolves. The sauce is still thin: Simmer uncovered for a few minutes after the eggs have colored, turning the eggs gently. Keep the heat low so the sugar does not scorch. The pork is not tender after 70 minutes: Continue at a gentle simmer and check every 10–15 minutes. Add hot water if needed to keep the pieces partly submerged.

Frequently asked questions

Can I use chicken eggs instead of duck eggs? Yes. Chicken eggs are a suitable alternative; boil them until fully set, peel them, then simmer them in the sauce as directed. Can I replace coconut water with coconut milk? Coconut milk is much richer and changes the sauce's texture. This version uses coconut water for a lighter, savory-sweet braise. What should I serve with thịt kho trứng? Serve it hot with plain jasmine rice and cucumber or crisp pickled vegetables. The fresh, crunchy side balances the rich pork and glossy sauce.

Nutrition per serving (estimate)

Nutrition per serving (estimate)

  • Serving sizeOne quarter of the pork and sauce, one duck egg and one quarter of the cooked rice
  • Calories1,050 kcal
  • Carbohydrate71 g
  • Protein37 g
  • Fat67 g
  • Fibre2 g
  • Sodium1,100 mg
Allergens and food safety

Allergens and food safety

Contains eggs and fish (fish sauce); pork is also present. Check packaged fish sauce, coconut water and rice for declared allergens and cross-contact statements. Keep raw pork separate from cooked rice and ready-to-eat vegetables, and wash hands, boards and utensils after handling it. Do not rinse raw pork in the sink. Marinate it in the refrigerator. Cook pork pieces to at least 63°C in the thickest part and let them rest for 3 minutes; continue braising until tender. Cook eggs until fully set. Take care with hot caramel: remove the pot from heat and add warm liquid slowly along the side because it may bubble and splatter. Refrigerate leftovers in shallow covered containers within 2 hours at or below 4°C. Use within 3 days and reheat once to 74°C throughout.

How to serve

How to serve

Spoon the pork, eggs and glossy sauce over hot jasmine rice. Serve cucumber or crisp pickled vegetables alongside, with sliced scallions on top.