{"id":68451,"date":"2025-11-06T22:00:17","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T22:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/?p=68451"},"modified":"2026-02-24T00:10:05","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T00:10:05","slug":"belgrade-su-that-50-su-that-bat-ngo-ve-serbia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/magazine\/interesting-facts\/belgrade-facts-50-surprising-truths-about-serbia\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 Belgrade: H\u01a1n 50 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 Serbia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Belgrade, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Serbia, chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau c\u1ee7a hai con s\u00f4ng Sava v\u00e0 Danube \u2013 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Pannonian v\u00e0 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Balkan. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi. Khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 7.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tr\u1ea3i qua h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Celt, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n La M\u00e3.&nbsp;<em>Singidunum<\/em>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y nay mang trong m\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh n\u1eb1m s\u00e2u h\u00e0ng m\u00e9t d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng di t\u00edch t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi. Tr\u1ea3i qua bao th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m, Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. T\u00ean g\u1ecdi Serbia c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1&nbsp;<em>Beograd<\/em>&nbsp;ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng\u201d \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade mang trong m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1eafng th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o th\u1eddi Ottoman v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Baroque \u00c1o-Hung, trong khi nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1ecdc l\u00ean b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a th\u00e1p k\u00ednh m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 boongke th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh. Tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i d\u1ea1o r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean r\u1ee3p b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n ven s\u00f4ng h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng khu ch\u1ee3 s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kafana ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea3nh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n n\u00e0y \u2013 gi\u1eefa \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 T\u00e2y, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho Belgrade danh ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u201cn\u01a1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi giao thoa\u201d, gi\u00e0u di s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 s\u1ebd h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng di t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1edfi h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Belgrade bao nhi\u00eau tu\u1ed5i? Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 7.000 n\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Belgrade b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed. V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Danube cho th\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vin\u010da th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 m\u1edbi (kho\u1ea3ng 5500\u20134500 TCN) \u2013 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt t\u1eeb Vin\u010da \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Theo thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. V\u00e0o thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t TCN, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c Celtic, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scordisci, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i mang t\u00ean&nbsp;<em>Singidun<\/em>&nbsp;trong khu v\u1ef1c (t\u00ean&nbsp;<em>Singidunum<\/em>&nbsp;sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n La M\u00e3 h\u00f3a). Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean d\u00e3y n\u00fai Kalemegdan ng\u00e0y nay) sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb La M\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef v\u00e0o n\u0103m 34\u201333 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb La M\u00e3 v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 2 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, Singidunum \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n quan tr\u1ecdng ven s\u00f4ng Danube \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Legio IV Flavia b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Sava.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bl\u00e0n s\u00f3ng di c\u01b0. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cai tr\u1ecb Byzantine, Slav v\u00e0 Magyar l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u01a1i n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 878 SCN, m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Slav t\u00ean l\u00e0 Beograd (\u201cTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng\u201d) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng John VIII. Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 ti\u1ebfp theo, Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Bulgaria, Byzantium, V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Hungary, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Serbia. N\u0103m 1405, n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf Serbia, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m qu\u1ed1c gia. Vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khi Serbia hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp: sau khi Serbia gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1841. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Belgrade v\u1eabn l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Serbia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o r\u1eb1ng &#034;Belgrade c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 7.000 n\u0103m&#034;. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 Paris hay London h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 7.000 n\u0103m. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Belgrade \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u01a1n 15 c\u00e1i t\u00ean qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Belgrade \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ngay c\u1ea3 trong v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#034;th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1eafng&#034; ho\u1eb7c &#034;ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i tr\u1eafng&#034;. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Beograd trong ti\u1ebfng Slav l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng<\/em>&nbsp;(\u201ctr\u1eafng\u201d) v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p<\/em>&nbsp;(\u201cth\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i\u201d), v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 878 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 Latinh h\u00f3a&nbsp;<em>Singidunum<\/em>, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb sau n\u00e0y, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t &#034;tr\u1eafng&#034; c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p Byzantine g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Velegradhon<\/em>&nbsp;(c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#034;th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1eafng l\u1edbn&#034;), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau&nbsp;<em>Alba Hy L\u1ea1p<\/em>&nbsp;ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<em>Hy L\u1ea1p-Whiteenburg<\/em>, theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u201cL\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p\u201d, khi n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a Byzantine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hungary th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 g\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 N\u00e1ndorfeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r \u2013 trong \u0111\u00f3 feh\u00e9rv\u00e1r l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i tr\u1eafng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cN\u00e1ndor\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Bulgaria, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Bulgaria. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 Ottoman g\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 Belgrat, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u00ean Slav\u01a1 (\u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch trong c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfng \u1ea2 R\u1eadp l\u00e0 Dar al-Jihad, \u201cNg\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh\u201d). Ngay c\u1ea3 trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean: \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Prinz-Eugenstadt theo t\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0 Habsburg, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec. Trong su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cth\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1eafng\u201d v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ghi ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Wikipedia, \u201cBelgrade \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 &#039;th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1eafng&#039;\u201d. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a: Celtic, La M\u00e3, Slav\u01a1, Ottoman, \u00c1o-Hung, v.v. \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u2013 ngay c\u1ea3 trong ch\u00ednh t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u0103n h\u00f3a Vin\u010da: C\u1ed5 h\u01a1n L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Belgrade l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vin\u010da th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 5500\u20134500 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ngay ph\u00eda nam th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c khai qu\u1eadt g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y xung quanh Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh g\u1ed1m Vin\u010da v\u00e0 t\u00e0n t\u00edch khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0, tinh vi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m Vin\u010da g\u1ea7n Belgrade c\u00f2n c\u1ed5 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed du l\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Belgrade t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o r\u1eb1ng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 c\u0169, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 7.000 n\u0103m n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn Belgrade tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh &#034;m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u&#034;. Nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 n\u00e0y - c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, l\u00f2 s\u01b0\u1edfi c\u1ed5 - n\u1eb1m ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Belgrade c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serbia h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf Belgrade v\u1eabn c\u00f2n g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 di ch\u1ec9 cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 8.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc), nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Vin\u010da l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng s\u01a1 khai \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. N\u00f3 cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb vua chinh ph\u1ee5c l\u1eebng danh trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng Danube \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 chung l\u1edbn v\u00e0 giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c xa x\u00f4i. Du kh\u00e1ch quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn Belgrade c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vin\u010da trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Narodni Muzej). Theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, Belgrade hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed: m\u1ed7i khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0o b\u1edbi trong l\u00f5i c\u0169, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang khai qu\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb Singidunum \u0111\u1ebfn Beograd: Di s\u1ea3n La M\u00e3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Celt thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c Scordisci \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cao, n\u01a1i ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Kalemegdan. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng chinh ph\u1ee5c n\u01a1i n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00ea d\u01b0\u01a1ng Singidunum. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 2, Singidunum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb La M\u00e3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi s\u00f4ng Danube c\u1ee7a Rome. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 Belgrade. Ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111i b\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh Kalemegdan, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u00ean t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 ti\u1ebfp theo, sau khi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c La M\u00e3 suy y\u1ebfu, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd m\u1ea5t \u0111i. