{"id":2583,"date":"2024-08-15T11:29:23","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T11:29:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/staging\/?p=2583"},"modified":"2026-02-26T00:59:24","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T00:59:24","slug":"dao-symi-sponge-cua-bien-aegean","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/magazine\/summer-destinations\/island-symi-sponge-of-aegean-sea\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ea3o Symi Sponge c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3n Aegean"},"content":{"rendered":"

Du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e0 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y Gialos y\u00ean b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. Symi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i khai sinh ra ngh\u1ec1 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p, m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Symi m\u1edbi thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n, khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 du kh\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i tin r\u1eb1ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt d\u1eb1n, ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n Symi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n Aegean v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. N\u0103m 1840, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Symi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn, Michael Karanikis, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm 12-15 kg \u0111\u00e1 (sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n). skandalopetra<\/em>) and returned with a sponge, proving the legend true. By the late 1800s Symi\u2019s armada of sponge boats exceeded 400 \u2013 at one point the largest fleet in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea3o Symi: B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Dodecanese<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

N\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam bi\u1ec3n Aegean, Symi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Dodecanese. H\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch Rhodes kho\u1ea3ng 41 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc, b\u0103ng qua m\u1ed9t eo bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0u ng\u1ecdc lam. \u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i. Khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Symi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean hai c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9: Yialos (Gialos) xung quanh c\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 Ano Symi n\u1eb1m cao h\u01a1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u00e0ng kim, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Symi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 22.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2021, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 2.600 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p \u2013 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ea7y n\u1eafng v\u00e0 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb \u2013 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ngay c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u, c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i v\u1eabn r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi Aegean. Du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n hay tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2025, Symi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn ph\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1eeb Rhodes (c\u1ea3ng Mandraki), th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 90 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n. Vui l\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh theo m\u00f9a v\u00ec t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>Th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf
<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Gialos<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Khu c\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Gialos n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n. Ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 s\u01a1n m\u00e0u pastel v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea7u thang \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng ra b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n. \u201cNgay khi xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00e0, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u1eb1m d\u1ecdc con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean b\u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc,\u201d m\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 h\u1ea3o t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Symi \u2013 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Georgios Petridis \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y. \u0110i b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn l\u00ean d\u1ed1c s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Petrideio, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh gia \u0111\u00ecnh Petrides \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f9ng nhau, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Symi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec sao Symi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao Symi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, l\u1ea1i th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p. K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n Symi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c: c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi Symi \u201c\u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n\u201d. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Symi c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i cho h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf. D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Ottoman, Symi c\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n thay v\u00ec ti\u1ec1n xu, ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1522, h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p 12.000 mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 3.000 mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n nh\u1ecf cho Constantinople. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u1ea3i t\u1eb7c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Symi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp: v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Symi \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb B\u1eafc Phi (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Benghazi) \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn Syros, London v\u00e0 New York. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Symi xoay quanh ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00e0 t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eb7n t\u00ecm b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Symi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Symi b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1800 r\u1ea5t khan hi\u1ebfm. C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Hy L\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi Aristotle, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n n\u00edn th\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 60 m (200 ft). V\u00e0o th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Ottoman, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Symi m\u1edbi thu th\u1eadp b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u2013 khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Symi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, du kh\u00e1ch cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Ottoman nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o: v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1522, Symi \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p 12.000 mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n th\u00f4 v\u00e0 3.000 mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n thu\u1ebf h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Symi \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eb7n t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi t\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e1. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean<\/em> Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Symian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u: v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1840, Michael Karanikis \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng 12\u201315 kg. skandalopetra<\/em> H\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbt l\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 20 s\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u00e0ng kim (1840\u20131914)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Symi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc. C\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 tr\u00f4i qua, \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng l\u00ean: \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1896, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 440 t\u00e0u \u201cl\u1eb7n bi\u1ec3n\u201d c\u1ee7a Symi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2013 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p. Nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u n\u00e0y \u0111i kh\u1eafp bi\u1ec3n Aegean, b\u00e1n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 Syros v\u00e0 Piraeus. C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Symi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9; v\u00ed d\u1ee5, anh em nh\u00e0 Petrides \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng t\u1ea1i Paris, London v\u00e0 New York \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Symi. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i tr\u00ean Symi: ch\u1ee7 qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u, th\u1ee3 x\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m \u0103n ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1edd l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1eeb b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n. B\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng t\u1ea5p n\u1eadp th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd khi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u chu\u00f4ng l\u1eb7n (1863)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1863 khi Fotis Mastoridis ng\u01b0\u1eddi Symia tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc chu\u00f4ng l\u1eb7n (b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eb7n c\u1ee9ng) \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng, Eugenia, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0 l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3ng Gialos \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p. Tin t\u1ee9c lan truy\u1ec1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Symia \u0111\u1ec1u trang b\u1ecb m\u0169 l\u1eb7n, cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n th\u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u2013 nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00ec th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Petrides v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, ng\u00e0nh kinh doanh b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia Petrides \u1edf Symi. Nikitas Petridis \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u1eafp \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf Syros, Piraeus, Paris v\u00e0 London. S\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1edbn \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u00e0 h\u1ea3o t\u00e2m Georgios Petridis \u1edf Symi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho th\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc Petrideio \u1edf Gialos \u2013 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh kinh doanh b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a Petrides v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Gialos \u0111\u1ec3 thu gom b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qua c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn Symi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u2013 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng qu\u00fd \u00f4ng th\u1eddi Victoria \u1edf London c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 cao cho \"b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Symi\" tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suy t\u00e0n: C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Kalymnos<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Symi \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. Trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn I, qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u00dd \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Dodecanese \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m khai th\u00e1c b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n, khi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Symi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u: trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Kalymnos, m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, n\u01a1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft, sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, Symi \u201c\u0111\u00e3 trao l\u1ea1i ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n cho Kalymnos\u201d. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y trong b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng l\u01b0u ni\u1ec7m \u1edf Symi v\u1eabn b\u00e1n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Kalymnos v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7) n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u00e0ng kim r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Symi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i trong k\u00fd \u1ee9c \u2013 v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mua \u1edf Gialos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Skandalopetra: Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u1eb7n v\u1edbi t\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e1 Skandalopetra l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb ng\u1eef skandalopetra<\/em> comes from the Greek for \u201cstone sandal,\u201d a nod to its flat, hydrodynamic shape. A skandalopetra is typically a solid slab of granite or marble weighing 8\u201315 kg, with a hole for attaching a rope. When in the water, the stone becomes a one-way anchor: once the diver descends to the desired depth, the stone rests on the bottom and the diver pulls himself up on the rope. The diver then detaches the stone and resurfaces by hand-over-hand on the line. This simple yet ingenious design was used across the Mediterranean \u2013 but it was Symi that became legendary for it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eb7n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u1eb7n Skandalopetra v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 l\u1eb7n t\u1ef1 do nh\u1edd tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n h\u00edt m\u1ed9t h\u01a1i th\u1eadt s\u00e2u v\u00e0 n\u1eafm ch\u1eb7t h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 g\u1eafn ch\u00ec trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ea3 n\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n. Tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng k\u00e9o ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng khi h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 ch\u00ecm; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n t\u1ef1 do c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n. Sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n thu gom b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u00fai l\u01b0\u1edbi, anh ta ra hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eadt d\u00e2y. T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e1o cho th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u00e9o c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i thuy\u1ec1n. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu tr\u00ecnh l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e2y, v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai ph\u00fat d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7n Symian d\u00e0y d\u1ea1n kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u00fa\", l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm nh\u1ecbp tim nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m oxy ngay khi h\u1ecd ch\u1ea1m n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n kh\u1ecfa th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Symi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The results could be astonishing. DAN\u2019s historical survey notes Symian divers routinely plumbed depths of 60\u201370 m (200\u2013230 ft). For instance, the Sarandaki brothers from Symi are recorded diving to 40 fathoms (about 240 ft) on one breath. In one famous case an untrained diver named Georgis Hatzis surfaced from 250 ft under water. These feats required only minutes underwater \u2013 often just 60\u201390 seconds \u2013 as divers quickly collected sponges and signaled for retrieval. By the late 1800s observers like British naval officer W.H. Spratt noted some Greek divers averaging 90\u2013120 sec bottom-time at 50\u201360 m depths. In short, the Symians\u2019 skandalopetra technique allowed free divers to reach depths that would be the envy of even modern champions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i Symi Divers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Skandalopetra divers relied on the human body\u2019s innate diving reflex. Within seconds of immersion, blood is shunted to the core and the heartbeat slows, conserving oxygen. Experts believe skilled freedivers may even develop larger spleens and blood volume with training; indeed, ancient sources recognized Greek divers for such adaptations as early as Aristotle\u2019s time. Symian divers further conditioned themselves with \u201cwork-up dives\u201d \u2013 repeatedly descending and surfacing during training to expand their tolerance for carbon dioxide and pressure changes. This regimen was crucial: without modern gear, pushing past 200 ft came at a cost. (The dangers of deep diving are discussed in the next section.