Ng\u00e0y nay, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng an to\u00e0n, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ea1i sao m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 oxy l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 bung ra khi khoang m\u00e1y bay b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng nh\u00f4m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh? T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e8n trong khoang m\u00e1y bay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1edd v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam? Trong ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo, m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ef3 c\u1ef1u s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0y. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n phi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00e0nh, cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t khoang m\u00e1y bay, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng oxy v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong m\u00e1y bay hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. M\u1ed7i l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch t\u00f2 m\u00f2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft thay v\u00ec lo l\u1eafng. Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3: d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IATA) cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i bay m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y trong h\u01a1n 100.000 n\u0103m m\u1edbi g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i m\u00e1y bay v\u1eabn an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi l\u00e1i xe ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd do \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh b\u00ed \u1ea9n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00e1y bay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i bay \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao kho\u1ea3ng 30.000\u201340.000 feet, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i qu\u00e1 lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khoang m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao kho\u1ea3ng 6.000\u20138.000 feet so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. H\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u00f9 tai nh\u1eb9 do \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a oxy \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 8.000 feet th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 100 mmHg \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao kho\u1ea3ng 12.500 feet. \u1ede \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 12.500 feet so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 oxy trong m\u00e1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung oxy n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p khoang m\u00e1y bay g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u0103ng qu\u00e1 cao. C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a FAA ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y. Phi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng oxy n\u1ebfu bay \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 14.000 feet so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p oxy \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 15.000 feet. Trong c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, phi c\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t sao \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cabin \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p. N\u1ebfu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cabin t\u0103ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kho\u1ea3ng 14.000 feet, c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng bung m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed cho h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf quen thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 d\u00e2y \u0111ai an to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Humans typically lose consciousness rapidly if there isn\u2019t enough oxygen. In fact, during a sudden loss of pressurization, the time of useful consciousness can be measured in seconds. Experimental data show that at 25,000 feet, a person may have only 3\u20135 minutes before hypoxia impairs them, and at 35,000 feet that time can shrink to 30 seconds or less. In practical terms, if cabin pressure suddenly falls, passengers have only a very short window \u2013 on the order of half a minute \u2013 to get an oxygen mask on before drowsiness and confusion set in. The \u201coxygen mask\u201d bag under your seat moves more slowly; the actual oxygen comes as soon as you tug the mask forward. (Indeed, even if the bag does not visibly inflate, oxygen flow is already underway.) These figures explain why airlines emphasize the quick-onset danger: a passenger might feel fine a moment ago, but without supplemental oxygen severe impairment can come on almost instantly. The takeaway is simple: once masks fall, pull yours on immediately. It will supply roughly 10\u201314 minutes of pure oxygen \u2013 enough time for pilots to descend to safe altitudes (below about 10,000 feet) where supplemental oxygen is no longer needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed cho h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch l\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gh\u1ebf. Ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng bung ra khi \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong cabin t\u0103ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 13.000\u201314.000 feet. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cabin \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 cao nguy hi\u1ec3m \u2013 h\u00e3y coi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do m\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o c\u1ea7n g\u1ea1t k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng tay n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Khi b\u1ea1n nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng \"c\u1ea1ch\" v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 oxy \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed7i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o oxy nh\u1ecf, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t k\u00edn. Khi b\u1ea1n k\u00e9o m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda m\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u00ean trong m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o oxy (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 natri clorat c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed9t s\u1eaft) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra oxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eadt \u2013 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n k\u00e9o nh\u1eb9 l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng oxy s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng: ph\u1ea7n m\u0169 tr\u00f9m (t\u00fai) g\u1eafn v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00f3ng b\u01a1m h\u01a1i hay ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p oxy; n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u00fai v\u1eabn m\u1ec1m nh\u0169n, oxy v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u1edf b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng; c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong khoang m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 oxy kho\u1ea3ng 40\u2013100% t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What are masks filled with? Once you pull the mask, it\u2019s not a cylinder of pure oxygen. Instead, a chemical generator produces oxygen: commonly sodium chlorate and iron oxide burn in a quick, hot reaction to supply oxygen. These materials are safe to breathe, though you might smell something like burning metal dust (it is normal). The system is designed for one-time use; the chemical reaction cannot be stopped once started. That\u2019s why the FAA mandates each commercial flight carry enough oxygen for at least 10 minutes of descent \u2013 the plane simply doesn\u2019t need longer supplemental supply because pilots will aim to land below 10,000 feet within that time. In practice, an aircraft without pressure will descend rapidly; 10\u201314 minutes of oxygen in the mask is ample.