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Byzantine, Bulgaria hay Hungary, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m khu v\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i m\u1ed7i khi qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi&nbsp;<em>Belgrade<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 878 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean \u2013 g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i t\u1eebng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1&nbsp;<em>li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/em>&nbsp;trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Belgrade, th\u1eddi La M\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng trong b\u1ed9 s\u1eed thi 7.000 n\u0103m. Belgrade ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn t\u00f4n k\u00ednh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a La M\u00e3: c\u00e1i t\u00ean Singidunum \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in tr\u00ean huy hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt th\u1eddi La M\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1i sao Belgrade \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a Beograd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn Belgrade \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u201cTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng\u201d. T\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Serbia&nbsp;<em>Beograd<\/em>&nbsp;(ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<em>Beograd<\/em>&nbsp;trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 Nam Slav) xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb&nbsp;<em>c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#034;tr\u1eafng&#034; v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#034;th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n&#034; ho\u1eb7c &#034;ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i&#034;. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i t\u00ean g\u1ecdi &#034;Beli Grad&#034; l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng John VIII \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 878, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean Slav\u01a1 cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. C\u00e1c s\u1eed gia th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i t\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u00ec m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i nh\u00ecn ra s\u00f4ng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, Belgrade l\u00e0 &#034;th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i (tr\u1eafng) s\u00e1ng&#034; ngay t\u1eeb khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng? B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y n\u00fai ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean Belgrade l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ebfn kinh ng\u1ea1c. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5, nh\u1eefng l\u1eef kh\u00e1ch tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng Danube \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, \u201cM\u00e0u tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, n\u01a1i t\u00f2a th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eeb xa, v\u00ec v\u1eady khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Beli Grad (&#039;Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng&#039;)\u201d. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3 (t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ta\u0161majdan) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eafng mu\u1ed1t. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a \u0111en di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfng Latinh, Belgrade \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Belgrade<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>Alba Hy L\u1ea1p<\/em>, ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<em>Bungari tr\u1eafng<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cTr\u1eafng\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cS\u00e1ng\u201d trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau:&nbsp;<em>Beograd<\/em>&nbsp;t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean b\u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo t\u00ean \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Belgrade th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Kalemegdan, m\u1ed9t cao nguy\u00ean ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u Danube-Sava. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i La M\u00e3 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0, ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng, s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n \u0111i qua c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng &#034;ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i tr\u1eafng Ta\u0161majdan&#034; v\u00e0o th\u1eddi La M\u00e3. Ngay c\u1ea3 sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 xung \u0111\u1ed9t, lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 (nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e0o m\u00f2n theo th\u1eddi gian) v\u1eabn mang l\u1ea1i cho Kalemegdan v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i c\u00e1c th\u01b0 k\u00fd Slav ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 &#034;Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng&#034; (Beli Grad). M\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ghi l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Slav th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y &#034;m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3&#034; v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1i t\u00ean Beli Grad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5, t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh Kalemegdan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Du kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15 v\u00e0 16 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eefa. Ngay c\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ottoman, c\u00e1i t\u00ean Belgrad (hay Beyo\u011flu trong ti\u1ebfng Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ph\u1ed1 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u1ede Belgrade hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Kalemegdan v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean cao nguy\u00ean n\u00e0y. Du kh\u00e1ch \u0111i d\u1ea1o tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh - di t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ban \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, &#034;ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i tr\u1eafng&#034; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3: m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xung quanh m\u1ed9t l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i tr\u1eafng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb xung \u0111\u1ed9t: Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Belgrade<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Belgrade \u2013 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1i ng\u00e3 ba s\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Balkan \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. \u0110\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n thay, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y, chinh ph\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c giao tranh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 115 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn Belgrade, v\u00e0 theo m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb san ph\u1eb3ng 44 l\u1ea7n. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i, mang bi\u1ec7t danh &#034;Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng Tr\u1eafng&#034;. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1m tuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a UNESCO \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1ng tro t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u2013 theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Danh s\u00e1ch d\u00e0i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u1eebng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1521, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ottoman \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Belgrade sau m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c bao v\u00e2y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i; n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ottoman cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1867. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 Habsburg \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng: v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1688 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1717, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Belgrade, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd (t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Pobednik ng\u00e0y nay n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i th\u1eddi Habsburg nh\u01b0 v\u1eady). T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 45 cu\u1ed9c bao v\u00e2y ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1427 \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c giao tranh gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi Bulgaria, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hungary, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serbia, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3. Ngay c\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Napoleon c\u0169ng h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n qua th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft s\u1eb9o - t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd - nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 lu\u00f4n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, Belgrade c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua chi\u1ebfn tranh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn I, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb n\u00e9m bom (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1914\u20131915) khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Serbia v\u00e0 \u00c1o-Hung giao tranh \u1edf Balkan. Trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m bom Belgrade t\u1eeb tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1941, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1944, kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh cho r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i 50\u201352%), bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1. S\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 c\u00f2n ghi ch\u00e9p th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eefa. N\u0103m 1999, trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Kosovo, NATO \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u00e9m bom Serbia. Belgrade li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng; c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng: t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Ph\u00e1t thanh Truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Serbia (RTS), m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 bi th\u1ea3m h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c (do l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb). T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1999. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5: m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n b\u1ecb bom ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i (\u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho c\u00e1c boongke ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Belgrade \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 &#034;lu\u00f4n h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c&#034;. M\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u0169ng mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Kalemegdan c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac Ottoman, \u00c1o v\u00e0 Serbia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng song song. C\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc l\u00ean tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Belgrade \u2013 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng La M\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u2013 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho Belgrade m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng: n\u00f3 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ef3 quan \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u01a1i hai con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn g\u1eb7p nhau: S\u00f4ng Danube v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng Sava h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Belgrade l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m ngay t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau gi\u1eefa s\u00f4ng Sava (ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb ph\u00eda t\u00e2y) v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng Danube (ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc). Ng\u00e3 ba n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng: ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn khu v\u1ef1c Balkan \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 Bi\u1ec3n \u0110en. Nh\u1eefng v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 cao ch\u00f3t v\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Kalemegdan v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean tr\u00ean n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u n\u00e0y, v\u1eeba mang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn bao qu\u00e1t v\u1eeba l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00e0y). Ng\u00e0y nay, quang c\u1ea3nh t\u1eeb ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng - ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn qua d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Danube r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i Chi\u1ebfn xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i \u1edf m\u0169i b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Sava h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 T\u00e2n Belgrade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Belgrade n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao kho\u1ea3ng 116 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y xuy\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c2u li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch. Ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n du l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u0111i du thuy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi Ba C\u00e2y C\u1ea7u (Gazela, C\u1ea7u Sava C\u1ed5 v\u00e0 C\u1ea7u Ada) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2u c\u00e1 d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd k\u00e8 Zemun v\u00e0 Dor\u0107ol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">16 \u0111\u1ea3o s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Belgrade: Thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1edd h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a hai con s\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, Belgrade \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf - t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ea3o theo ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ea3o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Ada Ciganlija, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng Sava nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#034;b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o&#034; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng hai c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadp. Ada Ciganlija v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 khu ngh\u1ec9 m\u00e1t b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Belgrade: n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, 7 km b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 r\u1eebng c\u00e2y. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi (th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n m\u00f9a h\u00e8) t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i, ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n kayak, ch\u01a1i tennis ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecbt b\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecu m\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec7t danh cho Ada l\u00e0 &#034;Bi\u1ec3n Belgrade&#034; v\u00ec s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i Chi\u1ebfn (Veliko ratno ostrvo), n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda s\u00f4ng Danube, g\u1ea7n ng\u00e3 ba Kalemegdan. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh r\u1eebng hoang d\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau chim th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eafm di\u1ec7c, chim nh\u1ea1n bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u1ecbt di c\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam v\u1ebb hoang s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y. Ngo\u00e0i Ada v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Chi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Ada Me\u0111ica (m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00f3 r\u1eebng r\u1eadm \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n Ada Ciganlija) v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i c\u00e1t nh\u1ecf th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed3i co l\u1ea1i theo m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng, Belgrade t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u00f3 200 km b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1o b\u1ed9. D\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u00ean thuy\u1ec1n (\u201csplavovi\u201d), b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u c\u00e2u c\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i tr\u1ebb em. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, khi s\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng, ranh gi\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0nh \u0111ai xanh c\u1ee7a Belgrade. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 (c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ea3ng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y xay x\u00e1t ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, v.v.) m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i cho Belgrade m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ada Ciganlija: B\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n Belgrade<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, Ada Ciganlija \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u010cukarica, Ada tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 8 km\u00b2 \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed. \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed9ng 700 m x 6,3 km \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8. Nh\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sinh th\u00e1i, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1ec7 sinh. C\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch tr\u00ean Ada bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e2n b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n d\u00e0nh cho xe \u0111\u1ea1p, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 c\u00e1p treo tr\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i \u0111i d\u1ea1o s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo h\u1ed3, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 m\u1edf c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn b\u00ecnh minh. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Belgrade \u0111\u00f3n h\u01a1n 200.000 l\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00e1ch t\u1eafm bi\u1ec3n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ada v\u00e0o m\u00f9a cao \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, Ada mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ven bi\u1ec3n thu nh\u1ecf. C\u00e2y c\u1ed1i che b\u00f3ng cho gh\u1ebf t\u1eafm n\u1eafng, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 tu\u1ea7n tra b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1edbm v\u1edbi gi\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n d\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec7t danh &#034;More Beograda&#034; (Bi\u1ec3n Belgrade) l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng: khi h\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ea7u. N\u1eb1m c\u1ea1nh Ada Ciganlija l\u00e0 Ada Me\u0111ica, m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 r\u1eebng c\u00e2y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i y\u00ean t\u0129nh h\u01a1n (kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \u00f4 t\u00f4). C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o Zemun \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n (g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 Ada c\u1ee7a Grocka, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n). M\u1ed7i h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ri\u00eang, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf du kh\u00e1ch r\u1eb1ng Belgrade kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Kalemegdan: T\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ed5i b\u1eadt gi\u1eefa h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Kalemegdan, ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t Serbia. C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Kalemegdan (ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 &#034;c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i&#034; trong ti\u1ebfng Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3) tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh, cao 125 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e3i t\u1eadp qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 m\u1edf, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i. Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng quanh co, b\u0103ng qua t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh tr\u1ea1i La M\u00e3, th\u00e1p canh th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i th\u1eddi \u00c1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i c\u1ecf v\u00e0 s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i. C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean mang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ra s\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd s\u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Victor (Pobednik) \u0111ang quan s\u00e1t d\u00f2ng Danube.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kalemegdan th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean \u0111a n\u0103ng: &#034;C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Veliki&#034; \u1edf t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean v\u00e0 &#034;C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Mali&#034; g\u1ea7n b\u1edd s\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3nh quan v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19-20. Ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m thu h\u00fat h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 sau St. Sava. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Belgrade ch\u1ea1y b\u1ed9, d\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea3n b\u1ed9 quanh n\u0103m. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, hoa m\u1ed9c lan n\u1edf r\u1ed9, v\u00e0 m\u00f9a thu, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u0169 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e2y cho bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang l\u00e0 qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Nga v\u00e0 Hy L\u1ea1p). Qua Kalemegdan, b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp lang l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Belgrade - m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o palimpsest xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef trong m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac &amp; \u0110\u1ecba danh mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Sava: Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1eb1m tr\u00ean cao nguy\u00ean Vra\u010dar l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Belgrade hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u2013 Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Sava (Hram Svetog Save). Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o Serbia n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u00e1i v\u00f2m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd cao t\u1edbi 70 m\u00e9t, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0ng. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb Th\u00e1nh Sava, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Serbia v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Ottoman thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1935 nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7: ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1989, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00ean trong, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Sava th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 10.000 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3. Gian gi\u1eefa d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i v\u00f2m c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 35 m\u00e9t, t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. N\u0103m 2018, m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 Pantokrator \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh trong m\u00e1i v\u00f2m, bao ph\u1ee7 kho\u1ea3ng 400 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng. B\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m n\u1eb7ng kho\u1ea3ng 40 t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c b\u1edfi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Belgrade v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1edbn. \u1ede b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1 granit v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u00f3n \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, gi\u1eef cho ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n lu\u00f4n s\u00e1ng trong &#034;Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng&#034; c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Du kh\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng leo l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i Vra\u010dar ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 h\u00f9ng v\u0129 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Belgrade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean Vra\u010dar?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Sava kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1595, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ottoman \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft Th\u00e1nh Sava b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1t th\u00e1nh t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ed3i Vra\u010dar nh\u1eb1m x\u00f3a b\u1ecf b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Serbia. