孟菲斯

孟菲斯是一座中等规模的南部大都市。截至2020年代初，该市约有61万至62万居民，是田纳西州第二大城市。（相比之下，纳什维尔的人口已增长至约68.7万。）孟菲斯的人口以非裔美国人为主——约63%为黑人，25%为白人（非西班牙裔），其余为其他种族。孟菲斯的家庭收入中位数低于全国平均水平（约5.1万美元），超过20%的居民生活在贫困中。这些数字反映出，与许多老城区一样，即使其核心旅游业蓬勃发展，孟菲斯也面临着社会经济挑战。

当地经济主要以交通运输和物流为中心。孟菲斯坐落着联邦快递庞大的全球航空枢纽，该枢纽在当地雇佣了约3万名员工，并拥有美国第五繁忙的内陆港口。汽车零部件巨头AutoZone和International Paper等财富500强企业都设在这里。事实上，该都市区约三分之一的就业岗位来自制造业、交通运输业或物流业。该市的人均收入（约40,700美元）和家庭收入中位数（约51,300美元）低于全国平均水平。简而言之，从数据上看，孟菲斯是一个约62万人口的城市，以其物流业而闻名，人口以黑人为主，收入微薄，贫困率相对较高。

孟菲斯位于田纳西州西南角，密西西比河东岸。它位于北美大陆的东南地区，西与阿肯色州接壤，南与密西西比州接壤。这座城市横跨奇卡索悬崖（Chickasaw Bluffs），这是一片俯瞰河流的高地——这一地形保护了早期的定居点免受洪水侵袭。市中心以外，地貌大多为平坦的河岸平原，广阔的农田和森林向东和向北延伸。与田纳西州东部山区环绕的城镇不同，孟菲斯基本上位于三角洲低地的边缘。

孟菲斯属亚热带湿润气候。夏季漫长、炎热潮湿，午后雷暴天气常见。冬季白天温和至寒冷，一月平均气温在4华氏度（约4摄氏度）出头，夜间气温有时接近冰点。气候数据显示，“夏季炎热潮湿”，而“冬季寒冷潮湿”，年极端气温通常在-3摄氏度（约0摄氏度）至37摄氏度（约27摄氏度）之间。春季和秋季是宜人的过渡季节，但春季可能会有雷暴（四月偶尔会有龙卷风）。总体而言，游客应做好夏季炎热潮湿的准备，并做好应对温和但偶尔寒冷的冬季的准备。

孟菲斯的起源可以追溯到19世纪初。1819年，由约翰·奥弗顿、詹姆斯·温彻斯特和安德鲁·杰克逊领导的财团在密西西比河沿岸规划了一座城镇，并以古埃及城市孟菲斯命名。孟菲斯于1826年建市，并迅速发展成为棉花和木材的河港。南北战争前，孟菲斯是棉花贸易的新兴城市，河岸沿岸遍布仓库和锯木厂。南北战争期间，孟菲斯的战略位置使其成为一个关键目标；该城于1862年落入联邦军队手中，并在战争的剩余时间里一直处于联邦军队的控制之下。

战后的孟菲斯以其财富和奋斗而闻名。这座城市曾遭受致命的黄热病疫情，最严重的一次是在1878年，当时数千人丧生。但其商业活动逐渐复苏，到20世纪已成为一个重要的贸易中心。孟菲斯在美国种族历史上也扮演着举足轻重的角色。它是重建时期1866年孟菲斯骚乱的发生地，后来因1968年马丁·路德·金博士在洛林汽车旅馆遇刺而引起了国际关注（该地点现为国家民权博物馆）。总而言之，孟菲斯始于1819年的一个河流定居点，依靠棉花和河流贸易繁荣发展，经历了战后的种族冲突和流行病，最终成为民权运动的中心地带，并因此而名垂青史。

孟菲斯文化以其“深厚”的南方文化而闻名——融合了非裔美国人的传统与河港的国际化氛围。英语是主要语言，但考虑到近几十年的移民潮（约8%的居民出生于国外），西班牙语和其他语言也并不少见。这座城市散发着悠闲的南方热情好客之风。居民们以他们的友好和社区氛围为荣：在街上经常听到“y'all”（你们）和热情的问候。市中心以外，这里保留着独特的当地方言和悠闲的生活节奏。

孟菲斯的文化遗产是音乐和美食。这里是蓝调、灵魂乐和摇滚乐的摇篮：比尔街 (Beale Street) 是 BB King 和 Muddy Waters 等传奇人物演出的地方，如今，孟菲斯音乐（蓝调、灵魂乐、福音音乐和摇滚乐）仍然渗透在这座城市的 DNA 中。这座城市还举办充满活力的文化节，例如一年一度的“五月孟菲斯”音乐节，其中包括比尔街音乐节（蓝调和摇滚）、国际烧烤大赛以及庆祝非裔美国文化的“四月非洲”。除了组织活动之外，您还可以在比尔街的酒吧或附近的小酒吧每晚聆听现场音乐。孟菲斯以烧烤而闻名——慢熏排骨和手撕猪肉是这里的招牌菜——而“孟菲斯风味”排骨和三明治几乎是一种传统。旅行作家会注意到这座城市充满灵魂：许多人与教会和福音传统息息相关，而像斯塔克斯灵魂博物馆 (Stax Museum of Soul) 这样的艺术作品则讲述了这个故事。

文化机构彰显了这一特色。孟菲斯拥有雅园（猫王埃尔维斯·普雷斯利的故居）和太阳录音室（摇滚乐的发源地），以及斯塔克斯美国灵魂乐博物馆和密西西比河博物馆。正如一位消息人士所说，“孟菲斯的文化比密西西比河还要深厚”，这里有斯塔克斯唱片公司、太阳唱片公司和雅园的珍宝，以及孟菲斯动物园和儿童博物馆等适合家庭游玩的景点。总而言之，孟菲斯既有大都市的氛围，又有小镇的灵魂：人们热情友好、乐此不疲，烧烤和蓝调等传统文化赋予了这座城市友好而富有创意的氛围。

来到孟菲斯，怎能不去猫王埃尔维斯·普雷斯利的标志性故居——雅园朝圣？这趟孟菲斯之旅可谓圆满。这座如今已成为博物馆的宅邸，让歌迷们得以一窥这位“猫王”的一生，包括他的金唱片和粉色凯迪拉克。除了雅园，孟菲斯的景点还包括音乐史和密西西比河。比尔街是市中心的娱乐中心：比尔街上历史悠久的俱乐部和乡村酒吧至今仍每晚举办蓝调和摇滚表演。附近还有孟菲斯摇滚灵魂博物馆和蓝调名人堂，记录着这座城市的音乐先驱们。

距离比尔街仅一个街区的国家民权博物馆（前洛林汽车旅馆）让您深入了解美国民权斗争——这是了解这座城市遗产的必看景点。音乐爱好者还可以参观太阳工作室，猫王、约翰尼·卡什等人在这里录制了他们的第一张唱片，以及位于南孟菲斯的斯塔克斯博物馆，该博物馆致力于纪念奥的斯·雷丁和艾萨克·海耶斯等灵魂乐传奇人物。若要欣赏河流景色，汤姆李公园和泥岛河公园允许沿着密西西比河散步，有时还可以搭配历史悠久的游船巡游。其他适合家庭的景点包括孟菲斯动物园、粉红宫殿博物馆（有科学展览和天文馆）和谢尔比农场公园（美国最大的城市公园之一，有步道和骑马场）。体育和夜生活使这里更加丰富多彩：您可以在市中心的体育馆观看 NBA 灰熊队的比赛，或者在历史悠久的百老汇听现场乐队表演。简而言之，孟菲斯的景点颂扬音乐、历史和河流——从猫王的庄园到泥泞的密西西比河——所有这些都是这座城市灵魂的核心。

孟菲斯拥有现代化的孟菲斯国际机场 (MEM)，位于市中心以东约 15 英里处。美国主要航空公司提供从亚特兰大、达拉斯、芝加哥和休斯顿等枢纽机场直飞孟菲斯的航班。此外，美铁新奥尔良城际列车也停靠市中心，可通过高速公路抵达：40 号州际公路和 55 号州际公路在此交汇。

驾车游览大孟菲斯及周边郊区十分便捷；多条高速公路（I-40、I-240、I-55）环绕城市。不过，市中心交通紧凑，步行或乘坐公共交通工具即可轻松抵达。孟菲斯地区交通管理局 (MATA) 运营公交车和有轨电车，途经比尔街 (Beale Street) 和国家民权博物馆。此外，还提供出租车和拼车服务。游客需注意，除市中心和中城区外，孟菲斯市的交通十分分散，因此建议规划好自驾出行时间（高峰时段交通拥堵可能会非常严重）。

货币为美元，在餐厅用餐和服务时通常支付 15–20% 的小费。当地语言为英语，但也有少数西班牙语服务，但大多数当地人都说英语。孟菲斯的南方人以彬彬有礼而闻名，可能会与陌生人聊天，但遵守美国标准安全礼仪是明智之举。该市的犯罪率高于平均水平，因此游客应保持警惕，尤其是在天黑后在不熟悉的街区。请尽量前往市中心光线充足的区域，并咨询酒店工作人员了解需要避开的区域。至于时间，最佳月份是春季（4 月至 5 月）和秋季，这两个月份气温适中。夏季可能非常炎热（最高温度为 80-90 华氏度，湿度为 27.5 至 29.5 摄氏度），因此建议采取防晒措施（防晒霜、戴帽子）。请记住，田纳西州的法定饮酒年龄为 21 岁，而纳什维尔著名的乡村酒吧意味着深夜会有更多醉酒的狂欢者。总体而言，休闲服装是常态（孟菲斯人在夏季炎热时穿着舒适），但由于春季有雷暴，冬季偶尔有寒冷，因此一年四季都携带一件轻便夹克或雨伞很方便。

孟菲斯的简要概述

Memphis, Tennessee’s rhythms of history and culture define the city. Along the great Mississippi River, Memphis is a city where the past and present live in harmony to produce a unique range of experiences for guests. For those looking for both entertainment and enlightenment, Memphis is a fascinating place because of its active community, rich cultural legacy, and central part in the evolution of American music.