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng chu\u00f4ng l\u1eb7n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Photis Mastoridis v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1863, m\u1ed9t thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Symi t\u00ean l\u00e0 Photis (Fotis) Mastoridis \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Bombay (l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Anh) v\u00e0 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u201cscaphander\u201d b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thau \u2013 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u0169 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 g\u1eafn th\u00eam \u1ee7ng v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed \u2013 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Mastoridis \u0111\u00e3 mang b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Symi, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t minh n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Aegean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eugenia Mastoridis: L\u1ea7n l\u1eb7n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1eb7n Scaphander an to\u00e0n, v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Mastoridis, Eugenia, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eb7n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0 l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3ng Gialos. \u0110\u1ed9i m\u0169 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i \u1ee7ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Eugenia \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng trong chuy\u1ebfn l\u1eb7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u0103m 1863, r\u1ed3i n\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed mang t\u00ednh c\u1ed9ng sinh khi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Symian l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1eb7n bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lan t\u1ecfa b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n l\u1eb7n bi\u1ec3n kh\u1eafp qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Dodecanese.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tin t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 chu\u00f4ng l\u1eb7n lan truy\u1ec1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong gi\u1edbi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Hy L\u1ea1p. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1868, \u0111\u1ea3o Kalymnos g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 trang b\u1ecb 10 thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 30 th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eb7n; \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1869, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 15 b\u1ed9. Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chu\u00f4ng l\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf Symi, Kalymnos v\u00e0 kh\u1eafp qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Dodecanese. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn: v\u1edbi m\u0169 th\u1edf, th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n Symi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi t\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eb7n t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi: B\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi khai th\u00e1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tai n\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eb7n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bu\u1ed3ng gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p. C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3: trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f9a l\u1eb7n n\u0103m 1867, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng 10 trong s\u1ed1 24 th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u00e0n t\u1eadt. Trong n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eb7n bi\u1ec3n \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Hy L\u1ea1p, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 10.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do \"b\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p\" v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed7i l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cay \u0111\u1eafng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u0169 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n Aegean<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ngh\u1ec1 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1edf Hy L\u1ea1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Symi l\u00e0 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5 ong (\u0110\u0129a x\u1ed1p<\/em>, ho\u1eb7c Cappadocia<\/em> (b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p), b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m (Spongia officinalis<\/em>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong v\u00f9ng l\u00e0 M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/em> ho\u1eb7c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi<\/em>), v\u00e0 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n tai voi (Hippospongia equina<\/em> ho\u1eb7c Psathouri\/Lagofito<\/em>M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5 ong (Kapadiko):<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00f4 r\u00e1p. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, n\u00f3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecdt, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1eafm r\u1eeda th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e0 r\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n l\u1ee5a (Th\u00f4\/M\u1ecbn):<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u n\u00e0y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c da tinh t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c matapas t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u v\u00e0 m\u00e1t h\u01a1n, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u s\u1ee3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn cho n\u00f3. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch da m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u1eafm cho tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n tai voi (Lagofito\/Psathouri):<\/strong> V\u1edbi l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng c\u1ee1 trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n d\u00e0y, mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n tai voi ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o, r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea9y t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ebft (ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t da) v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/td>T\u00ean Hy L\u1ea1p<\/strong><\/td>K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \/ K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
    B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5 ong<\/td>Kapadia<\/em><\/td>L\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng to, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00f4 r\u00e1p<\/td>T\u1eafm r\u1eeda, ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh<\/td><\/tr>
    B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m<\/td>M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/em> (cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi)<\/td>L\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 nhung.<\/td>r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t, t\u1eafm cho em b\u00e9<\/td><\/tr>
