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Durrës

Durrës

Durrës

Durrës is the second most populous city in the Republic of Albania and the county and municipal capital of Durrës. It is situated on a flat plain along the Albanian Adriatic Sea coastline between the mouths of the Erzen and Ishm rivers at the southeast corner of the Adriatic Sea. The climate of Durrës is heavily affected by the seasonal Mediterranean climate.

Ancient Greek immigrants from Corinth and Corcyra established Durrës in the 7th century B.C. under the name Epidamnos, in collaboration with the Taulantii.

Durrës, also known as Dyrrachium, grew substantially as it integrated into the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine Empire. The Via Egnatia, the continuation of the Via Appia, began at the city and continued to Constantinople over the interior of the Balkan Peninsula.

During the Middle Ages, Bulgarian, Venetian, and Ottoman control vied over Durrës. The Ottomans finally triumphed and ruled the city for about 400 years, from 1501 to 1912. Following the Declaration of Independence of Albania, the city briefly served as the capital of the Principality of Albania. In the interwar era, it was conquered by the Kingdom of Italy, and during World War II, it was occupied by Nazi Germany. During Albania’s communist era, the population and economic activity of Durrës grew significantly.

Durrës’ dominant economic position in Albania is supported by its transit links, concentration of economic institutions, and industrial history. It is supplied by one of the major ports on the Adriatic Sea, the Port of Durrës, which links the city to neighboring nations. Its most notable attraction is the Amphitheatre of Durrës, which is on Albania’s tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage Site classification. It was formerly capable of accommodating 20,000 people, making it the biggest amphitheater on the Balkan Peninsula.

Geography

Durrës is situated on Durrës Bay on a flat alluvial plain between the river mouths of Erzen and Ishëm along the Adriatic Sea inside the Mediterranean Sea. The municipality of Durrës comprises the surrounding administrative units of Ishëm, Katund I Ri, Manz, Rrashbull, Sukth, and Durrës as its seat. It is included within the County of Durrës in the Northern Region of Albania. It spans from the mouth of the Ishëm River at Cape Rodon in the north to the Shkëmbi i Kavajës in the south, through the Bay of Lalzi.

Climate

The average annual temperature of 15.9 °C (60.6 °F) places Durrës on the edge of the hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa) zone, according the Koppen climate classification. Its climate is affected by its closeness to the Adriatic Sea and the Western Lowlands in the hinterland. The summers are often hot and dry, the winters are quite moderate, and the autumn and spring seasons are mostly constant in terms of precipitation and temperature. In winter, the average monthly temperature varies from 7.5 °C (45.5 °F) to 23.8 °C (74.8 °F). On August 14, 1957, the greatest temperature of 39 °C (102 °F) was recorded. On January 26, 1954, the lowest temperature of 6.2 °C (20.8 °F) was recorded. The city of Durrës gets more precipitation in the winter than in the summer. The average annual precipitation is between 1,000 and 1,273 millimeters (39 and 48 inches) (50.1 inches).

Demography

With a rising population, Durrës is the second most populated municipality in Albania and one of the most populous on the Adriatic Sea. According to the 2011 census, the population of Durrës was predicted to be 113,249, with 56,511 males and 56,738 females.

Albania is a secular state with no official religion, and the country’s constitution guarantees freedom of belief, conscience, and religion. Therefore, Durrës is religiously varied and has several places of worship for its religious community, which includes Christians, Muslims, and Jews.

During the Ottoman invasion in the early 16th century, Islam was brought to the city. During the four centuries of Ottoman administration, the majority of the people converted to Islam. The two most famous mosques in the city are the Great Mosque of Durrës (constructed in 1931 on the site of an ancient Ottoman mosque) and the Fatih Mosque, which was constructed in 1502 only one year after the city became part of the Ottoman Empire.

Christianity has existed in Durrës and elsewhere throughout Albania since ancient antiquity. According to Christian sources, the apostle Paul built the archbishopric of Durrës when he was preaching in Illyria and Epirus, and there were perhaps seventy Christian households in the city during the time of the apostles. The Albanian Orthodox Church, which has been autocephalous since 1923, is subdivided into the archbishopric of Tirana–Durrës, led by the Metropolitan, and the local church districts of Tirana, Durrës, Shkodr, and Elbasan.

Culture

The Aleksandr Moisiu Theatre, the Estrada Theatre, a puppet theatre, and the Philharmonic Orchestra are in the core of the city’s theatrical and musical activities. The Durrës International Film Summerfest, which began in 2008, is held at the amphitheater in late August or early September. Miss Globe International was held in Durrës in 2004 and 2009.

The city is home to several architectural styles that reflect significant historical eras. The building draws inspiration from Illyrian, Greek, Roman, and Italian styles. A portion of Durrës became a modernist metropolis in the 21st century, with vast apartment complexes, contemporary new buildings, new commercial centres, and numerous green areas.