Memphis is a city that captures the spirit of the American South exactly. Acting as the cultural and commercial hub for Tennessee, it is the biggest city there. The name of the city alone makes one picture ancient Egypt; but, its character is firmly anchored in the United States. Memphis is known for its contributions to music, especially blues, soul, and rock ‘n’ roll, so earning the titles “Home of the Blues” and “Birthplace of Rock ‘n’ Roll.”

Memphis’s past is as varied and broad as the music that permeates its streets. After its founding in 1819, the city developed fast as a significant cotton market and transportation hub due to its strategic location on the Mississippi River. The economic growth drew a varied population, which helped to create the energetic cultural mosaic of the city.

The National Civil Rights Museum, housed at the Lorraine Motel, the scene of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s murder in 1968, shows Memphis as a vital site in the Civil Rights Movement. This museum is evidence of the city’s continuing legacy in the search of justice and equality.

Culturally speaking, Memphis is a mix of many influences. Legendary venues including Sun Studio, where Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, and Jerry Lee Lewis recorded their first hits, and Stax Records, which turned out soul icons like Otis Redding and Isaac Hayes, define the city’s musical scene. The annual month-long celebration, Beale Street Music Festival and Memphis in May, highlight the city’s constant commitment to its musical past.

Memphis is a must-see because of its unique mix of historical significance, cultural diversity, and contemporary attractions. Music lovers may look at the beginnings of American music at the Memphis Rock ‘n’ Soul Museum and Graceland, Elvis Presley’s home. For those interested in history and want to tour the past of the city, the Slave Haven Underground Railroad Museum and the Cotton Museum are first choice tools.

The city’s gastronomic scene also appeals to me; Memphis-style barbecue stands out especially. Renowned restaurants like The Rendezvous and Central BBQ let guests savor the tastes of pulled pork and slow-cooked ribs.

Outdoor enthusiasts have access to the Mississippi Riverfront’s natural beauty via parks, walking paths, and riverboat cruises. Family-friendly events and chances to interact with nature abound from Shelby Farms Park and the Memphis Zoo.

孟菲斯的历史

古代文明

在欧洲探险家抵达之前，美洲原住民部落——包括密西西比文化——在如今的孟菲斯地区生活了很长一段时间。这些史前人类建立了复杂的社会，如今在丘卡利萨等地仍可见到一些土丘。他们先进的农耕方法和贸易网络为该地区未来的扩张奠定了基础。

西班牙探险

Under the direction of Hernando de Soto, the Spanish were the first Europeans to explore the Memphis area in 1540s. De Soto’s journey sparked European interest in the Mississippi River and its surrounds. Although the Spanish did not build permanent colonies, their exploration helped to open the path for later European colonization.

法国殖民时期

17世纪末，法国探险家宣称密西西比河谷为法国所有，其中包括勒内-罗伯特·卡弗利耶（René-Robert Cavelier）和拉萨尔爵士（Sieur de La Salle）。法国人在现代城市孟菲斯附近建造了一座堡垒和贸易站，其中之一就是普鲁多姆堡（Fort Prudhomme）。随着法国人努力与附近的美洲原住民部落建立友好关系，欧洲人开始在该地区进行贸易和定居。

美国革命

The American Revolution had a major impact on the Mississippi Valley as the recently founded United States worked to extend its reach westward. Completing the Revolutionary War, the Treaty of Paris in 1783 gave the United States authority over the territory east of the Mississippi River. This cleared the path for American colonists’ westward migration and later Memphis’s founding.

棉花贸易和奴隶制

Memphis developed as a major center for the cotton trade in the 19th century thanks to its strategic position on the Mississippi River. The cotton became the main crop, which resulted in a boom in the city’s economy and the building of huge plantations and the broad use of enslaved labor. With cotton bales scattered along the riverfront and steamboats carrying goods to and from Memphis, the once-small port city became a hive of activity.

The dependence on slavery, with its major social and economic consequences, greatly affected the population of the city. This then helped to create the significant racial divisions that would later inspire the Civil Rights Movement.

民权运动

A center of activity for the fight for racial equality, Memphis was instrumental in the Civil Rights Movement. Memphis’s most memorable event during this time came in 1968 when Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. paid the city visits to assist strike-active sanitation workers. His murder on April 4, 1968 at the Lorraine Motel marked the sad turning point in American history.

Currently housed in the Lorraine Motel, the National Civil Rights Museum honors the memory of those who battled for justice and equality and chronicles the history of the Civil Rights Movement. The museum reminds us poignantly Memphis’s continuous dedication to the cause of civil rights.

孟菲斯地理

Memphis, on Tennessee’s southwest edge, sits on the Mississippi River’s eastern bank. It is a regional hub for a tri-state area that encompasses Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee due to its prime location. Historically, the 4th Chickasaw Bluff’s natural elevation—which lies just south of the Wolf River’s mouth—has kept the city free from flooding.

Memphis is in Shelby County, known for its plenty of water supplies. Among the four naturally occurring aquifers the county spans are the “Memphis sand aquifer”. With a capacity of more than 100 trillion gallons, this aquifer is a significant water source that guarantees a consistent supply for the people living in the city as well as businesses.

Memphis boasts four separate seasons, distinguished by a humid subtropical temperature. The moisture of the Gulf of Mexico helps to explain the often hot and muggy summers. Usually mild, winters are exceptionally cold in rare cases. The nice weather of the seasons of spring and autumn makes them especially fit for outdoor events and activities.

交通和基础设施

Easy access to and from Memphis comes from a system of main highways and interstates. From the northeast, Interstate 40 loops above Memphis’s central core and then crosses the Mississippi River to the west. Approaching from the south, Interstate 55 joins Interstate 240 to create the Inner Beltway beside I-40. Interstate 269 runs from Millington to Hernando via Arlington, Collierville, Piperton, and Byhalia.

Among the future infrastructure projects are the completion of Interstate 69, which will enter Memphis from Southaven along I-55, continue north on I-240, and then onto I-40 before branching off at SR-300 towards Dyersburg. Interstate 22 will also eventually link Birmingham to the outskirts of Memphis using US-78, so enhancing regional connectivity.

美国78号公路始于孟菲斯第二街与马丁·路德·金大道的交汇处；美国72号公路从孟菲斯东南方向延伸。美国78号公路从孟菲斯出发，沿拉马尔大道延伸，这条大道曾被称为“鸽巢路”，因为附近曾发现旅鸽巢。这条公路延伸至南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿，是一条重要的东西向走廊。

扩张与边界

Over the past fifty years, Memphis has grown significantly mostly from annexation. Reflecting the dynamic development of the city and growing urban sprawl, this expansion has redefined the city’s limits on many occasions.

Naturally defining Memphis’s western boundary is the Mississippi River, a vital waterway that has historically affected the city’s economy and expansion. From the Loosahatchie River, the boundary runs north following Raleigh-Millington Road to Egypt-Central Road. It then runs across Bartlett, Lakeland, Arlington, and finally the Fayette County line.

东部边界的情况更为复杂，始于美国64号公路以南约半英里处。它从森林山-艾琳路（Forest Hill-Irene Road）以东延伸，经过一系列道路，包括贝里希尔路（Berryhill Road）、梅肯路（Macon Road）、洛基角路（Rocky Point Road）和核桃林路（Walnut Grove Road）。然后，这条路径沿着日耳曼敦（Germantown）边界向南延伸至沃尔夫河（Wolf River）。

南部边界蜿蜒曲折，从密西西比州界一直延伸至南风高尔夫球场，然后延伸至诺康纳溪、日耳曼敦路、谢尔比大道、里弗代尔路、霍姆斯路和克伦普勒路。

在这些边界内，有一个尚未被吞并的社区：布里奇沃特地区。该地区大致北临40号州际公路，东临日耳曼敦公园大道，南临谢尔比农场，西临惠顿路。孟菲斯曾在21世纪初试图收购该地区；但由于无法增加其服务，因此推迟了其融入城市。

城市增长边界

Tennessee law mandates that every county in the state set urban growth limits for its cities. These limits, known as annexation reserves, determine the possible city future limits. The reserve in Memphis includes the Big Creek Drainage Canal as well as the area between Millington’s southern border and Bartlett’s western border. It also covers the areas between Arlington, Fayette County, and Collierville as well as a small piece of land south of the Southwind area.

主要地区

Memphis’s five main districts— Downtown, Midtown, North Memphis, South Memphis, and East Memphis—together form its core. Every district in the city adds unique character and attractions that define its urban scene. Memphis has grown recently by acquiring nearby territory, which has sometimes caused uncertainty for those not familiar with the region. These districts’ names might not always line up with their physical locations.