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1895, Vua Milan \u0111\u00e3 cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh. Theo m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a Serbia: t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1ng l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y \u0111en k\u1ecbt \u1ea5y, ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ecdc l\u00ean. V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd g\u1eafn k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u1edbi di s\u1ea3n th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Kalemegdan: H\u01a1n 2.000 n\u0103m ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Kalemegdan, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. N\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bth\u1eddi Celtic (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean), khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scordisci x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t oppidum g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Singid\u016bn t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m cao n\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec ki\u00ean c\u1ed1. Trong hai thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 ti\u1ebfp theo, m\u1ed7i th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh, th\u00e1p canh v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng th\u00e0nh cho Kalemegdan. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 Ottoman, \u00c1o-Hung, Byzantine v\u00e0 Serbia \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft. Ng\u00e0y nay, khi \u0111i b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch theo phong c\u00e1ch Ottoman b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Habsburg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Pobednik (Victor). T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng cao 14 m\u00e9t n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Ivan Me\u0161trovi\u0107 - m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn binh kh\u1ecfa th\u00e2n c\u1ea7m chim \u01b0ng v\u00e0 thanh ki\u1ebfm - k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Serbia trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Balkan v\u00e0 Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1928, Pobednik hi\u1ec7n nh\u00ecn ra s\u00f4ng Danube, t\u00f4n vinh s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u1ea7n b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t ra s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kalemegdan ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i: nh\u1eefng c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 c\u1ed5 (kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 kho thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang), B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, gi\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 h\u1ea7m ng\u1ee5c ng\u1ea7m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Belgrade, b\u1edfi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng xung quanh n\u00f3. Chuy\u1ebfn tham quan Belgrade s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng con h\u1ebbm \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Kalemegdan, leo l\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a th\u00e1p, hay d\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng khu v\u01b0\u1eddn - nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Belgrader: T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi v\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ed5 l\u00e0 Beogra\u0111anka (\u201cQu\u00fd b\u00e0 Belgrade\u201d), t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. T\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Belgrade, t\u00f2a th\u00e1p k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng thanh l\u1ecbch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974 t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. V\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao 101 m\u00e9t (24 t\u1ea7ng), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t Belgrade v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng \u00f4 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 k\u00ednh m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a Beogra\u0111anka l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh \u00e1nh v\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t danh kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Beogra\u0111anka. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Belgrade trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960-1970 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nam T\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng; m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u00f2n c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda) n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng th\u1eadt b\u00ean trong. Trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a th\u00e1p m\u1edbi h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 cao h\u01a1n n\u00f3, Beogra\u0111anka v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi Belgrade, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u n\u01a1i giao thoa gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u0169 v\u00e0 M\u1edbi (\u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n ph\u1ed1 \u0111i b\u1ed9 Knez Mihailova).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i: T\u1eeb Ottoman \u0111\u1ebfn Art Nouveau<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u1ea3nh quan th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u phong c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Ottoman (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16\u201317) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n trong khu ph\u1ed1 ch\u1ee3 c\u0169 (nay l\u00e0 H\u1ea1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Kalemegdan) v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Bajrakli th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16 (m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i). V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, khi Serbia gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 du nh\u1eadp. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n: Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Qu\u1ed1c gia (1869) v\u00e0 Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n C\u1ed5 (1884) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch \u00dd. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u01b0 Serbia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i T\u00e2n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 T\u00e2n Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng h\u00e0n l\u00e2m. Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Moskva n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng (1908) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e1c con ph\u1ed1 trung t\u00e2m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft hoa l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i T\u00e2n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ai tinh m\u1eaft c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng Byzantine. C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u01b0 Serbia cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo phong c\u00e1ch sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#034;Serbo-Byzantine&#034; \u2013 h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Mark (kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1931) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft T\u00e2n Byzantine nh\u01b0 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng. Sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o l\u1edbp ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd: nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i nh\u00e0 theo phong c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p &#034;Brutalist&#034; \u1edf New Belgrade (n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc s\u00f4ng Sava). Nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a th\u00e1p chung c\u01b0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng kh\u1ed1i vu\u00f4ng n\u00e0y (t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950\u20131970) v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 t\u1eeb b\u00ean kia s\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111an xen: khi d\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Ottoman, b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng v\u00f2m th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ra b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n k\u00ednh b\u00f3ng b\u1ea9y. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u2013 t\u1eeb Baroque \u0111\u1ebfn Bauhaus \u2013 khi\u1ebfn Belgrade tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng, Belgrade s\u1edf h\u1eefu h\u01a1n 1.650 di t\u00edch c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc, v\u00ec v\u1eady, r\u1ebd qua m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Belgrade ng\u1ea7m: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi Belgrade c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian ng\u1ea7m \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u. C\u00e1c hang \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 s\u1eed gia bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. Theo c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ng\u1ea7m xung quanh Belgrade. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 hang \u0111\u1ed9ng karst t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra theo th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Ta\u0161majdan (Vra\u010dar) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c hang \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 c\u0169 c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 6\u20138 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng hang \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3, d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ottoman v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serbia \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7m m\u1ed9 Ta\u0161majdan l\u00e0m kho ch\u1ee9a thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang v\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n. B\u1ea1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9 th\u0103m m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Hang \u0160alitrena (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo di\u00eam ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00f3) t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed b\u00ed m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Kalemegdan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng kh\u00e1c. Trong kho thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang d\u00e0i \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 khai qu\u1eadt n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t &#034;Gi\u1ebfng La M\u00e3&#034; - m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ebfng ng\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea7m ng\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 2. Trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ea7m tr\u00fa \u1ea9n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n - gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7m m\u00e0 Vua Alexander I \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Tito trang b\u1ecb. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed National Geographic ghi nh\u1eadn &#034;boongke Tito&#034; n\u1eb1m s\u00e2u 150 m\u00e9t b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Nam T\u01b0 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. Ng\u00e0y nay, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho du kh\u00e1ch \u01b0a m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c. Belgrade l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea7m tr\u00fa \u1ea9n ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1915. Trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam h\u1ea7m tr\u00fa \u1ea9n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u Aleksandar. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea7u thang t\u1ed1i m\u00e0u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda m\u00e0u s\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m n\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng NATO ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Belgrade ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0o hang \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c boongke ri\u00eang b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng hang \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1ea7m tr\u00fa \u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh gh\u00e9p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gi\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed5, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh lang b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea7m ng\u1ea7m vang v\u1ecdng. (\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tour \u0111i b\u1ed9 \u201cng\u1ea7m Belgrade\u201d \u2013 h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c hang \u0111\u1ed9ng Ta\u0161majdan v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m b\u00ed m\u1eadt tr\u00ean Kalemegdan.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong khu v\u1ef1c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u201cl\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u201d \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 du nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kafana \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u2013 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea theo phong c\u00e1ch Balkan truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u2013 m\u1edf c\u1eeda t\u1ea1i Belgrade v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1522, ngay sau cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Ottoman. (B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u1eeb kafana b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 \u201ckahvehane\u201d, sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang ti\u1ebfng Serbia.) \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Paris hay London. Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Belgrade coi kafana nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia (qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201cZnak Pitanja\u201d \u2013 D\u1ea5u H\u1ecfi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1833 t\u1ea1i khu ph\u1ed1 bohemian). C\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdt trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n kafana t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00fa vui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o kh\u00e1c: v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1939, Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i Grand Prix Belgrade. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua Grand Prix l\u1edbn duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II. C\u00e1c tay \u0111ua n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Tazio Nuvolari c\u1ee7a \u00dd, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111ua tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ua quanh C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Kalemegdan. (S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m sinh nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua Nam T\u01b0 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bl\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua duy nh\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. N\u0103m 2014, BBC Culture \u0111\u00e3 vinh danh Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong &#034;n\u0103m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi&#034;, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. UNESCO c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Belgrade l\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c, ghi nh\u1eadn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y. V\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Ivo Andri\u0107 (1961) - ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Serbia \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel V\u0103n h\u1ecdc - \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Belgrade, g\u1eafn k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Bia Belgrade, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i bia l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 n\u0103m 2007 v\u00e0 2008 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 650.000 v\u00e0 900.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp b\u00edch h\u1ecda nh\u00e0 th\u1edd theo phong c\u00e1ch Byzantine (nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m) v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ti\u00eam v\u1eafc-xin cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt (do nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serbia \u0110or\u0111e Loba\u010dev th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19). Nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ti\u00ean phong n\u00e0y \u2014 t\u1eeb v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc \u2014 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch d\u00e0i nh\u1eefng &#034;l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean&#034; th\u00fa v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Belgrade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00eam tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng du l\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Lonely Planet v\u00e0 CNN \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn Belgrade l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00eam. M\u1ed9t l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e8 n\u1ed5i (splav) - theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 &#034;b\u00e8&#034; ho\u1eb7c s\u00e0 lan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i - n\u1eb1m d\u1ecdc b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Sava v\u00e0 Danube. C\u00f3 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Khi m\u00e0n \u0111\u00eam bu\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c t\u1eeb nh\u1ea1c techno \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ea1c d\u00e2n gian turbo. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo \u0111\u1eadu c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 \u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n neon d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd s\u00f4ng. Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e8 n\u1ed5i n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t con ph\u1ed1 ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 Stra\u017eanji\u0107a Bana, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 &#034;Thung l\u0169ng Silicon&#034; (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, m\u00e0 v\u00ec khung c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00eam l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh). Con ph\u1ed1 ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p n\u00e0y \u1edf khu Dor\u0107ol ng\u1eadp tr\u00e0n c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n bar tr\u00e0n ra c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u00e3y nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf Ph\u1ed1 C\u1ed5, khu ph\u1ed1 bohemian Skadarlija l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 hai b\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00e3y nh\u00e0 kafana c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh, Skadarlija mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Belgrade th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. C\u00e1c ban nh\u1ea1c d\u00e2n gian bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00eam, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u0129 b\u00e1n tranh ch\u00e2n dung d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n gas. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m tham quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9 th\u0103m nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 (ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau Kalemegdan).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0103n h\u00f3a ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Belgrade di\u1ec5n ra quanh n\u0103m. M\u00f9a h\u00e8, c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 ven s\u00f4ng nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 trong nh\u00e0 (\u0111\u00f4i khi n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u1ecf hoang) c\u0169ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng su\u1ed1t m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf: ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi \u1edf T\u00e2y \u00c2u. S\u1ef1 ca ng\u1ee3i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc; l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1ebft t\u00edch chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0103n m\u1eebng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ed3n \u00e0o. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, Belgrade th\u01b0\u1eddng...&nbsp;<em>l\u00e0<\/em>&nbsp;\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng &#034;th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 vui nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ea5t&#034; tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch th\u00edch ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng, b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y - ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea1c ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n bar, l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 s\u00f4ng mang theo giai \u0111i\u1ec7u s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 - khi\u1ebfn Belgrade lu\u00f4n trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kho b\u00e1u \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c &amp; V\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ea8m th\u1ef1c Belgrade ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a Serbia. \u1ea8m th\u1ef1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Serbia th\u1ecbnh so\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u1ecbt, ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c Ottoman, \u00c1o v\u00e0 Hungary. M\u1ed9t b\u1eefa \u0103n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Belgrade th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f3n th\u1ecbt n\u01b0\u1edbng. \u0106evapi (th\u1ecbt b\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbng cu\u1ed9n) v\u00e0 pljeskavica (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ecbt b\u00f2\/th\u1ecbt l\u1ee3n t\u1ea9m gia v\u1ecb, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh m\u00ec k\u1eb9p th\u1ecbt) lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c m\u00f3n n\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 k\u00e8m somun (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1nh m\u00ec d\u1eb9t m\u1ec1m x\u1ed1p), kajmak (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c b\u00e9o ng\u1eady) v\u00e0 ajvar (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edbt \u0111\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 cay). V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean du l\u1ecbch l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch \u1edf Belgrade th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00eam kajmak ho\u1eb7c ajvar \u0111\u1ec3 r\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean m\u00f3n \u0107evapi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb Serbia: gia v\u1ecb cay ho\u1eb7c chua l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e9o ng\u1eady c\u1ee7a th\u1ecbt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 sarma, b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i cu\u1ed9n nh\u00e2n th\u1ecbt l\u1ee3n v\u00e0 c\u01a1m, n\u1ea5u trong d\u01b0a c\u1ea3i mu\u1ed1i chua (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t gia \u0111\u00ecnh). Gibanica l\u00e0 m\u00f3n \u0103n s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0103n v\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c: m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh filo-pastry m\u1ecfng gi\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u00f4 mai t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 burek nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u00f4 mai). Chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh ph\u00f4 mai n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n k\u00e8m v\u1edbi s\u1eefa chua khi d\u00f9ng b\u1eefa. Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai n\u00e0y (tvrdi sir ho\u1eb7c kiselo mleko) xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f3n \u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kajmak khi l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1eefa \u0103n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serbia s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu rakija, lo\u1ea1i r\u01b0\u1ee3u tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y qu\u1ed1c gia. Rakija m\u1eadn (\u0161ljiva) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i rakija kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n: th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n khai v\u1ecb. C\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n bar \u1edf Belgrade r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng rakija \u2013 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c lo\u1ea1i rakija v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau (m\u01a1, m\u1ed9c qua, \u00f3c ch\u00f3, v.v.) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng &#034;pha rakija&#034; c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3. Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i rakija t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng rakija chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n kh\u00e1ch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serbia th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eddi h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t &#034;ly rakija nh\u1ecf&#034; khi \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e1nh m\u00ec v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c nh\u1eefng pekara (ti\u1ec7m b\u00e1nh) m\u1edf c\u1eeda s\u1edbm, b\u00e1n burek (b\u00e1nh cu\u1ed9n nh\u00e2n th\u1ecbt ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f4 mai) v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh m\u00ec poga\u010da ng\u1ecdt. M\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u00e0 burek sa kajmakom: m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc burek th\u1ecbt xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c ph\u1ee7 kajmak b\u00e9o ng\u1eady \u2013 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, d\u00f9ng k\u00e8m s\u1eefa chua cho b\u1eefa s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1eefa \u0103n nh\u1eb9. Di s\u1ea3n Ottoman v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3: c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ki\u1ec3u Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c nh\u1ecf, ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c, k\u00e8m m\u1ed9t ly n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 lokum (k\u1eb9o ng\u1ecdt Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n th\u1ecbt chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u1edf Belgrade c\u0169ng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00f4ng Danube (som ho\u1eb7c \u0161aran), c\u00e1c m\u00f3n h\u1ea7m rau th\u1ecbnh so\u1ea1n (nh\u01b0&nbsp;<em>S\u00fap c\u1ee7a Bey<\/em>&nbsp;(s\u00fap g\u00e0), v\u00e0 salad c\u00e0 chua t\u01b0\u01a1i, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh t\u00e2y \u01b0\u1edbp kajmak. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng cao c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n \u1edf Belgrade ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a Serbia nh\u01b0 \u1edbt b\u1ed9t, kajmak ho\u1eb7c rakija trong th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u1edf Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i: kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n th\u1ecbnh so\u1ea1n, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00e2n m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt &amp; Gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade lu\u00f4n r\u1ed9n r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a quanh n\u0103m. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Bia Belgrade, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1 \u0111i b\u1ed9 U\u0161\u0107e (n\u01a1i s\u00f4ng Sava g\u1eb7p s\u00f4ng Danube). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 gian h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch tham d\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi: v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i n\u0103m 2009 \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat h\u01a1n 650.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2010 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t g\u1ea7n 900.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i bia ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng Belgrade c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c FEST, m\u1ed9t li\u00ean hoan phim qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1971. FEST chi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m b\u1ed9 phim m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, t\u1eeb Hollywood \u0111\u1ebfn phim ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 phim Balkan \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u01a1n 40 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a FEST \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh khu v\u1ef1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed7i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, Li\u00ean hoan \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c Belgrade (BEMUS) \u0111\u1ec1u mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c jazz, nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Serbia, trong khi m\u00f9a h\u00e8 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 D\u00e0n nh\u1ea1c Giao h\u01b0\u1edfng Belgrade d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y sao).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Belgrade cho \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f2n lan t\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o nh\u1ea1c rock New Wave Nam T\u01b0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980: c\u00e1c ban nh\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 VIS Idoli, EKV (Ekatarina Velika), v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ban nh\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 \u1edf Belgrade v\u00e0 thu \u00e2m nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ec1n hip-hop Serbia c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, n\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Belgrade r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng - h\u00f4m nay b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u1ea1c d\u00e2n gian truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1edf Skadarlija, h\u00f4m sau b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed underground trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, Belgrade t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebfn kinh ng\u1ea1c. V\u1edbi h\u01a1n 1.650 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 (nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 du k\u00edch) \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u00ean phong, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Qu\u1ed1c gia (x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1869) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u opera v\u00e0 ballet. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y \u2013 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 trung c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 \u2013 bi\u1ebfn Belgrade th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1eeb Belgrade<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Belgrade. Novak Djokovic c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. Sinh ra t\u1ea1i Belgrade n\u0103m 1987, anh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tay v\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c danh hi\u1ec7u Grand Slam v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2023, anh n\u1eafm gi\u1eef k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 danh hi\u1ec7u Grand Slam nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4n qu\u1ea7n v\u1ee3t nam (23) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 tu\u1ea7n k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 1. Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Djokovic t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5u ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 Belgrade v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 thao to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a anh l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, Belgrade l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng (v\u1ec1 sau) c\u1ee7a Ivo Andri\u0107 (1892\u20131975), m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Nam T\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel V\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u0103m 1961. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a &#034;C\u00e2y c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng Drina&#034; v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Balkan. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 sinh ra \u1edf Bosnia, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Belgrade; di s\u1ea3n \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ghi nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Nikola Tesla, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u1edf Belgrade m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng sinh ra \u1edf Croatia ng\u00e0y nay. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Belgrade, v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Nikola Tesla (th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1952) l\u01b0u gi\u1eef h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t minh, gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 tro c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng n\u00e0y l\u01b0u gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng 160.000 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 5.700 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Tesla. Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt trong di s\u1ea3n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Belgrade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n, Marina Abramovi\u0107 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt. Sinh n\u0103m 1946 t\u1ea1i Belgrade, b\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n. N\u0103m 2019, B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0. Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m (l\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 t\u1ea1i qu\u00ea nh\u00e0) \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat kho\u1ea3ng 100.000 l\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00e1ch tham quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edd New York Times ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Do \u0111\u00f3, Belgrade c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Belgrade \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Charles Simic (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Pulitzer, sau n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ef9), \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n phim Emir Kusturica, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Predrag Matvejevi\u0107. Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ea7n v\u1ee3t, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i s\u1ea3n sinh ra nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 (c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 Red Star Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch C\u00fap C1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u0103m 1991, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 Partizan \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u danh hi\u1ec7u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u). Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4i sao nh\u1ea1c rock v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c pop Serbia (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Bajaga, Bora \u0110or\u0111evi\u0107 c\u1ee7a Riblja \u010corba) \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Belgrade. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Belgrade v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa quy m\u00f4 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3: v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 1,2 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch, ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng, Belgrade c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ea7y quy\u1ebfn r\u0169. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec7t danh tr\u00ecu m\u1ebfn l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>\u201cTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a M\u00e8o.\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ch\u00fa m\u00e8o hoang lang thang t\u1ef1 do trong c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 Dor\u0107ol v\u00e0 Skadarlija, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ch\u00fang - \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n tr\u00ean hi\u00ean nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh. T\u1eadp t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y mang t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho Belgrade danh ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00e8o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Slavija, ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng xoay giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac. Theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1860, khu v\u1ef1c Slavija hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ao, n\u01a1i chim n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scotland, Francis Mackenzie, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn v\u1ecbt tr\u00ean ao \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam n\u1ecd (sau khi mua \u0111\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1eadt hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam th\u1eaft, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o giao th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c l\u00e0 &#034;Ao V\u1ecbt&#034;. (Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean nga \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng vui t\u01b0\u01a1i. Ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e0o ba ng\u00f3n tay (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 phim \u1ea3nh; v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Balkan h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i.&nbsp;<em>N\u1eeda \u0111\u1eddi<\/em>&nbsp;\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 &#034;R\u1eebng Tr\u1eafng&#034; \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec7t danh c\u1ee7a Belgrade. Ngay c\u1ea3 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ebfn xe \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau ch\u00fang (m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh b\u00e0n tay gi\u01a1 ba ng\u00f3n tay). Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 trong khu ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Tam \u0110i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c Slav\u01a1 n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i b\u1ed9 qua Belgrade, \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111ang d\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. T\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a hay Kalemegdan, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n con ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0 h\u1ea7m r\u01b0\u1ee3u La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i, b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i tr\u00ean &#034;m\u00e1i nh\u00e0&#034; c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n La M\u00e3 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m s\u00e2u 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 m\u00e9t d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Trong t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh kh\u1ea3m v\u00e0 bia m\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh s\u00e0n nh\u00e0. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 n\u00e0y \u2013 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa m\u00e8o ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n b\u1ea1n, nh\u1eefng phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft th\u00ec th\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n Attila b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng \u2013 bi\u1ebfn Belgrade th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin trong s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Belgrade hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i: Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Serbia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1,2 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n trong n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh (kho\u1ea3ng 1,7 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb). N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Serbia trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7: \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf Serbia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1405, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1841 khi nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Serbia hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ra \u0111\u1eddi. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1918 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2003, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Nam T\u01b0 (ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serb, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Croatia v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Slovenia, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Li\u00ean bang X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a). Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Nam T\u01b0 - ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a - \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, Belgrade l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Serbia. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 &#034;Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u Beta&#034; nh\u1edd t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf khu v\u1ef1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y: Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Serbia, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5,&nbsp;<em>Trung t\u00e2m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/em>&nbsp;Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng khu ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p y t\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khu v\u1ef1c. S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Belgrade Arena (nay l\u00e0 S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0160tark Arena) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ec3 thao trong nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Sava n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Serbia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. H\u01a1n 86% c\u01b0 d\u00e2n Belgrade l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serbia, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Roma v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Belgrade th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh Phong tr\u00e0o Kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Cu\u1ed9c thi Ca kh\u00fac Eurovision sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Serbia. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao l\u1edbn (nh\u01b0 EuroBasket ba l\u1ea7n, Gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch Th\u1ec3 thao d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 1973 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Th\u1ec3 thao Sinh vi\u00ean Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 2009). G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t, Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u0103ng cai Expo 2027 - m\u1ed9t H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi - c\u00e0ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Serbia ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, Belgrade hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 t\u1ef1 tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1ecf b\u00e9. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111an xen nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi. V\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam, c\u00e1c th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u00e1p canh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng, ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. Belgrade c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn mang d\u00e1ng d\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u2013 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 EU, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Balkan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt du l\u1ecbch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Belgrade c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gh\u00e9 th\u0103m kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong>\u00a0Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1ed3i. Du kh\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y Belgrade mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m tham quan kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c: l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng v\u00e0 giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1eb1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5, c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eabn mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng b\u1ed5 \u00edch. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 Belgrade nh\u00ecn chung l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Belgrade c\u00f3 an to\u00e0n cho kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u00ecn chung l\u00e0 c\u00f3. T\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u1edf Belgrade \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Theo c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o du l\u1ecbch, &#034;r\u1ee7i ro chung&#034; c\u1ee7a Belgrade \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p. Tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp v\u1eb7t (m\u00f3c t\u00fai) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady du kh\u00e1ch n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111i du l\u1ecbch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p. (Nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7, tr\u00e1nh mang theo \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 v\u1eafng v\u1ebb v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam khuya.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Belgrade?<\/strong>\u00a0M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n (th\u00e1ng 5\u2013th\u00e1ng 6) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a thu (th\u00e1ng 9\u2013th\u00e1ng 10) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 (th\u00e1ng 7\u2013th\u00e1ng 8) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng \u2013 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh \u1edf Belgrade l\u00e0 30\u00b0C trong h\u01a1n 45 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 40\u00b0C. M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng (th\u00e1ng 12\u2013th\u00e1ng 2) l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0y dao \u0111\u1ed9ng quanh m\u1ee9c 0\u20135\u00b0C, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebft r\u01a1i trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y). Cu\u1ed1i xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u thu c\u00f3 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea5m \u00e1p v\u00e0 \u00edt \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a h\u00e8.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y \u1edf Belgrade kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00f3. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y \u1edf Belgrade nh\u00ecn chung an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb s\u00f4ng Danube v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eabn th\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai v\u00ec h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb). N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3ng chai h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Belgrade s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 n\u00e0o?<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Serbia l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng dinar Serbia (RSD). B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n dinar cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, v\u00ec th\u1ebb t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee3 nh\u1ecf. M\u00e1y ATM c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. T\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i t\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00f3 Uber \u1edf Belgrade kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong>\u00a0\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng Uber qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Belgrade. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng g\u1ecdi xe c\u1ee7a Serbia nh\u01b0 CarGo ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 taxi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u1edbc theo \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3). Taxi kh\u00e1 r\u1ebb so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e0i x\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. (B\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y khi l\u00ean xe.) Vi\u1ec7c Uber v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn du kh\u00e1ch, v\u00ec c\u1ea3 taxi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 xe \u0111i chung \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 t\u00ecm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh:<\/strong>\u00a0Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Serbia (ch\u1eef Kirin v\u00e0 ch\u1eef Latinh). \u1ede trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu du l\u1ecbch, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb) n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t. Th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft song ng\u1eef (ti\u1ebfng Serbia\/ti\u1ebfng Anh). Tuy nhi\u00ean, du kh\u00e1ch v\u1eabn n\u00ean h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Serbia c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (nh\u01b0\u00a0<em>C\u1ea3m \u01a1n<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 &#034;c\u1ea3m \u01a1n&#034; v\u00e0\u00a0<em>Vui l\u00f2ng<\/em>\u00a0cho \u201cl\u00e0m \u01a1n\/kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec\u201d).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i:<\/strong>\u00a0Wi-Fi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i (trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, s\u00e2n bay v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i). Serbia s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111i\u1ec7n 220V c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi ph\u00edch c\u1eafm tr\u00f2n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch:<\/strong>\u00a0Belgrade c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. M\u1ed9t b\u1eefa \u0103n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ea7m trung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb 10\u201315 \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Bia kh\u00e1 r\u1ebb (kho\u1ea3ng 2 \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1c bia \u1edf qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u). M\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 4 ng\u00e0y (bao g\u1ed3m \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, tham quan, ch\u1ed7 \u1edf gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb) th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1n v\u00e0i tr\u0103m \u0111\u00f4 la. H\u00e3y chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 chi tr\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ph\u00ed v\u00e0o c\u1eeda.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 m\u00f9a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00f4n h\u00f2a, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trung b\u00ecnh th\u00e1ng 1 kho\u1ea3ng 1\u20132\u00b0C), c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebft r\u01a1i nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n trong n\u0103m. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n (th\u00e1ng 3\u2013th\u00e1ng 5) mang \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea5m d\u1ea7n l\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, th\u00e1ng 5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1i n\u00f3ng m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi oi b\u1ee9c: trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 45 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i n\u0103m tr\u00ean 30\u00b0C, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c 43,6\u00b0C (110,5\u00b0F) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2007. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, v\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean mang theo n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng b\u00f3ng r\u00e2m r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00f9a thu (th\u00e1ng 9\u2013th\u00e1ng 11) m\u00e1t m\u1ebb nhanh ch\u00f3ng sau th\u00e1ng 8, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ea7u thu. T\u00e1n l\u00e1 t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean \u1edf Belgrade c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10. Nh\u00ecn chung, Belgrade nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 698 mm l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 (du m\u1ee5c, s\u1ed3i, d\u1ebb ng\u1ef1a), v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y hoa n\u1edf r\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t d\u1ebb ng\u1ef1a b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u m\u00f9a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a thu l\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tham quan (\u1ea5m \u00e1p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 n\u00f3ng). Bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i m\u00f9a h\u00e8 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111i d\u1ea1o ven s\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c xem h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi. M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 se l\u1ea1nh, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111i du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1\u2013th\u00e1ng 2, h\u00e3y nh\u1edb mang theo \u00e1o kho\u00e1c cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00eam se l\u1ea1nh (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 0\u00b0C nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00eam, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 -26,2\u00b0C). Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u00f9a n\u00e0o, \u00f4 ho\u1eb7c \u00e1o m\u01b0a c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n m\u01b0a r\u00e0o ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i x\u1ea3y ra quanh n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1n kinh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Belgrade. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1, b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u Serbia, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 trung th\u00e0nh. Trong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1, Crvena zvezda (Sao \u0110\u1ecf Belgrade) v\u00e0 Partizan Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi Nam T\u01b0 (Sao \u0110\u1ecf th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch C\u00fap C1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u0103m 1991). B\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 NBA v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. C\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh: c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec1n, b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng n\u00e9m t\u1eeb Belgrade th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tham gia c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c thi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1edbn. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng cai Gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch th\u1ec3 thao d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi FINA \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1973 \u2013 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ra m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1eb7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 UEFA Euro 1976 (khi Nam T\u01b0 \u0111\u0103ng cai tr\u1eadn chung k\u1ebft). G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n, Belgrade \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 thao sinh vi\u00ean m\u00f9a h\u00e8 2009 (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 thao sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao t\u1eeb karate \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00e0 thi \u0111\u1ea5u trong nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 (\u0160tark Arena) c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a 20.000 kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3, cho ph\u00e9p th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Nh\u00ecn chung, di s\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 thao c\u1ee7a Belgrade r\u1ea5t v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc; xem m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111ang tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u:<\/strong>\u00a0V\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa Belgrade (Beogradska Zoolo\u0161ka Ba\u0161ta) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1936, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. N\u1eb1m g\u1ecdn trong Kalemegdan, v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 5.000 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c 450 lo\u00e0i (t\u1eeb h\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn chim nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi). Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p h\u00e0 m\u00e3 to l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi con h\u00e0 m\u00e3 c\u00e1i &#034;Zambie&#034; l\u00e0 linh v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Tuy nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa khi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ebfn tham quan tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u1ed7 m\u00e1y Enigma c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00cdt du kh\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Nam T\u01b0 (\u1edf Top\u010dider) hay B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (\u1edf Kalemegdan) c\u1ee7a Belgrade l\u1ea1i s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y m\u1eadt m\u00e3 Enigma ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u. Trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 mang m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y rotor Enigma \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1995, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i s\u1ea3nh Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 - k\u00e8m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c - m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0 R\u1ea1p chi\u1ebfu phim Tito:<\/strong>\u00a0Dinh th\u1ef1 ho\u00e0ng gia (\u201cBeli Dvor\u201d) v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Nam T\u01b0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng di v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. Trong c\u00e1c tour tham quan Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng gia, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y m\u00e1y chi\u1ebfu phim c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp phim c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i Tito \u2013 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y chi\u1ebfu c\u0169, th\u00f9ng phim, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t r\u1ea1p chi\u1ebfu phim ri\u00eang m\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi \u1edf Beli Dvor. Trong L\u0103ng Tito (n\u1eb1m trong ngh\u0129a trang c\u0169, nay l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng), ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y toa t\u00e0u \u201cBlue Train\u201d n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 c\u1ee7a Belgrade m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u1edd Apollo 11:<\/strong>\u00a0M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng: Belgrade s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 c\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 tung bay trong s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u Apollo 11. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u1edd thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Nam T\u01b0 (v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 c\u1edd Nam T\u01b0 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3). Sau khi h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, l\u00e1 c\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Nam T\u01b0 \u1edf Belgrade.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang:<\/strong>\u00a0V\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 Belgrade, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 xung quanh \u010cukarica v\u00e0 Ripanj, s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1eddn nho v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang t\u1eebng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c. Ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u1eabn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Di s\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang Serbia trong th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u2013 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng Pelje\u0161ac ho\u1eb7c Fru\u0161ka Gora.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y \u2013 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp:<\/strong>\u00a0Nhi\u1ec1u con ph\u1ed1 \u1edf Belgrade \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac c\u1ed5 h\u01a1n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Skadarlija, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5m l\u00e1t v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bia m\u1ed9 Ottoman c\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u00fap xu\u1ed1ng! C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc cho bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 20 l\u1edbp ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac c\u1ed5 n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi Belgrade hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. D\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1 x\u00e1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1o ch\u01a1i xuy\u00ean th\u1eddi gian - kh\u00e1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb.\u00a0<em>theo \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a \u0111en<\/em>, khi \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 th\u1eddi La M\u00e3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00eam s\u1eafc m\u00e0u cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Belgrade. Ch\u00fang cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng di t\u00edch c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh, m\u1ed7i g\u00f3c ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Belgrade kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Serbia m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u kho b\u00e1u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 nho nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n. T\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Vin\u010da c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, Belgrade cho du kh\u00e1ch th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9t ri\u00eang. &#034;Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng&#034; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9: m\u1ed7i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00eam cho b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i hay ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8n neon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgrade ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1eeba hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch. Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u 150 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam. Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn b\u00ecnh minh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i. D\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00eam, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i nh\u1ea1c punk-rock v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng doanh nh\u00e2n c\u00f9ng ng\u1ed3i b\u00e0n b\u00ean h\u1ed3. Kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u2013 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St. Sava \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Victor, quang c\u1ea3nh s\u00f4ng Danube \u2013 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh: con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0, nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ed9n r\u00e3 trong nh\u1eefng con h\u1ebbm nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Belgrade h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1edfi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean trong th\u1eddi gian. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 n\u00e9t \u2013 trong ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba danh v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt \u2013 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9t tr\u1ebb trung. \u201cM\u00e0u tr\u1eafng\u201d c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf s\u1ef1 c\u1edfi m\u1edf trong t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch. V\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, Belgrade n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc qu\u00fd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 du kh\u00e1ch n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng Danube v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng Sava, Belgrade l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 7.000 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u0111a di\u1ec7n. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 &#034;Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1eafng&#034; t\u1eeb ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t h\u01a1n 40 l\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ng\u00e0y nay, Belgrade l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n gi\u1eefa c\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1edbi: Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i v\u00f2m Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i v\u00f2m Ottoman n\u1eb1m chung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a th\u00e1p b\u00f3ng b\u1ea9y v\u00e0 b\u1edd s\u00f4ng r\u1ee3p b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y. Du kh\u00e1ch chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Saint Sava \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 (m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) v\u00e0 d\u1ea1o quanh ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Kalemegdan (m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec 2.000 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i). Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd tr\u00ean c\u00e1c splavovi (c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i) ven s\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c Serbia th\u1ecbnh so\u1ea1n (\u0107evapi v\u1edbi kajmak, b\u00e1nh burek, rakija m\u1eadn) l\u00e0m say l\u00f2ng th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Belgrade n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng bao g\u1ed3m huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n v\u1ee3t Novak Djokovic v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel Ivo Andri\u0107. \u1ede Belgrade, m\u1ed7i con h\u1ebbm \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, m\u1ed7i khu ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Serbia th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebfn r\u0169. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n tin c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan c\u1ee7a Belgrade.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":68459,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9,5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-68451","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-interesting-facts","8":"category-magazine"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68451","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68451"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68451\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68451"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68451"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68451"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}