Durrës has a rich history of education, dating from the dawn of civilization to the present day. After the collapse of communism in Albania in 1990, a restructuring plan was unveiled that would increase the length of obligatory education from eight to 10 years. The educational system descended into disarray the year after a significant economic and political crisis in Albania and the consequent collapse of public order. Many schools were later restored or refurbished to enhance learning environments, particularly in the nation’s largest cities. Academic institutions in Durrës include the University of Durrës, the Albanian College of Durrës, the Kajtazi Brothers Educational Institute, the Gjergj Kastrioti High School, the Naim Frashri High School, the Sports mastery school Benardin Qerraxhiu, and the Jani Kukuzeli Artistic Lycee.

The Byzantine city wall, also known as Durrës Castle, is one of the city’s most popular attractions, while the biggest amphitheatre in the Balkans is located near the city’s port. This fifth-century structure is under consideration for UNESCO World Heritage Site status. Durrës is home to the country’s biggest archaeological museum, the Durrës Archaeological Museum, which is situated near the shore. The Byzantine fortifications of the sixth century, erected following the Visigoth invasion of 481, are located to the north of the museum. The majority of the museum’s collection consists of artifacts from the adjacent ancient site of Dyrrhachium, in addition to a vast collection of artifacts from the Illyrian, Ancient Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman eras. Important artifacts include Roman funeral steles and stone sarcophagi, a colourful oval mosaic spanning 17 by 10 feet (5 m 3 m) known as The Beauty of Durrës, and a collection of small busts of Venus, a relic of the period when Durrës was a center of goddess worship. In addition to the Royal Villa of Durrës and the Museum of History (in the home of the actor Aleksandr Moisiu), there are various more museums.

Economy

Due to its port and closeness to the Italian port towns, particularly Bari, to which daily ferries sail, Durrës is a vital gateway to Western Europe. In addition to the dockyard, it has a significant shipbuilding and industrial businesses, including the production of leather, plastic, and tobacco goods.

The southern section of Golem’s coastline is famed for its typical mass beach tourism as a result of unrestrained urbanization. The city’s beaches are also a popular tourist attraction for both domestic and international visitors. New water sanitation systems are being implemented in 2012 to reduce marine water contamination. Since 2009, a number of beach resorts have been constructed along the northern shore of Lalzit Bay, which has remained mostly pristine and is slated to become an exclusive tourist destination. The neighboring regions are renowned for the production of high-quality wine and a variety of delicacies.

According to the World Bank, in 2016 Durrës took important efforts toward launching a company. Among the 22 cities in Southeastern Europe, Durrës ranks ninth, after the capital Tirana, Belgrade, Serbia, and Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

How To Travel To Durrës

By boat

  • To Bariin Italy on Agemar, on Azzurra Line or on Dimaio Line
  • To Anconain Italy on Adria Ferries
  • To Triestein Italy on Agemar

Additionally, there are other ferry companies, including Anek, GNV, European Ferries, and Ventouris.

By bus

Generally, buses and furgons enter and leave from the bus terminal with the “DURRES” emblem near the train station.

  • From Tirana: The buses leave from the temporary bus station next to the retail mall Casa Italia. The trip lasts around 45 minutes and costs 150 lek (May 2022). The bus travels every 30 minutes between 06:30 and 19:30 every day.
  • From Skopje, Macedonia: Buses from Skopje, Macedonia, pass via Durres en route to Tirana. A regular roundtrip fare from Skopje to Tirana costs around €25.
  • From Kumanovo, Macedonia, there is an everyday direct bus line to Durrës. The cost of tickets is around €20.
  • From Pristina, Kosovo, there are many buses every day throughout the summer months. In 2013, the schedule was as follows: 04:00, 05:00, 06:00, and 06:30, followed by 14:30, 15:00, 15:30, 16:00, and 23:00. There are at least two buses departing between 16:00 and 17:00. Return fare costs around €12. The journey takes between four and five and a half hours, depending on whether Prizren is included. Buses leave and arrive at the northern end of Rruga Pavaresia, which runs parallel to the beach and is quite near to it.

By train

Railway Station, Rruga Adria. As of May 2022, there is no link to Tirana(which has been without a train station for some time), only a replacement bus service. One could check with the Albanian railway service provider Hekurudha Shqiptare, if there is a train service from Durrës to Elbasan. 

By car

There is a route between here and Tirana, the SH2, that takes little more than half an hour. You may fly into Tirana and then drive or take a cab to Durrës, since the SH60 connects the airport to the SH2. Additionally, from Vor and Shijak by major roads and highways.

How To Travel Around Durrës

The center of the city, where the archaeological sites are situated, is accessible by foot. There are several cabs accessible in Durrës. There are taxis parked around with a taxi emblem on the top of their vehicles. Orange public buses may also transport you about the city, but considerably more slowly.