作为孟菲斯市中心的经济和历史中心，比尔街和国家民权博物馆是这座城市的著名景点。中城区拥有独特的街区、蓬勃发展的艺术氛围和历史悠久的建筑。东孟菲斯是一个繁忙的商业和住宅区；北孟菲斯和南孟菲斯则以住宅区为主，拥有丰富的文化历史。

孟菲斯的气候

Memphis’s humid subtropical climate, assigned Köppen Cfa and Trewartha Cf., is marked by four distinct seasons. Whereas the surrounding area cools to Zone 7b, the city’s downtown area is located in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 8a. This climate is influenced by the upper Great Plains and the Gulf of Mexico, which results in a varied range of weather patterns seen all year long.

夏天

Memphis has quite hot and humid summers, usually shaped by Gulf of Mexico or Texas-based weather patterns. With an average daily temperature of 82.8°F (28.2°C) July is the hottest month. The Gulf’s moisture causes regular afternoon and evening thunderstorms, which often translate into high humidity levels. Though they are usually brief, these storms can have dramatic intensity that offers a glimpse of the force of nature.

秋天

孟菲斯的初秋气候宜人，干燥宜人，让人暂时摆脱了夏季的酷暑。不过，气温可能还会持续上升，直到十月下旬。由于十一月和十二月降水最多，这个季节会逐渐变得潮湿寒冷。从夏季的温暖到冬季的寒冷，正是这个季节的标志。

冬天

Memphis’s average daily temperature in January is 42.1°F (5.6°C), and the winters usually are mild to cold. With an average of 2.7 inches (6.9 cm) yearly, snowfall varies. Still, ice storms and freezing rain are more common and serious hazards that regularly cause dangerous travel conditions and power outages. December 24, 1963 had Memphis’s all-time low temperature of -13°F (-25°C).

春天

春天是孟菲斯万物复苏的季节，然而，它也带来了强风暴的威胁。雷暴天气尤其常见，尤其是在春季，它会带来频繁的闪电、强风、洪水和大冰雹。龙卷风也是这段时间的潜在威胁，它会让本已不稳定的气温更加难以预测。

极端温度

孟菲斯多年来经历了相当显著的气温波动。1980年7月13日，气温高达42摄氏度（108华氏度），超过了所有历史纪录。另一方面，该市也经历过严寒天气；在1989年12月的美国寒潮和1985年的北美寒潮中，气温曾降至-20摄氏度（-4华氏度）。

沉淀

孟菲斯年平均降雨量为1400毫米（54.94英寸），年均降水量分布均匀，年降水量相当高。通常八月和九月较为干燥；三月至五月和十二月则是雨水最多的月份。持续的降雨造就了该地区鲜明的景色和丰富的植被。

孟菲斯人口统计

截至2010年美国人口普查，孟菲斯共有652,078人口和245,836户家庭。人口密度为每平方英里2,327.4人（每平方公里898.6人），平均住房密度为每平方英里972.2套（每平方公里375.4套），共有271,552个住房单元。该市人口构成呈现种族多元化，其中非裔美国人占63.33%，白人占29.39%，亚裔美国人占1.46%，原住民占1.57%，太平洋岛民占0.04%，其他种族占1.45%，两个或两个以上种族混血占1.04%。其中，西班牙裔或拉丁裔占总人口的6.49%。

While a household’s median income was $32,285, a family’s median income in Memphis was $37,767. Men’s median income was $31,236; women’s median income was $25,183. The municipal per capita income was $17,838. About 17.2% of families and 20.6% of the population were living below the poverty line; 30.1% of people under the age of 18 and 15.4% of those 65 years of age or older fell under this category. The U.S. Census Bureau ranked the Memphis area as the most underdeveloped big metro area in the country in 2011. This ranking was ascribed to the low-cost job market, undereducated workforce, and decades of government and school segregation.

孟菲斯大都会统计区（MSA）

孟菲斯都会统计区 (MSA) 人口为 1,316,100，是 2010 年全美第 42 大都会统计区。密西西比三角洲涵盖阿肯色州克里滕登县；密西西比州北部的德索托县、马歇尔县、泰特县和图尼卡县；以及田纳西州的谢尔比县、蒂普顿县和费耶特县。

Per capita income in the metropolitan area is higher than that of the city itself, and white proportion is higher there as well. With the white population making 47.9% of the 1,316,101 citizens of the eight-county region, the Memphis metro area is almost majority-minority based on the 2010 census. While non-Hispanic white population was 46.2%, African American population was 45.7%. For many years, the Memphis metro area has maintained the highest percentage of black population among the country’s major metropolitan areas; it is almost certain that it will be the first metro area of one million or more with a majority black population.

移民与社区

Following suburban trends into DeSoto County, a great number of African Americans and other minorities have moved to Shelby County’s suburbs in a reversal of the Great Migration. The demographic changes the area has seen have some influence from this migration.

孟菲斯的人口结构经历了数次移民浪潮。除了英美移民之外，爱尔兰和德国移民也极大地促进了这座城市的发展。这座城市还拥有著名的爱尔兰裔美国人移民社区以及活跃的西班牙裔社区，尤其是墨西哥裔和波多黎各裔。此外，孟菲斯还拥有包括越南裔在内的众多亚裔社区，这进一步丰富了这座城市的文化多样性。

宗教与精神景观

Memphis’s rich cultural mosaic is reflected in its long history of many religious and spiritual practices. Along with a Jewish congregation, the 1870 Memphis map showed a wide range of religious buildings including those of Baptist, Catholic, Episcopal, Methodist, Presbyterian, Congregational, and other Christian denominations. The city had expanded its religious variety in 2009 to include Christian, Jewish, Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim places of worship.

基督教派别

The Church of God’s worldwide headquarters, the biggest Pentecostal denomination in the United States, is located in Memphis. Notable landmark Mason Temple is named for Charles Harrison Mason, the founder of the denomination. The night before Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.’s murder, in April 1968, he gave his famous “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop” speech here. The National Civil Rights Museum is housed at the Lorraine Motel, where each year Mason Temple hosts Freedom Awards to worthy people.

贝尔维尤浸信会成立于1903年，是一座南方浸信会巨型教会，也是孟菲斯另一处知名的宗教场所。该教会拥有近3万名成员，曾三任南方浸信会主席的艾德里安·罗杰斯多年来一直领导着该会。

孟菲斯其他著名的教堂包括第二长老会教堂 (EPC)、高点教堂 (SBC)、希望长老会教堂 (EPC)、常青长老会教堂 (PCUSA)、殖民公园联合卫理公会教堂、基督联合卫理公会教堂、艾德怀尔德长老会教堂 (PCUSA)、恩典生命五旬节教堂 (UPCI)、第一浸信会教堂、拯救圣殿、加略山圣公会教堂、河流教堂（孟菲斯第一一神论教堂）、第一公理会教堂 (UCC) 和天使报喜希腊东正教教堂。

Two cathedrals also stand in Memphis: St. Mary’s Episcopal Cathedral, the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of West Tennessee, and the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, which houses the Roman Catholic Diocese of Memphis.

犹太社区

由于犹太人在内战前就居住在孟菲斯，犹太社区拥有丰富的历史遗产。19世纪末20世纪初，来自东欧的犹太移民带来了社区的显著发展。以色列神庙（Temple Israel）估计拥有7000名成员，是美国最大的改革派犹太教堂之一。美国最大的正统犹太教堂——巴伦·赫希犹太教堂（Baron Hirsch Synagogue）也位于孟菲斯。

穆斯林社区

孟菲斯约有1万至1.5万名穆斯林，他们来自不同的种族和文化背景。这个多元化的群体为这座城市的宗教活动和习俗增添了丰富的色彩。

其他宗教团体

这座城市也体现了印度教、佛教和其他宗教群体包容多元的精神境界。孟菲斯及其周边大都市地区分布着几所神学院，其中包括孟菲斯神学院和哈丁神学院，这进一步凸显了这种多样性。中美浸信会神学院位于科尔多瓦郊区。

孟菲斯经济

Memphis’s business expansion in the shipping and transportation industries has been much influenced by its central geographic location. Memphis, on the Mississippi River and crossed by two Interstate Highways (I-40 and I-55) and five main freight railroads, is in a prime site for business. Early development of the city depended on its accessibility by water since steamboats crossed the Mississippi River.The building of railroads strengthened its ties with markets both east and west.

自20世纪下半叶以来，州际公路和高速公路已成为不可或缺的交通路线。原先的高优先级走廊X，现已指定为第四条州际公路——22号州际公路；第三条州际公路——69号州际公路目前正在建设中。定期将河驳船的货物卸载到火车和卡车上，有助于实现高效的货物运输。

Having topped Hong Kong International Airport in 2021 to rank as the busiest cargo airport worldwide, Memphis International Airport is an invaluable resource. Given FedEx Express’s main hub at Memphis, the city is a vital hub in world logistics.