    b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n tai voi<\/td>Psathouri<\/em> (lagofito)<\/td>L\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u s\u0103n ch\u1eafc<\/td>T\u1ea9y t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ebft, ch\u00e0 r\u1eeda nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i c\u0169ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. N\u00f3i chung, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n kapadiko \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1edbn s\u1ebd s\u1eabm m\u00e0u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u n\u00f4ng h\u01a1n. Sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi cho ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, th\u1ea5m h\u00fat t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng; n\u1ebfu b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u khi l\u1eb7n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n. Nh\u00ecn chung, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n kapadiko \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u h\u01a1n, trong khi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \"b\u1ea1c\" ho\u1eb7c \"\u0111en\") th\u00ec s\u1eabm m\u00e0u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ebb c\u00e1 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u n\u00e0y v\u00ec b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n s\u1ebd b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn: T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u01a1, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y nh\u1eb9 b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u m\u00e0u. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. M\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u2013 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n, l\u00e2u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u2013 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111a b\u00e0o c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 600\u2013700 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c san h\u00f4 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. V\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00eanh v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y: n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i v\u00e0o qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra qua c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c l\u00e0, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t kilogram b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01a1m kho\u1ea3ng 20.000\u201324.000 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh dung, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb sinh th\u00e1i: b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n gi\u00fap gi\u1eef cho n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf c\u00e1c r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm. Sau khi b\u1ecb c\u1eaft, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh m\u00f4 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t. B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 1-2 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc thu ho\u1ea1ch trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n t\u1eebng lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c khai th\u00e1c. Trong m\u1ed9t r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, sinh kh\u1ed1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u2013 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ebbm n\u00fai \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i, th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c. B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3o v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ed9ng sinh, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i l\u00f3t v\u00f4 tri v\u00f4 gi\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean so v\u1edbi b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p: T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Symi l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y nay<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay th\u1ebf cho b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 mi\u1ebfng l\u00f3t b\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a vi nh\u1ef1a. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, trong khi b\u1ecdt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng h\u01a1n cho da. Nh\u1edd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1edf, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c l\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i h\u01a1n khi \u01b0\u1edbt. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m t\u1eafm to\u00e0n th\u00e2n (b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n kapadiko r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t cho v\u00f2i sen) \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n fino nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong v\u1ebd tranh m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc). Ch\u1ecdn b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/strong><\/td>B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/strong><\/td>B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
    Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c<\/td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n<\/td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bnh\u1ef1a<\/td><\/tr>
    Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/td>K\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u00ean)<\/td>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng.<\/td><\/tr>
    T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/td>Ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t vi nh\u1ef1a (g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m)<\/td><\/tr>
    Kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng<\/td>N\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 c\u00f3 (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t)<\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n.<\/td><\/tr>
    C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/td>T\u1eafm r\u1eeda, d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/td>D\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, c\u1ecd r\u1eeda<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Tham quan Symi: Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m Di s\u1ea3n B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn Symi (B\u1ebfn ph\u00e0 Rhodes, 90 ph\u00fat)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    T\u1eeb Rhodes, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn Symi nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u00e0 kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8) t\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng Mandraki c\u1ee7a Rhodes \u0111\u1ebfn Gialos c\u1ee7a Symi, chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 90 ph\u00fat. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng h\u00e8, t\u00e0u cao t\u1ed1c hai th\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian di chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u00f9a. T\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng Gialos, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111i b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n trong l\u00e0ng \u2013 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn Ano Symi, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i leo d\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft taxi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (kho\u1ea3ng 20 ph\u00fat \u0111i b\u1ed9). T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2025, ph\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng quanh n\u0103m (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00edt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng), gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i trong ng\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Symi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Symi, n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 \u1edf Ano Symi, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o. Tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean ba t\u1ea7ng, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eb7n, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m d\u00e2y th\u1eebng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n. Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u0169 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m c\u0169, nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 skandalopetra c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc neo t\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee5c v\u1edbt t\u1eeb c\u00e1c x\u00e1c t\u00e0u c\u1ed5. (L\u01b0u \u00fd c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng: c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 15-20 ph\u00fat \u0111i b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb Gialos \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i kh\u00e1 d\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu tr\u1eddi r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111i taxi ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Mua b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Gialos<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Gialos, chuy\u1ebfn tham quan Symi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng gh\u00e9 th\u0103m c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng l\u01b0u ni\u1ec7m \u1edf b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00e1n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u201cb\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Hy L\u1ea1p\u201d) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 \u00f4 liu v\u00e0 m\u1eadt ong \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i trong l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u1ea9m. H\u00e3y c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang: b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n bi\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i khi \u01b0\u1edbt, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4 r\u00e1p. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u1ea3 ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh (kapadiko, fino, psathouri) v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng khuy\u00ean n\u00ean th\u1eed b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m \u01b0\u1edbt n\u00f3 trong b\u1ed3n r\u1eeda \u2013 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u s\u1ebd n\u1edf g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i h\u01a1n khi \u01b0\u1edbt, trong khi b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t c\u0169 s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u1ee9ng. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u2013 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, d\u00e0y h\u01a1n (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eabm). C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ng\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf Kalymnos, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Symi khuy\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean th\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m \u01b0\u1edbt ch\u00fang trong b\u1ed3n r\u1eeda. B\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cM\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n th\u1eadt s\u1ebd n\u1edf g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i khi \u01b0\u1edbt\u201d, trong khi b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m s\u1ebd gi\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 v\u1ee5n khi \u1ea9m. B\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n: v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4, m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m.<\/p>G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng
    <\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    B\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    V\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n trong xanh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Symi m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi du kh\u00e1ch kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n. M\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 tham gia m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c l\u1eb7n ng\u1eafm san h\u00f4. N\u1ebfu \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i thuy\u1ec1n ng\u1eafn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2013 Agia Marina (Ayia Marina):<\/strong> B\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n tr\u1ea3i s\u1ecfi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc d\u00f9 che n\u1eafng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n du ngo\u1ea1n 20 ph\u00fat t\u1eeb Gialos. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u1eb7ng, n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean r\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh.
    \u2013 Agios Georgios Dyssalonas:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t v\u1ecbnh nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb Gialos. Du kh\u00e1ch \u01b0a m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f4i khi nh\u1ea3y t\u1eeb v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc trong v\u1eaft \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y (\u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb 15-20 m\u00e9t) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh.
    \u2013 T\u1ea1o n\u00ean:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t v\u1ecbnh y\u00ean t\u0129nh n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Gialos (c\u00e1ch kho\u1ea3ng 10 ph\u00fat \u0111i b\u1ed9). \u0110\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1t, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu cho \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00fap l\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1eafng.
    \u2013 Marathon:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i cho du kh\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tham quan: L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Symi (th\u00e1ng 7\u2013th\u00e1ng 9)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Symi nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00ec l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1995, h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 khi\u00eau v\u0169 Symi h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9. C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c (th\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0 t\u00e0n t\u00edch l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, d\u00e2n gian v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c jazz. Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1ng 8 n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ed7 \u1edf v\u00e0 v\u00e9 ph\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng, v\u00ec h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac trong th\u1eddi gian di\u1ec5n ra l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 mu\u1ed9n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c m\u00f9a chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp m\u00e1t m\u1ebb h\u01a1n (th\u00e1ng 5-6 ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 9) c\u00f3 \u00edt s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u1eabn d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd vui v\u1ebb chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c pho m\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn mua m\u00fat Symi ch\u00ednh h\u00e3ng: C\u1ea9m nang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Sau ng\u1ea7n \u1ea5y n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua s\u1eafm tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Symi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u1eafc m\u1eafc: l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t? D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i khi \u01b0\u1edbt, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ed7 x\u1ed1p \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, thoang tho\u1ea3ng m\u00f9i \u0111\u1ea5t (tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9i tanh n\u1ed3ng). B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n th\u1eadt c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng t\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n l\u00e0m \u1ea9m n\u00f3 \u2013 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n th\u1eadt s\u1ebd n\u1edf ra v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> Ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i b\u00f4ng t\u1eafm ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1eafm v\u00e0 r\u1eeda c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn b\u00f4ng t\u1eafm c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m v\u1eeba ho\u1eb7c m\u1ecbn (Cappadocia<\/em> ho\u1eb7c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi<\/em>) l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ebft (ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t da th\u00f4 r\u00e1p), m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng m\u00fat tai voi th\u00f4 (psathouri<\/em>Mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ebd g\u1ee3i \u00fd lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi da nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3:<\/strong> Gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024, m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n nh\u1ecf d\u00f9ng khi \u0111i du l\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 v\u00e0i euro, trong khi m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn, d\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 euro. (L\u1ee5a)cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi<\/em>Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i m\u00fat trang tr\u00ed (c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Kalymnos) th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao nh\u1ea5t. H\u00e3y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng m\u00fat trang tr\u00ed l\u00e0 100% t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. M\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng uy t\u00edn th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u, h\u00e3y r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch k\u1ef9 sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u1eaft b\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eeba (tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng v\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c quay m\u1ea1nh). V\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, ng\u00e2m mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 pha m\u1ed9t \u00edt gi\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i. Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m \u2013 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1eafm t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0: T\u1eeb Symi \u0111\u1ebfn Tarpon Springs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Hy L\u1ea1p \u1edf Florida<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Di s\u1ea3n ngh\u1ec1 khai th\u00e1c b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Symi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1900, c\u00e1c doanh nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Hy L\u1ea1p (nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Symi v\u00e0 Kalymnos) \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n V\u1ecbnh Florida. \u0110\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1940, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p \u1edf Tarpon Springs, Florida, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p cho th\u1ea5y Tarpon Springs t\u1eebng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 100 t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u1eb7n b\u1eb1ng \u1ed1ng scaphander) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Florida, gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Sau n\u0103m 1985, m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c b\u00e3i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Tarpon. Tarpon Springs k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng B\u1ebfn t\u00e0u B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Symi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ngh\u1ec1 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai qu\u1ed1c gia, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eabn b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t. Symi v\u00e0 Tarpon Springs ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c k\u1ebft ngh\u0129a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008 \u2013 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho di s\u1ea3n chung c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u1ede c\u1ea3 hai n\u01a1i, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu ch\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi du kh\u00e1ch, chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Tarpon Springs mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng song song trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y: nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u0169 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec7m b\u00e1nh Hy L\u1ea1p s\u1ebd quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u1ea1o quanh b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng Gialos. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Symi, B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef cho k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n \u1ea5y s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i. Cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch thu ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eebng mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n hay m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u00e0ng kim c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Ngh\u1ec1 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Symi ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng?
      M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> Ngh\u1ec1 l\u1eb7n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf Symi n\u1eefa. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 khi c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Kalymnos. Ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n nh\u1ea3y t\u1eeb thuy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Symi n\u1eefa \u2013 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, di s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. (B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng Symi, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb Kalymnos.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao l\u00e2u?
      M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1 b\u1ec1n n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00ean trong ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u00ednh h\u00e3ng s\u1ebd b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Symi v\u00e0 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Kalymnos l\u00e0 g\u00ec?
      M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u2013 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng xung quanh Symi v\u00e0 Kalymnos. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd. Symi t\u1eebng l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m khai th\u00e1c b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n sang Kalymnos. \u201cB\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Kalymnos\u201d hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Symi. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf (do \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9a) ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u201cb\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Hy L\u1ea1p\u201d \u1edf Symi ng\u00e0y nay th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Kalymnos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n Skandalopetra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7n s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?
      M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> Symian freedivers achieved astonishing depths. Historical records report dives to over 200 ft. For example, two Symian brothers reportedly reached 40 fathoms (about 240 ft) on a single breath. Another account mentions a diver surfacing from 250 ft under water. Typically, skilled Symian freedivers could reliably reach around 60\u201370 m (200\u2013230 ft) with the stone-weight technique, depending on conditions and training.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng?
      M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng (sinh v\u1eadt \u0111a b\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n). Khi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n c\u1eaft ch\u00fang t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng; c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \"b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng\" c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u \u1edf Symi kh\u00f4ng?
      M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1ed3i. N\u01a1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 mua b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3ng Gialos. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cqu\u00e0 l\u01b0u ni\u1ec7m\u201d) tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecf b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y b\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7m n\u1eafm s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Mua \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. (H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n Hy L\u1ea1p hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Kalymnos, nh\u01b0ng mua \u1edf Symi s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.) M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 100% t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Symi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?
      M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Symi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00f9a h\u00e8 th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean (th\u00e1ng 7 \u2013 th\u00e1ng 9) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1995. L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, d\u00e2n gian v\u00e0 jazz, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u00faa v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 phong c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 t\u00e0n t\u00edch l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1eeb Rhodes v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1ng 8, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi sao \u2013 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e9 ph\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadt s\u1edbm, v\u00ec h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng di\u1ec5n ra l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 phong ph\u00fa, Symi, m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n Aegean, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn du kh\u00e1ch. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1970, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 xinh \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 s\u1eafc m\u00e0u, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u1eddi gian. T\u1eeb b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng Yialos \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n y\u00ean t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a Pedi, Symi mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o gi\u1eefa v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm kho b\u00e1u \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3659,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-summer-destinations","category-magazine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2583","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2583"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2583\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2583"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2583"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}