Tourism In Durrës

Durrës, situated 34 kilometers from Tirana, is home to Albania’s biggest harbor and is also one of the country’s most historic towns. The establishment of “the everlasting city” across the Adriatic dates back to 627 B.C.E., when the Corinthians and immigrants from the ancient Greek city of Corcyra, located on the island of Corfu, attacked the Illyrian realm of the Taulantii people.

Due to its lengthy history, the city is naturally teeming with historical monuments and artifacts, including the famed amphitheater of Roman Emperor Hadrian, whose 15,000-seat capacity makes it the second largest amphitheater in the Balkans.

Bathhouses from the 2nd century A.D., a Byzantine forum with marble columns erected between the 5th and 6th centuries, and a tiny church with mosaic-covered walls from the 9th century testifies to the history of Durrës. These historical relics are all within walking distance of the amphitheater.

A part of the wall that formerly encompassed the ancient city is still intact. Caesar himself once traversed old roadways that have lasted until our times. On Taulantia Road, anyone interested in learning more about this history may visit the recently reconstructed Archeological Museum. Although “Bukuroshja e Durrësit” (The Beauty of Durrës), a famous archaeological mosaic discovered in Durrës and produced in the fourth century B.C.E., is on display at the National Historic Museum in Tirana, it was uncovered in Durrës.

Beyond the Archeological Museum, tourists may explore the Ethnographic Museum, which was formerly the house of the renowned actor Alexander Moissi, and the Art Gallery in the city’s center.

Durrës is also ideal for those seeking a seaside getaway, as its sandy beaches and several restaurants with a breathtaking view of the Adriatic make for a peaceful day excursion.

Sights & Landmarks In Durrës

Durres is a multifaceted port city with a contemporary and historic ambiance. If you want to have some fun in the sun, go to the waterfront, where Albania’s biggest and liveliest beach comes alive in the summer. Durres is particularly rich in Roman and Byzantine history, with the remains of Albania’s largest amphitheatre and the city defenses and forum dating back 1500 years.

St. Anthony Church In Durrës
Kepi i Rodonit, Albania
Durres Sphinx
Shëtitorja Taulantia, 2004, Durres, Albania
Shatervani Fountain
Rruga Aleksander Goga, Durres, Albania
Royal Villa of Durrës
Durres, Albania

Things To Do In Durrës

Durres is Albania’s second-largest town, after Tirana, and the country’s first port. Durres is a maritime town on the Adriatic coast with a lot to offer tourists, including magnificent beaches and fascinating ancient ruins.

Ventus Sport Center
Ventus Harbor, Rruga Taulantia, Lagja Nr 2, Durrës
PowerHouse GYM
Rruga Sabri Dermani, 2001, Durres, Albania
Olympia Gym Durrës
Rruga Bardhyl Shehu, 2004, Durres, Albania
Illyrian Fitness
Lagjia 17, Rruga Dalip Peza Pallati 14/1,Kati 13, Durrës

Beaches In Durrës

The silky sand of Durres, the lively ambiance of this large coastal town, and its proximity to the capital make the lovely beaches of this seaside resort the most popular weekend destinations throughout the whole year. Durres’s beaches are extremely sentimental for the locals, since they were traditionally the most visited by families, and although the nostalgic atmosphere still clings, the city has become a true worldwide tourist destination.

Tale Beach
Lezhë, Albania
Spille Beach
Durres, Albania
Shen Pjetrit Beach
Unnamed Road, Plazhi San Pietro, Albania
Robbie Mountain Beach
Golem, Tirana, Albania

Restaurants In Durrës

Even when the beach season has not yet started or has ended, Durres remains one of the country’s most popular tourist attractions. Reasons are clear. In addition to its moderate and pleasant temperature throughout the year, Durres has established a genuinely remarkable fish and shellfish culinary culture.

Westwood Meathouse
Rruga Egnatia, 2001, Durres, Albania
Vertigo Bar Restorant
Rruga Shoqata Durrësi, Durres, Albania
Troy Grill House
Durres, Albania
Spaghetteria Luli
Durres, Albania

Shopping In Durrës

In the heart of Durres, there is a limited number of clothing stores. While local clothing labels are fairly reasonable, international brands is priced similarly to the rest of Europe.

Souvenir Dhurata
Bulevardi Dyrrah 4, 2001, Durres, Albania
Marigo Souvenirs & Gifts Shop
Durres, Albania
Italian Outlet
Durres, Albania
Galaktik Shopping Center Durres
Rruga Adria, 2001, Durres, Albania

Nightlife in Durrës

Durrës is renowned as one of the most vibrant cities in the nation. The nightlife is bustling, with late-opening restaurants, pubs, and nightclubs. From June to September, several beach clubs on the coast host DJs from Albania and other Balkan nations at their venues.

Zero Lounge Bar
Rruga Egnatia, 2001, Durres, Albania
Verona Beach Bar Durres
Durres, Albania
W THE CLUB
Shëtitorja Taulantia, 2004, Durres, Albania
The Wall Bar
Rruga Grigor Durrsaku, 2001, Durres, Albania