大型企业

截至 2014 年，孟菲斯拥有三家财富 500 强企业：联邦快递（第 63 位）、国际纸业（第 107 位）和 AutoZone（第 306 位）。许多其他知名公司也坐落于孟菲斯，其中包括：

• 艾伦伯格·科顿
• 美国住宅服务公司（ARS/Rescue Rooter）
• 贝克、唐纳森、贝尔曼、考德威尔和伯科维茨
• 嘉吉棉花
• 城市装备
• 第一地平线国家公司
• 弗雷德的
• GTx
• 莱尼的潜艇店
• 中部美国公寓
• 珀金斯餐厅和面包店
• 服务大师
• 真脾气体育
• 大学品牌
• 走向纸张

此外，在孟菲斯拥有重要业务的公司还包括总部位于纳什维尔的吉布森吉他公司（Gibson Guitars）和史密斯和侄子公司（Smith & Nephew）。圣路易斯联邦储备银行也在孟菲斯设有分行。

娱乐和电影业

孟菲斯近年来在电影和娱乐领域获得了越来越多的认可。孟菲斯和谢尔比县电影电视委员会为该市的电影产业发展提供了大力支持。许多值得关注的电影都在孟菲斯拍摄，其中包括：

• 取得好成绩 (1984)
• 猫王和我 (1988)
• 大火球！ (1988)
• 迪克西之心 (1989)
• 神秘列车 (1989)
• 《沉默的羔羊》 (1991)
• 侵入 (1992)
• 贝蒂·露手提包里的枪 (1992)
• 公司 (1993)
• 三角洲 (1996)
• 《美国大兵诉拉里·弗林特》 (1996)
• 雨人 (1997)
• 抛弃 (2000)
• 21克 (2002)
• 彩绘的房子 (2002)
• 熙熙攘攘 (2005)
• 《四十度蓝》 (2005)
• 走一走 (2005)
• 黑蛇呻吟 (2007)
• 唯有真相 (2008)
• 灵魂男声 (2008)
• 恩典卡 (2011)

Though it was set in Memphis, Atlanta was the site of The Blind Side’s filming (2009).The 1992 television film Memphis, starring native Cybill Shepherd, was also shot in the city.

节日和文化活动

孟菲斯是一座热爱庆祝的城市；它的日历上充满了丰富多彩的庆祝活动和文化活动，彰显了其多元的人口结构和丰富的文化遗产。这些活动吸引了来自四面八方的人们，为人们提供了一个独特的视角来了解这座城市的核心。

五月的孟菲斯

One of the most much awaited and grand events in Memphis is May’s Memphis celebration. A month-long series of events extending the city’s cultural reach and highlighting its legacy much beyond its boundaries. The four main events of the Beale Street Music Festival, International Week, World Championship Barbecue Cooking Contest, and Great River Run are Being the biggest pork barbecue-cooking contest in the world and attracting the attention of famous pitmasters and barbecue aficionados worldwide, the World Championship Barbecue Cooking Contest is especially remarkable.

四月的非洲

April’s Africa in Memphis Cultural Awareness Festival turns Downtown Memphis into a hive of activity. This three-day celebration honors the varied arts, history, culture, and diaspora of African people. The celebration offers a wide range of events honoring African legacy, including a fashion show, blues concerts, an international diversity march, and a vibrant vendors’ market.

孟菲斯意大利节

五月下旬至六月初，马凯特公园将举办孟菲斯意大利节。该节日始于1989年，旨在通过音乐表演、当地工匠和意大利烹饪比赛来庆祝意大利文化。亮点包括厨师表演、地掷球锦标赛、排球比赛和披萨抛掷表演。该节日根植于社区，主要由圣玫瑰学校和教堂的成员组织。

孟菲斯狂欢节

孟菲斯狂欢节最初名为“孟菲斯棉花狂欢节”，是每年六月举行的一系列庆祝活动和派对。每年都会选出一位狂欢节国王和王后来主持庆祝活动，该活动涵盖了孟菲斯的众多行业和各个方面。此后，孟菲斯狂欢节与“棉花制造商禧年”——一项非裔美国人社区活动——合并举办，该活动始于1935年，持续至1982年。

库珀-杨节

Every September, the Cooper-Young Festival—an annual market and arts event housed in Midtown Memphis’s Cooper-Young area—draws artists from all around North America. Local music, art sales, contests, and exhibits define the vibrant celebration of community and creativity that is the event.

电影节

Memphis also hosts several film festivals including the Indie Memphis Film Festival, Outflix, and the Memphis International Film and Music Festival. Among the “Coolest Film Festivals” and “Festivals Worth the Entry Fee,” MovieMaker Magazine has named the Indie Memphis Film Festival. The festival offers year-round independent movie events. While Outflix offers a full week of LGBT film, the Memphis International Film and Music Festival presents a varied range of movies and music.

中南部骄傲节

Celebrating diversity and inclusion through a sequence of events highlighting the LGBT community’s contributions to Memphis’s cultural fabric, Mid-South Pride is the second-largest LGBT pride event in Tennessee.

孟菲斯国际爵士音乐节

The Memphis International Jazz Festival honors the city’s significant impact on jazz music by happening on the weekend before Thanksgiving in the South Main Historic Arts District. Honoring Memphis’s rich musical legacy, the festival features eminent musicians including George Coleman, Herman Green, Kirk Whalum, and Marvin Stamm.

国际蓝调音乐奖

国际蓝调音乐奖由蓝调基金会主办，旨在表彰蓝调音乐领域的成就。为期一周的活动将以一晚的庆祝活动和表演结束，其中包括比赛和颁奖晚宴。

音乐遗产

Memphis is a city connected with musical innovation since it has been the birthplace and incubator of a wide range of American music genres. From gospel to rock ‘n’ roll to rockabilly and Memphis rap, Memphis has been a furnace for musical innovation and talent.

先驱与传奇

20世纪50年代和60年代，许多伟大的音乐家在孟菲斯开启了他们的音乐生涯，这段时期被认为是当地音乐的黄金时代。在众多传奇人物中，孟菲斯是艾瑞莎·弗兰克林、杰瑞·李·刘易斯、约翰尼·卡什、猫王埃尔维斯·普雷斯利、卡尔·帕金斯、罗伊·奥比森、布克·T·M和MG乐队、奥蒂斯·雷丁、艾萨克·海耶斯、艾尔·格林和BB·金的诞生地。这些音乐家不仅塑造了各自音乐流派的风格，也对国际音乐界产生了深远的影响。

比尔街和太阳工作室

One national historical site that bears evidence to Memphis’s impact on American blues is Beale Street. From the acoustic sounds of the Mississippi Delta, the street developed as a post-World War II center for electric blues. First recordings for Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, Roy Orbison were made at Sam Phillips’ Sun Studio, still in use and easily available for tours. Several well-known blues musicians, including W.C. Handy, sometimes known as the “Father of the Blues,” recorded in Phillips’ studio as well.

斯塔克斯唱片公司

Another pillar of Memphis’s musical legacy, Stax Records developed a distinctive 1960s soul music sound. The Motown sound from Detroit was not as gritty and horn-based as this one. For many vintage hits by artists including Sam & Dave, Otis Redding, and Wilson Pickett, Booker T. & the M.G.’s were the label’s backing band. Featuring many musicians from Stax Records, the 1980s movie “The Blues Brothers” captured the impact of the label.

强力流行乐和孟菲斯说唱

With well-known bands and musicians including Big Star, Chris Bell, Alex Chilton, and The Scruffs in the field, Memphis also made significant contributions to the power pop movement in the 1970s. As Memphis’s influence reached the rap scene, the city became rather well-known in the 2000s. Prominent rap scene players including Three 6 Mafia, Juicy J, Lil Wyte, 8Ball & MJG, Gangsta Boo, Project Pat, Young Dolph, Yo Gotti, NLE Choppa, Moneybagg Yo, GloRilla, and Pooh Shiesty have had a worldwide influence on the genre.

著名歌手和表演

Among the many great vocalists Memphis has produced are Justin Timberlake, K. Michelle, Kirk Whalum, Ruth Welting, Kid Memphis, Kallen Esperian, Julien Baker, and Andrew VanWyngarden. The first trip of Memphis by the Metropolitan Opera of New York took place 1906. Though the company now only visits bigger cities, its performances are shown in high definition at nearby movie theaters, so maintaining Memphis’s operatic legacy.

孟菲斯的艺术场景

孟菲斯以其丰富的音乐遗产而闻名，同时也是快速发展的视觉艺术中心。除了历史悠久的布鲁克斯博物馆和迪克森画廊及花园外，这座城市还拥有两个充满活力、独具特色、魅力十足的艺术区。

南主艺术区

Nestled in the southernmost part of downtown, the South Main Arts District has undergone remarkable change during the past twenty years. Originally noted for its brothels and juke joints, the neighborhood has developed into a vibrant, gentrified space. Particularly during “Trolley Night,” a monthly event allowing art lovers to stroll the streets, enjoy performances by fire spinners and DJs, and investigate specialized stores and galleries, the district is now ablaze. Thanks to its vibrant environment, the South Main Arts District is a must-visit for anyone looking to really absorb Memphis’s creative life. Located close by and adding a venue for experimental and creative art, the artist-run Medicine Factory helps to enhance the artistic appeal of the district.

布罗德大道艺术区

Another area that has seen significant renewal in Memphis is Broad Avenue, an east-west road. This area has grown to be a creative and energetic center as craft and visual artists have set homes and businesses here. By planning intimate events in his residence featuring the works of local students and professional artists, a Rhodes College art professor adds to this vibrant scene. Odessa, another well-known art venue on Broad Avenue, regularly hosts local electronic music events and student art displays, so augmenting the cultural scene of the district. For semi-annual art walks, the community gathers to see the opening of new gallery locations honoring Memphis artists’ varied talents.

非商业艺术空间

Many non-commercial visual arts groups and venues vital to Memphis’s creative ecology also call Memphis home. Local painter Pinkney Herbert founded Marshall Arts, a gallery serving as an inspiration. This gallery is on Marshall Avenue, right next to the famous Sun Studios. It is a member of an arts neighborhood known for its reasonably priced rent, which makes it easily reachable for new artists. Marshall Arts and like venues provide artists with priceless venues to show their work, so fostering a cooperative and encouraging community.

孟菲斯的体育赛事

除了音乐和文化遗产，孟菲斯还拥有充满活力的体育赛事，不仅吸引着当地人，也吸引着游客。职业篮球、小联盟棒球、大学体育和历史悠久的摔跤只是孟菲斯众多体育赛事和传统习俗中的一小部分。

孟菲斯灰熊队：NBA的骄傲

Memphis’s sports scene now revolves mostly on the Memphis Grizzlies, the city’s sole representative in one of the “big four” major sports leagues. The fervent fan base of the National Basketball Association (NBA) team The Grizzlies brings to the FedExForum at every home game. The team’s presence in Memphis not only brings top-notional basketball to the city but also encourages pride and community among its citizens.

孟菲斯红雀队：棒球传统

A well-known presence in the baseball scene are the Memphis Redbirds. Triple-A East affiliate of the St. Louis Cardinals, the Redbirds provide thrill of Minor League Baseball to their supporters. Families and friends gather at AutoZone Park, their residence stadium, to enjoy America’s national pastime. The games of The Redbirds offer the perfect mix of competitive sports and family-friendly entertainment.

孟菲斯901足球俱乐部：足球界的新星

Soccer fans in Memphis now call Memphis 901 FC, a professional team competing in the USL Championship division, home. Playing their home games at AutoZone Park, the same venue as the Redbirds, Memphis 901 FC has become quickly a major player in the league. The team’s games, which draw eager audiences and create a vibrant atmosphere, are evidence of soccer’s growing appeal in the United States.

孟菲斯大学老虎队：卓越的传承

Particularly the college basketball team, Memphis Tigers are much loved by Memphians. Having three separate NCAA Final Four entries (1973, 1985, 2008), the Tigers have a long and illustrious history of competitive success. The later two visits were later canceled, though. Under coach Penny Hardaway’s direction, the team keeps on its quest of excellence. An other evidence of the university’s influence on the sports scene of the city is Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium, which hosts the Liberty Bowl, the Southern Heritage Classic, and University of Memphis football.

高尔夫和网球：年度亮点

Memphis also excels in the fields of tennis and golf. Considered a regular event on the PGA Tour, the annual St. Jude Classic brings top golfers from all around to play in the city. Moreover, Memphis hosts the Cellular South Cup and the Regions Morgan Keegan Championships, two prestigious events in the men’s ATP World Tour 500 series and WTA, respectively, every February. These events give Memphis’s sports calendar a bit of international flair.

职业摔跤：传奇历史

Memphis is the birthplace of legends like Jerry “The King” Lawler and Jimmy “The Mouth of the South,” thus the city has had a significant influence on the professional wrestling business. Using his platform to oppose segregation, 1950s wrestler Sputnik Monroe was instrumental in advancing racial integration in Memphis. Another legendary wrestler, Ric Flair, has connections to the city, so reinforcing Memphis’s importance in wrestling history.

足球梦想与赛车传奇

Former WFL team the Memphis Grizzlies became well-known in the 1970s and early 1980s by suing the NFL in an attempt to get approval as an expansion team. Though the effort failed, it highlighted the city’s desire to develop as a professional football city. In 1993, the projected NFL expansion team, Memphis Hound Dogs, was passed by the Jacksonville Jaguars and Carolina Panthers. Even with these challenges, Memphis’s football energy is still strong. While Nashville fixes stadium problems, the former Tennessee Oilers—now the Titans—find temporary residence at Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium.

From 1998 to 2009, Memphis International Raceway also hosted NASCAR events before closing under Dover Motorsports. 2011 saw the racetrack reopened under fresh ownership. While NASCAR events are no longer hosted there, the Arca Menards Series returned to the racetrack in 2020 so preserving the racetrack’s legacy in motorsports.

前往孟菲斯

The Mississippi River and the state of Arkansas to the west and the state of Mississippi to the south round Memphis, a southernmost point of Tennessee. Memphis’s strategic location makes it a handy place reachable by many kinds of transportation.

乘飞机

孟菲斯国际机场 (MEM) 是航空旅客的主要门户。该机场提供多家主要航空公司的一系列航班：

• 忠实航空：奥斯汀、劳德代尔堡、拉斯维加斯、奥兰多/桑福德
• 美国航空：夏洛特、芝加哥奥黑尔、达拉斯沃斯堡、迈阿密、纽约拉瓜迪亚机场、费城、华盛顿国家机场
• 达美航空：亚特兰大、坎昆、辛辛那提、底特律、拉斯维加斯、洛杉矶、明尼阿波利斯/圣保罗、纽约拉瓜迪亚机场、奥兰多、盐湖城
• 边疆航空：丹佛、华盛顿杜勒斯
• 南方航空快运：佛罗里达州德斯坦、阿肯色州哈里森、密苏里州杰克逊和纳什维尔
• 西南航空：奥斯汀、巴尔的摩、芝加哥-米德韦、达拉斯-洛夫、休斯顿-霍比、奥兰多、坦帕
• 美国联合航空：芝加哥奥黑尔机场、丹佛机场、休斯顿洲际机场、纽瓦克机场

自驾

驾车前往孟菲斯十分便捷，有几条主要高速公路可到达：

• 40号州际公路（I-40）：虽然它不直接穿过孟菲斯，但您可以使用北环路（I-40）或南环路（I-240），后者是孟菲斯的环城公路。
• 55号州际公路（I-55）：这条高速公路可直达市区。无论从哪个方向，从河滨大道 (Riverside Drive) 出口驶出，几分钟内即可到达比尔街 (Beale Street)。
• 美国 78 号公路（US 78）：这条路线起源于阿拉巴马州，穿过密西西比州，终点是孟菲斯。

孟菲斯的停车通常免费，市中心除外。市中心的联合大道 (Union Avenue) 或前街 (Front Street) 的停车场收费约为每小时 2 美元或每天 7 美元。在联邦快递球馆 (FedEx Forum)、比尔街 (Beale Street) 或汽车地带公园 (AutoZone Park) 举办活动期间，停车费可能会上涨。

步行或骑自行车

对于从阿肯色州西孟菲斯出发的游客来说，哈拉汉大桥提供了一条人行道和自行车道，是一条进入城市的风景路线。

乘火车

美铁的“新奥尔良城际列车”沿密西西比河运行，连接芝加哥和新奥尔良，并在孟菲斯设有站点。孟菲斯中央车站位于市中心南侧的南大街，是该市的主要火车站。

搭乘巴士

有几条巴士线路连接孟菲斯和其他城市：

• 三角洲巴士线路：该线路从位于 3033 Airways Blvd 的灰狗巴士站出发，沿美国 278 号高速公路向南行驶至密西西比州克利夫兰，并可连接密西西比州的其他目的地和路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日。
• 灰狗: Also located at 3033 Airways Blvd, Greyhound offers routes primarily along Interstate 22/US Hwy 78 (Memphis – Tupelo – Birmingham AL), I-40 (Oklahoma City – Little Rock – Memphis – Nashville), and I-55 (St Louis – Memphis and Memphis – Baton Rouge). Passengers can transfer buses in major cities like Birmingham, Baton Rouge, Chicago, Dallas-Ft Worth, St Louis, Nashville, or Oklahoma City.
• Turimex国际：该线路在 Raleigh LaGrange 路的 El Rancherito 市场设有巴士站和售票处，连接孟菲斯和芝加哥、小石城和达拉斯，并可进一步连接美国和墨西哥的其他目的地。

孟菲斯的交通方式

在孟菲斯驾驶

Particularly if you want to see outside of Memphis’s downtown, driving is usually the most practical way to get around. The city is set east-west, and main roads are mostly running in these directions. The expressway helps the flow between different areas by cutting straight through the city.

On the western side of the city, Downtown Memphis is perched on top of the bluffs offering a broad perspective of the Mississippi River. This area is not like West Memphis, a town across the river in Arkansas. As you travel east from downtown, Midtown—a quaint and varied part of the city sometimes referred to as Memphis’s “heart”—will cross your path. East Memphis, Germantown, Collierville, Cordova, and Bartlett are the next suburbs, eastward. The area between downtown and Midtown, sometimes known as “Crosstown,” is under effort to be revitalized. The intention is to create an artist community, sometimes referred to as “the Edge.” Still, the main art district still resides on South Main.

公共交通

虽然开车是最有效的出行方式，但孟菲斯也提供公共交通选择：

• 主街电车：这条有轨电车沿着市中心的主街行驶，为您提供一种怀旧而又风景优美的方式来探索城市中心。
• 孟菲斯地区交通管理局（MATA）：MATA 提供覆盖全市的巴士服务。然而，部分线路晚间班次较少，且部分巴士在夜间和周末的路线有所不同，这可能会让游客感到困惑。

步行或骑自行车

对于想要步行或骑行探索的游客，孟菲斯提供了一系列风景如画的路径。例如，哈拉汉大桥（Harahan Bridge）可以欣赏到密西西比河的壮丽景色，同时也是连接阿肯色州西孟菲斯和市区的步行和自行车道。

孟菲斯的景点

雅园：猫王埃尔维斯·普雷斯利的标志性故居

Former home of Elvis Presley, Graceland is evidence of the life and legacy of the King of Rock ‘n’ Roll. Second only to the White House, this 13.8-acre estate in Memphis, Tennessee, has become among the most visited private homes in the United States.

历史概述

1957年，埃尔维斯以10.25万美元的价格买下了雅园，这在当时是一笔巨款。这座殖民风格的豪宅最初设计于1939年，以原主人的姑妈格蕾丝·图夫的名字命名。多年来，埃尔维斯通过缓慢的扩建和个人风格的融入，将这处庄园打造成了他个人风格和个性的缩影。

探索宅邸

Graceland guests can visit the mansion and its many rooms, each of which offers a fascinating window into Elvis’s life. Particularly well-known for its indoor waterfall, green shag carpeting, and Polynesian-style décor is the Jungle Room. While the Meditation Garden is the last resting place of Elvis and several family members, Elvis also used this room as a recording studio, where he recorded several of his last albums. The Trophy Building displays Elvis’s many accolades.

豪宅之外

Graceland is a whole tribute to Elvis’s career and influence, not only a mansion. From his classic cars to gold records to jeweled jumpsuits, Elvis’s estate features a vast collection of his memorabilia. Immersion interactive exhibits let guests live and work with Elvis.

参观雅园

The Guest House at Graceland, a AAA Four-Diamond resort hotel, is also situated on the estate and provides guests with a first-rate stay. The public is welcome to visit Graceland at any time and the estate hosts special events to honor important dates including Elvis’s birthday and the anniversary of his death. Particularly during busy times, those who are planning a visit should check the schedule and reserve tickets in advance.

太阳工作室：摇滚乐的诞生地

In the annals of music, Memphis, Tennessee-based Sun Studio is a venerable institution. Often referred to as the “birthplace of rock ‘n’ roll,” this legendary studio records Elvis Presley’s first songs, so launching a musical revolution.

历史性的开端

Elvis Presley, a young man, paid $3.98 to record two songs— “My Happiness” and “That’s When Your Heartaches Begin”—into the Memphis Recording Service at Sun Studio on July 18, 1953. His mother received these first recordings as a gift, but they also marked a major turning point in his career since they drew the attention of Sam Phillips, the owner of Sun Studio.

第一批录音

July 5, 1954 marks Elvis’ first commercial recording session at Sun Studio. During a session break, Elvis started playing an up-tempo version of Arthur Crudup’s “That’s All Right.” Recognizing the possibilities in this new sound, Sam Phillips asked Elvis, guitarist Scotty Moore, and bassist Bill Black to return the performance. From this tape, Sun Records issued Elvis’s first single, “That’s All Right.” The song’s popularity set Elvis on a fast climb to glory and helped rock ‘n’ roll to take off.

太阳工作室的遗产

Sun Studio has broad influence outside of Elvis Presley. Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, and Roy Orbison also recorded at this site; the unique sound of the studio, distinguished by its “slap-back” echo, became a defining quality of early rock ‘n. roll notes.

Sun Studio is still a popular tourist spot since it offers guided trips allowing guests to relive the magic of the rock ‘n’ roll birthplace. The studio has kept a lot of its original furniture and equipment, so providing a real view of the early years of rock music.

斯塔克斯美国灵魂乐博物馆：向灵魂乐传奇致敬

位于田纳西州孟菲斯的斯塔克斯美国灵魂乐博物馆，致力于弘扬灵魂乐的丰富遗产以及塑造其历史的音乐家。博物馆坐落在斯塔克斯唱片公司原址，为参观者提供身临其境的灵魂乐黄金时代的体验。

灵魂的诞生地

吉姆·斯图尔特和埃斯特尔·阿克斯顿于1957年创立了斯塔克斯唱片公司（Stax Records），并很快便在音乐界占据了举足轻重的地位，他们制作的都是灵魂乐风格的热门歌曲。奥蒂斯·雷丁、艾萨克·海耶斯、史泰博合唱团（The Staple Singers）和布克·T·库克（Booker T. Kucker）等著名音乐家都曾效力于这家唱片公司。为了纪念这一辉煌，斯塔克斯博物馆（Stax Museum）旨在全面研究这些音乐家和艺术家的背景及其影响力。

展览和收藏

吉姆·斯图尔特和埃斯特尔·阿克斯顿于1957年创立了斯塔克斯唱片公司（Stax Records），并很快便在音乐界占据了举足轻重的地位，他们制作的都是灵魂乐风格的热门歌曲。奥蒂斯·雷丁、艾萨克·海耶斯、史泰博合唱团（The Staple Singers）和布克·T·库克（Booker T. Kucker）等著名音乐家都曾效力于这家唱片公司。为了纪念这一辉煌，斯塔克斯博物馆（Stax Museum）旨在全面研究这些音乐家和艺术家的背景及其影响力。

互动体验

One of the most interesting aspects of the museum are its interactive exhibits, which let guests practically engage with Stax Records’ music and legacy. The museum offers an immersive experience with listening stations where guests may hear vintage tracks and exhibits offering a thorough record of the recording process. Movies and documentaries show the social and cultural impact of soul music in the 1960s and 1970s, so providing extra background.

教育项目和活动

斯塔克斯博物馆积极与社区互动，策划各种活动和教育项目，使其意义超越了单纯的收藏历史文物。博物馆是一个充满活力的文化互动和教育中心，定期举办音乐会、讲座和工作坊。这些项目旨在激励和教育下一代，让他们了解灵魂乐的价值及其持续的影响力。

孟菲斯摇滚灵魂博物馆：纪念音乐先驱

A cornerstone of Memphis’s rich musical legacy, the Memphis Rock ‘n’ Soul Museum is housed at 191 Beale Street. This museum was founded by the Smithsonian Institution to tell the gripping story of the musical pioneers who overcame socioeconomic and racial barriers to create music transforming the globe.

音乐史之旅

A cornerstone of Memphis’s rich musical legacy, the Memphis Rock ‘n’ Soul Museum is housed at 191 Beale Street. This museum was founded by the Smithsonian Institution to tell the gripping story of the musical pioneers who overcame socioeconomic and racial barriers to create music transforming the globe.

展品和亮点

The Memphis Rock “n’ Soul Museum consists of seven galleries loaded with interactive displays, images, and relics. These displays provide a thorough look at the lives and careers of eminent musicians, including B.B. Crown. King; Elvis Presley; Otis Redding. One of the most remarkable displays in the museum is its original recording equipment, which gave these musicians a physical link to the sources of the music.

互动体验

Visitors have a wide range of interactive activities at hand, including listening stations where they may listen to vintage tracks and view documentaries offering background for the cultural relevance of the music. To offer a personal view of the artists’ life and careers, the museum also boasts a large collection of personal objects, tools, and costumes from them.

位置和可达性

博物馆位于孟菲斯市中心，地理位置优越，坐落于比尔街 (Beale Street) 和 BB King 大道 (BB King Avenue) 的交汇处，毗邻联邦快递球馆 (FedExForum) 体育娱乐中心。由于居民和游客均可轻松抵达这一黄金地段，因此它为探索孟菲斯活力四射的音乐氛围的人们提供了一个便捷的落脚点。

洛林汽车旅馆的国家民权博物馆：历史与希望的灯塔

The National Civil Rights Museum, which is housed at Memphis, Tennessee’s venerable Lorraine Motel, is a potent reminder of the American Civil Rights Movement Built on the site of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s murder on April 4, 1968, this museum offers a rich and instructive experience tracing the American civil rights movement.

历史地标

Built in the 1920s and later enlarged in the 1950s, the Lorraine Motel was one of the few hotels in Memphis allowing African-American patrons during the segregation era. Following the preservation and reuse of the motel, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s fatal shooting occurred on the building’s balcony and became a legendary event in the annals of civil rights. The National Civil Rights Museum was founded in 1991.

展览和收藏

From the earliest days of slavery to the modern civil rights movements, the museum’s collections span five centuries. Visitors have the chance to explore a wide range of interactive exhibits, records, and relics that powerfully depict the stories of people who promoted justice and equality. Among the main exhibits are a replica of the bus Rosa Parks stood on, the original lunch counter from the Greensboro sit-ins, and the room Dr. King spent his last hours in.

互动和教育体验

国家民权博物馆通过互动展览和多媒体演示，为参观者带来引人入胜的体验。参观者可以观看涵盖民权运动重要事件的电影，参与强调持续不断的民权斗争的互动展览，并聆听活动人士的口述历史。博物馆的设计确保每位参观者都能亲身体验民权运动的遗产。

社区和全球影响

除了作为博物馆的使命之外，国家民权博物馆还致力于激发社会变革。它组织了一系列教学课程、研讨会和活动，旨在激励参观者继续在促进正义与平等的道路上前行。由于该博物馆在全球范围内与其他机构和组织合作，致力于解决现代人权问题，因此它是全球民权辩论的重要组成部分。

孟菲斯动物园：孟菲斯市中心的野生动物仙境

孟菲斯动物园自 1906 年开放以来，一直是中城奥弗顿公园备受游客喜爱的景点。这座占地 70 英亩的动物园拥有 500 多个物种，超过 3,500 只动物，是野生动物的活跃天堂，也是保护和教育中心。

丰富的历史

Rich history of the Memphis Zoo clearly shows its commitment to public education and species preservation. Over the years, it has developed and grown constantly improving its facilities and displays to provide a more rich experience for the guests as well as the animals. The zoo’s dedication to the protection of animals and the creation of exciting events is on full show in every angle of this huge park.

展览和景点

动物园分为多个主题区域，每个区域都提供独特的视角，让您一睹不同的栖息地和生态系统。亮点包括：

• 提顿徒步旅行：黄石国家公园的绝妙再现，有灰熊、麋鹿和森林狼。
• 赞比西河河马营：这里是河马、尼罗河鳄鱼和各种非洲鸟类的家园，让游客可以身临其境地体验非洲河流生态系统。
• 中国展区：该地区以大熊猫雅雅和乐乐而闻名，它们一直是保护和文化交流的大使。
• 猫之国：这个展览深受游客喜爱，在模拟自然栖息地的环境中展示了狮子、老虎和豹子等大型猫科动物。

保护工作

孟菲斯动物园不仅是娱乐场所，它对全球动物保护运动也至关重要。动物园致力于保护濒危物种和维护生物多样性，其保护工作涵盖苏门答腊虎、路易斯安那松蛇和非洲象。

教育项目

孟菲斯动物园的目标主要与教育相关。动物园提供互动展览、饲养员讲座、学校实地考察和夏令营等适合不同年龄段的教育活动。这些项目旨在培养人们对自然世界的更深刻认识，并加深对动物的尊重。

参观动物园

Open year-round, the Memphis Zoo is a great place for families, visitors, and animal lovers. Special events like “Breakfast with Gorillas” and “Zoo Rendezvous” offer unique encounters beyond the standard zoo trip. Online purchase tickets will help you to maximize your visit and speed your access.

谢尔比农场公园：孟菲斯的天然绿洲

谢尔比农场公园是美国最大的城市公园之一，位于田纳西州谢尔比县，孟菲斯以东。它占地4500英亩，绿地丰富，休闲娱乐活动丰富多彩，深受居民和游客的喜爱。

广阔的城市公园

谢尔比农场公园的面积是纽约中央公园的五倍多，为各种户外活动提供了充足的空间。公园内遍布着超过10英里的步道网络，非常适合徒步、骑行和跑步。这些步道蜿蜒穿过各种景观，包括森林、湿地和开阔的田野，为人们提供了远离城市喧嚣的宁静之所。

娱乐活动

该公园是户外运动爱好者的天堂，提供各种各样的活动：

• 骑自行车和徒步旅行：谢尔比农场公园拥有绵延数英里的风景优美的步道，无论是悠闲漫步还是活力四射的徒步，都是理想之选。谢尔比农场绿线是一条长达10.65英里的城市步道，连接着公园和孟菲斯市中心，为骑行者和行人提供了一条风景如画的路线。
• 骑马：公园设有专用马道，让游客可以骑马探索该地区的自然美景。
• 钓鱼和划船：公园内有数个湖泊，鱼类资源丰富，是垂钓爱好者的热门地点。此外，还提供脚踏船、皮划艇和独木舟租赁服务，让您享受宁静的水上时光。
• 游乐场和戏水池：有孩子的家庭会喜欢公园维护良好的游乐场和戏水池，为孩子们提供安全有趣的玩耍环境。
• 狗公园：谢尔比农场公园 (Shelby Farms Park) 允许携带宠物，设有一个大型不拴绳区域，狗狗可以自由奔跑和玩耍。

特别景点

谢尔比农场公园拥有多个独特的景点，可提升游客体验：

• Go Ape 树顶冒险：这个令人兴奋的景点设有高空滑索、绳索课程和树梢障碍，为寻求刺激的人提供令人肾上腺素飙升的冒险体验。
• 谢尔比农场马厩：游客可以跟随导游骑马穿过公园风景优美的小径，以独特的视角欣赏周围的自然环境。
• 第一地平线基金会游客中心：该中心提供公园必需品、礼品和小吃，所得收益将用于公园的维护和发展。

保护与社区

Shelby Farms Park is managed by the nonprofit Shelby Farms Park Conservancy, which is committed to the enhancement of the park’s natural resources. The conservancy depends on the kindness of contributors and volunteers to preserve its landscapes and facilities so ensuring that the park stays a dynamic community treasure.

泥岛密西西比河博物馆：河流历史之旅

Nestled on Mud Island in Memphis, Tennessee, the Mississippi River Museum offers a fascinating view of the Lower Mississippi River Valley’s natural and cultural past. Comprising a part of the greater Mud Island River Park, this museum provides guests with an immersive experience emphasizing the Mississippi River’s significance in American history.

历史概述

Established in 1982, the Mississippi River Museum aims to promote and protect the rich legacy of the river. The museum is housed on 52-acre Mud Island, which is reachable from downtown Memphis by footbridge. Attracted to the museum, which has become a well-known site over the years, visitors fascinated by the river’s cultural and historical relevance have been more and more frequent.

展览和画廊

博物馆设有18个展厅，每个展厅都展现了密西西比河历史的不同侧面。展品涵盖超过5000件文物，讲述了这条河流的故事及其在塑造该地区方面所发挥的作用。亮点包括：

• 内战展览：五个画廊专门展示密西西比河在内战中的作用，展出联合城级装甲炮艇的真人大小复制品、船只模型以及内战制服、野战装备和武器的展示。
• 历史人物：博物馆里摆满了与这条河有关的著名人物的蜡像，如马克·吐温和迈克·芬克，让历史栩栩如生。
• 恐怖剧场：该展览展示了一部关于在河上旅行和生活的危险的纪录片，包括锅炉爆炸和黄热病爆发。
• 音乐史：其中一个画廊专门介绍河上音乐的历史，展示密西西比河对美国音乐的文化影响。

河畔步道

博物馆最常参观的展品之一是五个街区长的密西西比河比例模型，名为“河滨步道”。河滨步道提供了一种独特的体验式方式，让游客了解密西西比河的水文和地理特征。在这个户外展览中，游客可以沿着一条小型河流模型前行，体验复杂的地形和奔腾的水流。

参观博物馆

密西西比河博物馆开放时间为周四至周日，从劳动节到阵亡将士纪念日。博物馆提供丰富的导览和教育活动，是家庭、学校组织和历史爱好者的理想之选。博物馆位于泥岛，坐拥密西西比河和孟菲斯天际线的壮丽景色，提升了游客的整体体验。

孟菲斯的景点

探索比尔街：孟菲斯的心跳

More than just a road, Beale Street, a historic thoroughfare in downtown Memphis, Tennessee, is a vivid emblem of the great cultural variety and musical legacy of the city. From its founding in 1841, Beale Street—which stretches roughly 1.8 miles from the Mississippi River to East Street—has been a major player in Memphis’s history.

历史地标

Originally a bustling commercial area, Beale Street fast developed into a hub for African American business and culture in the late 19th and early 20th century. Among the Black-owned businesses, clubs, and newspapers in the area were Memphis Free Speech—edited by eminent civil rights activist Ida B. Wells—and the Beale Street Baptist Church. Its connection to the roots of the blues helps to emphasize even more the street’s significance. Some performers, including W.C., Handy, the “Father of the Blues,” and revered artists like B.B. Among the most eminent personalities in the blues genre are kings. As King and Memphis Minnie started their remarkable careers on Beale Street, blues music evolved here as its epicenter.

比尔街的复兴

Still, Beale Street saw a significant rebirth in the 1980s despite mid-20th century challenges. It is a vibrant entertainment area today attracting millions of people every year. Along the street, the main attractions are nightclubs, restaurants, museums, and stores, so offering a vibrant nightlife and a consistent flow of live music. Historic music venue The New Daisy Theatre and B.B. King’s Blues Club keeps honors of its namesake alive.

文化体验

Like visiting a living museum, walking down Beale Street is The street, which is a National Historical Landmark, clearly shows its rich past everywhere. W.C.’s is open to tourists. See outdoor events at Handy Park and stop by the Handy Home and Museum honoring the blues founder. Furthermore close by both the Memphis Rock ‘n’ Soul Museum and the Memphis Hall of Fame provide a more complete picture of the musical legacy of the city.

全年庆祝活动

Beale Street is a celebration site as much as a historical site. Among the several events occurring on the street all year long are the International Blues Challenge, New Year’s Eve festivities, and several holiday parades. Traveling to these events, people from all around the world swarm to experience the unique mix of music, history, and culture Beale Street offers.

参观雅园和太阳工作室：音乐史之旅

Two of Memphis, Tennessee’s most famous sites, Graceland and Sun Studio, give visitors a unique viewpoint on the life of one of Elvis Presley, one of the most iconic figures, and the evolution of rock ‘n’ roll.

雅园：猫王埃尔维斯·普雷斯利故居

Among the most often visited attractions in the United States is Graceland, the former home of Elvis Presley. This great estate, 3764 Elvis Presley Boulevard, offers a personal window into the life of the King of Rock ‘n’ Roll. Until his early death in 1977, Graceland, which Elvis bought in 1957, provided a haven. Now it functions as a museum highlighting his life and career path.

Graceland guests can access the many rooms of the estate, each painstakingly kept to mirror Elvis’s varied taste and style. Highlights are the Jungle Room, with exotic décor, and the Trophy Building, which houses an extensive collection of Elvis’s medals, clothes, and memorabilia. The site of Elvis and his family’s funeral, the Meditation Garden offers a peaceful setting for reflection.

Apart from the estate, the Graceland complex includes the Elvis Presley Car Museum displaying his amazing collection of cars and the Elvis: The Entertainer Career Museum, following his rise to stardiness. Along with themed displays, the complex features Elvis’s two custom jets, Lisa Marie and Hound Dog II.

太阳工作室：摇滚乐的诞生地

Another place music lovers have to visit is Sun Studio, which is conveniently close—a short drive from Graceland. Often referred to as the “birthplace of rock ‘n’ roll,” Sam Phillips founded Sun Studio in 1950 and Elvis Presley recorded his first single, “That’s All Right,” in 1954, so launching his illustrious career at this historic recording facility at 706 Union Avenue.

Not only is Elvis not the only famous person connected to Sun Studio. Other great musicians include Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, and B.B. King was also in attendance. Several of their most famous songs are recorded under King’s direction. The studio’s close environment allows visitors to step back in time and enjoy the magic of these old recording sessions.

The guided tours provided by Sun Studio provide amazing insights on the background of the studio and how it shaped the music business. Visitors may view Elvis’s first microphone, listen to outtakes from famous sessions, and even handle the original recording equipment. The studio keeps its reputation as a landmark in the American music scene since it keeps running as an evening recording venue.

密西西比河游船之旅：永恒的冒险

乘船游览密西西比河，是真正领略美国腹地的独特而迷人的方式。这条著名的河流绵延超过2350英里，从明尼苏达州延伸至墨西哥湾，几个世纪以来一直是贸易、文化和历史的重要通道。从繁华的都市到宁静的田园风光，乘船游览让您有机会真正领略密西西比河沿岸丰富多彩的生活。

历史之旅

密西西比河在很大程度上改变了美国。乘船泛舟，您将追寻美洲原住民部落、欧洲探险家和蒸汽船船长们走过的足迹。河岸边遍布着许多拥有独特故事的古老城镇。从新奥尔良充满活力的音乐场景到纳奇兹的南北战争前建筑，乘船巡游将为您带来一场鲜活的历史之旅，让您重温过去。

河船巡游的魅力

密西西比河上的游船之旅以悠闲的节奏和个性化的氛围为特色。与通常需要长途跋涉的海上巡航不同，游船之旅能让您与周围环境不断互动。许多游船的造型都模仿了曾经主宰这条河的经典明轮船，船体本身也向过去致敬。这些游船提供现代化的便利设施，同时又保留了昔日的优雅与魅力。

风景秀丽，野生动物众多

Among the most remarkable aspects of the cruise is the chance to see the Mississippi River area’s amazing natural beauty. The river winds over a wide spectrum of terrain, including the Lower Mississippi’s vast wetlands and bayous as well as the Upper Mississippi’s rolling hills and bluffs. You will have the chance to see a wide range of species along the way including bald eagles, alligators, and herons. The bends of the river expose fresh views as the surroundings change constantly. This offers your trip a beautiful backdrop.

文化与美食

A riverboat cruise is about the destinations as much as it is about the journey. Every port of call offers chances to learn about the regional cuisine and customs. Among the sites in Memphis that let guests delve into the rich musical past of the city are Beale Street and Graceland. Renowned Creole cuisine and energetic jazz bars abound in the vibrant French Quarter of New Orleans. Given the river’s influence on the local cuisine, a cruise presents a wealth of chances to savor local specialties including gumbo in New Orleans and barbecue in Memphis.

在孟菲斯体验蓝调或灵魂音乐会

Every nook and cranny of Memphis, Tennessee is clearly filled with the essence of music. Memphis, the “Home of the Blues” and rock ‘n’ roll birthplace, offers an unmatched musical experience especially for those who want to totally absorb the rich sounds of blues and soul music.

比尔街的心跳

Memphis’s vibrant music scene revolves mostly on Beale Street. Live music events take place every evening at the bars and clubs dotting this old street. Like B.B. Renowned venues where one may see some of the most gifted blues musicians worldwide are Rum Boogie Cafe and King’s Blues Club. On Beale Street, the air is filled with the distinctive sounds of harmonicas and guitars, which provide music lovers an unforgettable encounter. There’s an electric vibe.

标志性场馆和节日

孟菲斯的许多传奇音乐场所对灵魂乐和布鲁斯音乐的发展产生了深远的影响。宏伟的建筑和历史意义非凡的奥菲姆剧院是举办各种音乐会和活动的场所。Hi-Tone 咖啡馆氛围友好，顾客可以近距离欣赏现场音乐，从而获得更个性化的体验。

孟菲斯音乐界最著名的活动之一是每年在兰德斯中心举办的孟菲斯三州蓝调音乐节。这场庆典将一些最著名的蓝调音乐家聚集在一起，举办一整天的活动，致敬蓝调音乐的现代表达方式和深厚的根源。

Stax 的深情之声

Those who value soul music absolutely must visit the Stax Museum of American Soul Music. Built on the original Stax Records location, this museum honors the musicians who helped define the soul music movement. Live events and performances honoring the ongoing legacy of Stax musicians including Otis Redding, Isaac Hayes, and Booker T. are regularly scheduled at the museum. And the MG’s.

难忘之夜

在孟菲斯聆听一场布鲁斯或灵魂乐音乐会，不仅仅是一次郊游，更是一次体验美国音乐核心与历史的夜间之旅。这座城市的场馆和活动丰富多样，既有知名音乐家的表演，也有年轻才俊的表演，确保每一场音乐会都独一无二，令人难忘。

享受孟菲斯烧烤和灵魂食物

Even with Memphis, Tennessee’s reputation for rich musical legacy, the city’s gastronomic scene is equally remarkable. Soul food and barbecue enthusiasts will find the city to be a refuge. Deeply ingrained in Memphis’s history and culture, these two gastronomic customs offer a unique and unforgettable taste sensation.

孟菲斯烧烤：美味传统

孟菲斯经常被亲切地称为“世界烧烤之都”，这并非偶然。这座城市拥有近百家烧烤餐厅，每家餐厅都以不同的方式演绎这道备受喜爱的美食。孟菲斯烧烤的独特之处在于它注重猪肉，尤其是慢炖、完美的手撕猪肉和排骨。通常，肉质会先用干香料调味，烟熏味浓郁，肉质鲜嫩，风味十足，最后用山核桃木熏制而成。

Renowned for its dry-rub ribs, Charlie Vergos’ Rendezvous is a barbecue restaurant in Memphis among the most iconic ones in the city. Another local favorite, Central BBQ offers a varied assortment of smoked meats including pulled pork, brisket, and sausage. Using a special dry rub spice mix and smoke to improve the taste of the meat, BallHoggerz BBQ in Orange Mound presents some of the best pulled pork and ribs available in the city. Those looking for an unusual dining experience will find perfect fit in this venue.

灵魂食物：餐盘上的慰藉

孟菲斯另一项尤为珍视的美食遗产是灵魂美食。这种美食根植于非裔美国人社区，以其饱腹、暖心、风味浓郁、传承悠久而闻名。传统的灵魂美食包括炸鸡、鲶鱼、羽衣甘蓝、奶酪通心粉和玉米面包。

One of Memphis’s most well-known soul food restaurants, The Four Way has been serving excellent food since 1946. The classic dishes of this old restaurant are fried catfish, smothered pork chops, and a wide range of sides including black-eyed peas and yams. Another beloved restaurant Alcenia’s offers delicious cuisine including meatloaf, fried chicken, and sweet potato pie in addition to a friendly atmosphere.

难忘的美食体验

在孟菲斯品尝灵魂美食和烧烤，不仅仅是一顿美餐，更是一次体验这座城市丰富文化底蕴的机会。无论您的口味如何，每一口炸鸡配羽衣甘蓝，或是孟菲斯风味排骨，都蕴含着一段历史、社区以及对美食的热爱。

孟菲斯幽灵之旅：一次令人毛骨悚然的冒险

Memphis, Tennessee, has a rich and legendary past and many tales of the supernatural abound. For those who enjoy a good scare, a ghost tour in Memphis offers an amazing chance to explore the city’s haunting past. Incorporating history, mythology, and a bit of the paranormal, these tours present a unique and exciting experience.

闹鬼的孟菲斯徒步幽灵之旅

Among the most often sought-after ghost tours in Memphis is the Haunted Memphis Walking Ghost Tour. This guided tour will take you across the haunted history-rich South Main Historic District. Professional storytellers lead the tour, which investigates the spooky legends and ghostly tales handed down over decades. Among the sites you’ll visit are the John Alexander Austin House, a Victorian-era mansion haunted by star-crossed lovers, and the Orpheum Theatre, which is haunted by the ghost of “Mary.”

孟菲斯闹鬼历史巴士之旅

For those who would want a more comfortable ride, the Memphis Haunted History Bus Tour offers a terrifying trip across the most haunted sites of the city. This evening trip visits several sites known for their paranormal activity, including the former brothel Ernestine & Hazel’s, thought to be one of Memphis’s most haunted buildings. With stories of ghostly encounters and inexplicable events, the tour provides a thorough investigation of the city’s dubious past.

捉鬼历险记

The Friday Night Ghost Hunt offers the very adventurous a unique experience. Accessible after hours over this two-hour tour is the Victorian-era mansion known for its many spirits, the Woodruff-Fontaine House. Participants can engage in ghost hunting activities including investigating the notorious “Black Room” at Ernestine & Hazel’s. Those who want to take their ghostly experiences to the next level will find great fit on this tour.

惊险刺激之夜

Whether you choose a walking or bus trip, a ghost tour in Memphis is assured to provide an amazing evening of thrills and chills. Combining historical facts with spooky supernatural narratives, these tours offer a unique method of exploring the history of the city. Examining the haunted buildings and poorly lit streets will help you to see Memphis’s rich and mysterious past.