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u00fai kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m c\u0103ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, oxy v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p. T\u00fai kh\u00ed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a; qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cung c\u1ea5p oxy b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c khi b\u1ea1n \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1.<\/p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111i m\u00e1y bay, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u201c\u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 cho m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 30 gi\u00e2y tr\u00f4i qua tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu oxy l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy. Cha m\u1eb9 n\u00e0o c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 cho con tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 cho m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn: ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u1ebb em ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quy t\u1eafc \u201c\u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed cho m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu oxy: n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oxy b\u1ed5 sung, s\u1ef1 minh m\u1eabn s\u1ebd suy gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u1ede \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 20.000 feet (kho\u1ea3ng 6.900 m\u00e9t), t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t ph\u00fat. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n (tr\u00ean 25.000 feet) c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0i ph\u00fat. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha m\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap \u0111ang ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ecbp gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. KH\u00d4NG<\/em> M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00e0nh v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111eo kh\u1ea9u trang, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00ecnh v\u1eabn t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u2014 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn an to\u00e0n lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t y khoa x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nguy c\u01a1 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebfu oxy bao g\u1ed3m h\u01b0ng ph\u1ea5n, l\u00fa l\u1eabn v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p k\u00e9m. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 cho tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian: m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 oxy, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bnh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ebfn bay v\u00ec phi c\u00f4ng kia \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu oxy sau khi tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng oxy v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p ri\u00eang. M\u1ed7i phi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 oxy \u0111eo nhanh trong t\u1ea7m tay \u2013 lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111eo b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tay ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y. (Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a FAA y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong v\u00f2ng 5 gi\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u00edt h\u01a1n.) Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, c\u01a1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 ph\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 n\u00e0y ban \u0111\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p 100% oxy nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong khoang m\u00e1y bay khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1edbn (tr\u00ean M\u1ee9c bay 350) c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t phi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n oxy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed, c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u201cH\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p!\u201d v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quy tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n; m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n. M\u00e1y bay s\u1ebd ch\u00fac m\u0169i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 cao nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng an to\u00e0n. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa gi\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (\u201cd\u01b0\u1edbi 10.000 feet\u201d) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p oxy c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t. M\u1ed7i m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Song song \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb khoang h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch cho vi\u1ec7c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t chuy\u1ebfn bay, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t. M\u00e1y bay ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p cabin \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 phi c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p. V\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed ra kh\u1ecfi cabin d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Sau khi h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 cao xu\u1ed1ng v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u00e0y h\u01a1n, phi c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd t\u1eaft m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 oxy kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (khi \u0111\u00e3 an to\u00e0n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u01b0\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 3.700 m\u00e9t) v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. H\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y kim ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, phi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng gi\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy hi\u1ec3m cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea cho th\u1ea5y trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y bay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i b\u1ecb s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m (kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i 1.000 gi\u1edd bay). H\u01a1n 70 m\u00e1y bay tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1ecb s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00e1y bay hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc l\u1ed3ng Faraday kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3: l\u1edbp v\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n xung quanh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00e1y bay. M\u1ed9t phi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau: ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o m\u0169i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1nh, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n qua l\u1edbp v\u1ecf v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u00e9p sau), trong khi n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t cabin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tia s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i l\u00f3a v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng s\u1ea5m. \u0110\u00f4i khi, \u0111\u00e8n trong khoang m\u00e1y bay nh\u1ea5p nh\u00e1y trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng (\u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng) v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Th\u00e2n m\u00e1y bay b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m \u2014 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c composite \u0111\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u2014 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ebfm khi th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u00e0o; nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t, phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ecb s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng cho th\u1ea5y trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, r\u1ea5t \u00edt s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy t\u00ecm l\u00e0 do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u00e9t. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u201ctr\u1ea3i qua to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ebfn bay m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y g\u00ec\u201d khi s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, s\u00e9t truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, khi\u1ebfn b\u00ean trong an to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 t\u00f4 trong c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u2013 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u1ed3ng Faraday \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh phim k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh, vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda cho m\u00e1y bay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. M\u1ecdi m\u00e1y bay ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch hai \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c bay ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ETOPS (Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0110\u00f4i T\u1ea7m xa) t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c hai \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n \u1edf xa c\u00e1c s\u00e2n bay d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 180 ph\u00fat ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1) s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec chuy\u1ebfn bay ho\u1eb7c cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e2n bay thay th\u1ebf. Phi c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1ee3n xa bao nhi\u00eau khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng? Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m l\u01b0\u1ee3n r\u1ea5t xa. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \"Gimli Glider\" n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u0103m 1983 (Chuy\u1ebfn bay 143 c\u1ee7a Air Canada) ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bm\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Boeing 767 - bay \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 41.000 feet - l\u01b0\u1ee3n h\u01a1n 70 d\u1eb7m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng an to\u00e0n sau khi h\u1ebft nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u. V\u00e0 \"Ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng Hudson\" n\u0103m 2009 (Chuy\u1ebfn bay 1549 c\u1ee7a US Airways) ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bm\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Airbus A320 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng sau khi c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecfng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng. Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y bay \u0111ang l\u01b0\u1ee3n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh an to\u00e0n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n) \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea9y. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. C\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd bay l\u01a1 l\u1eedng ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1ee3n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u1eebng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e8n trong khoang m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam khi c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh, l\u00fd do n\u1eb1m \u1edf th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi m\u1eaft chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng sang b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 20-30 ph\u00fat) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e8n trong khoang m\u00e1y bay ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i, phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00edch nghi n\u00e0y. \u201cKhi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u00ec sao v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, m\u1eaft b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh sau khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh,\u201d m\u1ed9t phi c\u00f4ng k\u1ef3 c\u1ef1u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1edd cho ph\u00e9p m\u1eaft h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, gi\u1ea3m \u201cth\u1eddi gian th\u00edch nghi\u201d. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u01a1 t\u00e1n kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p sau khi tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p nhanh h\u01a1n, thay v\u00ec m\u00f2 m\u1eabm trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u1ee7i ro cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ebfn bay, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e8n c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00f3i b\u00ean trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n (v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1eeda, kh\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng y\u1ebfu, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ph\u00e1t quang trong cabin d\u1ecdc theo s\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n, cung c\u1ea5p t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c quan t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, quy t\u1eafc gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng s\u01a1 t\u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t t\u1eeb \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cabin ch\u00f3i l\u00f3a sang b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1eabn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch t\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y bay trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfm hoi, vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eebng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eaft \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u01b0\u1edbi 10.000 feet \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \"nhi\u1ec5u\" \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a FAA v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a FAA n\u0103m 2013 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201ch\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec5u s\u00f3ng radio t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ea7m tay\u201d. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n nay th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng, m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y bay trong su\u1ed1t chuy\u1ebfn bay, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u00fac c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef an to\u00e0n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo s\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec5u s\u00f3ng. (\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1m thu ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u2013 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, l\u00fd do hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh: h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly kh\u1ecfi \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec trong bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a FAA hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bay. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c FAA gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec5u n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t hi infrequent (c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 1% c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p) n\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfm hoi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eaft. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ee9 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c phim \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng sau khi m\u00e1y bay c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u1eeda nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, d\u00f9 tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf kh\u00f3a t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1edfi phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u sau bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o \u201cNH\u00c0 V\u1ec6 SINH\u201d b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1t nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf kh\u00f3a kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. Ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ea7n l\u1eadt b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch ng\u00e3 qu\u1ef5 b\u00ean trong) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1y bay. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, \u201cnh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh nh\u1ecf \u1ea5m c\u00fang \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129\u201d \u2014 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat g\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean s\u1ebd g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, v\u00e0 phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ch\u1ed1t m\u1edf kh\u00f3a kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n An to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. Theo lu\u1eadt, m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00e1y d\u00f2 kh\u00f3i. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh n\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u1ea5m v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u00e1y d\u00f2 kh\u00f3i. Theo lu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea1t n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n ngay tr\u00ean c\u1eeda. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u00e0o (c\u0169ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 v\u1ee9t v\u1eadt \u0111ang ch\u00e1y v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng r\u00e1c, chu\u00f4ng b\u00e1o kh\u00f3i s\u1ebd k\u00eau ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n can thi\u1ec7p. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: c\u00e1c tai n\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch gi\u1ea5u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 trong th\u00f9ng r\u00e1c. Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u00e1y d\u00f2 kh\u00f3i trong m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i chuy\u1ebfn bay \u2013 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ea1i sao g\u1ea1t t\u00e0n thu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u sau khi l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: an to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a li\u00ean bang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t g\u1ea1t t\u00e0n thu\u1ed1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c. T\u1ea1i sao? B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch v\u1eabn ch\u00e2m thu\u1ed1c, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft n\u00f3. V\u1ee9t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c \u0111ang ch\u00e1y v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng r\u00e1c nh\u1ef1a (th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 l\u1ecd thu\u1ed1c h\u1ecd l\u1ea5y) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Chi\u1ebfc g\u1ea1t t\u00e0n kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean c\u1eeda nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, g\u1ea1t t\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \"c\u1eeda b\u1eaby l\u1eeda\" th\u00f4ng minh: n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 lu\u1eadt (nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c), nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ed9p kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u1eef l\u1eeda v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho n\u00f3 lan r\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \"hai b\u01b0\u1edbc\" m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd cho r\u1eb1ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y trong khoang m\u00e1y bay. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \"h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m - nh\u01b0ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u1ea1t t\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c b\u1eefa \u0103n c\u1ee7a phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n c\u0169ng tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u phi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn bay ph\u1ea3i \u0103n c\u00e1c b\u1eefa \u0103n kh\u00e1c nhau \u2013 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb \u1ed1m do \u0103n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n. C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ebfn bay ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e3n l\u1ea1i: n\u0103m 1982, m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n tr\u00e1ng mi\u1ec7ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn s\u00e1u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Boeing 747 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n sau khi c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, hai phi c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0103n c\u00e1c m\u00f3n ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ed1m. C\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n g\u1ecdi m\u00f3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e3ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1eddi gian \u0103n u\u1ed1ng so le. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t phi c\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y bay. (C\u1ee5c H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Li\u00ean bang M\u1ef9 (FAA) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong ng\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf d\u00e0i.) Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c b\u1eefa \u0103n c\u1ee7a phi c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 chia kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho c\u1ea3 hai phi c\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed3 \u0103n nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef trong bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p chuy\u1ebfn bay b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0103n u\u1ed1ng k\u00e9p: kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i khi \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb \u1ed1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111i m\u00e1y bay c\u00f9ng tr\u1ebb em c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean th\u00e1o pin ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng pin n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh. Pin c\u00fac \u00e1o ho\u1eb7c pin AA b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh b\u1eadt l\u00ean n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i b\u1ecb x\u00ea d\u1ecbch \u2013 h\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t con b\u00fap b\u00ea k\u00eau ch\u00edp ch\u00edp ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe ch\u1ea1y m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecdc l\u1ed1i \u0111i. T\u1ec7 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, pin b\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, cha m\u1eb9 n\u00ean t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1o pin ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean m\u00e1y bay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin lithium c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n. Pin lithium kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c pin lithium-ion d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (ch\u01b0a l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t) \u2013 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ea1c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c pin AAA d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u2013 b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m trong h\u00e0nh l\u00fd k\u00fd g\u1eedi. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang trong khoang h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch. N\u1ebfu pin qu\u00e1 n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y, ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, trong khi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y trong khoang h\u00e0nh l\u00fd k\u00fd g\u1eedi s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u1ee9a pin lithium (\u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i) c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 trong h\u00e0nh l\u00fd x\u00e1ch tay. C\u1ee5c H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Li\u00ean bang Hoa K\u1ef3 (FAA) khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o n\u00ean t\u1eaft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c \u201cb\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean\u201d n\u1ebfu mang l\u00ean m\u00e1y bay. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch khi \u0111i du l\u1ecbch: h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 pin d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng trong h\u00e0nh l\u00fd x\u00e1ch tay, d\u00e1n b\u0103ng keo v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c pin v\u00e0 c\u1ea5t pin d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng trong t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi pin so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i \u2013 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n n\u00ean \u201cmang theo h\u00e0nh l\u00fd x\u00e1ch tay, kh\u00f4ng k\u00fd g\u1eedi\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lithium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c boa ti\u1ec1n cho ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nhanh g\u1ecdn: trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n boa ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng coi ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia an to\u00e0n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. (H\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Frontier Airlines l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd; h\u00e3ng n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn boa ti\u1ec1n khi mua h\u00e0ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.) Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5m \u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t t\u1edd n\u0103m \u0111\u00f4 la. H\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch mu\u1ed1n b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n n\u00ean khen ng\u1ee3i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi email cho h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 nh\u1ecf th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n (s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m thi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i boa ti\u1ec1n cho ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng; \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u1ec1n boa. T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, vi\u1ebft l\u1eddi khen ng\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7p \"c\u1ea3m \u01a1n\" \u1edf khoang h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00eau b\u1eadt d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u1edd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t an to\u00e0n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, m\u00e1y bay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. M\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 b\u01a1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng; m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chuy\u1ebfn bay c\u00f3 ba b\u1ea3n sao; th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee5. M\u00e1y bay m\u1edbi tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u2013 c\u00e0ng h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 cao xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n, th\u00e2n m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c cao, c\u00e1nh m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00fang u\u1ed1n cong h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m m\u00e9t. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh b\u1ecb g\u00e3y. Ch\u1ec9 sau khi m\u00e1y bay ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c linh ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, n\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t n\u00e0y. T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n 95% trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1: s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i tri\u1ec7u chuy\u1ebfn bay. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, IATA l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i bay 365 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t n\u0103m trong h\u01a1n 100.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, tai n\u1ea1n hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 trong phim. M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf (m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng y t\u1ebf) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a an to\u00e0n, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm th\u00f4ng qua danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra trong bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cN\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u1eebng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bm\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta phun ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y l\u00ean n\u00f3 \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t khi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau,\u201d m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft. \u201c\u0110\u1ebfn khi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay m\u1edbi ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c m\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao. Bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i m\u00e1y bay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sao cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfm hoi c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecfng, phi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh an to\u00e0n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1edd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \"kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u00ecm\" c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec5u \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Phi c\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp cho c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap m\u00e1y bay ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c bay \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 14.000 feet?<\/strong> \u2013 B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u00f3, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong cabin r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p n\u00ean n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 oxy trong m\u00e1u gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee9c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 14.000 feet (kho\u1ea3ng 4.227 m\u00e9t) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 xu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu oxy nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecfng?<\/strong> \u2013 M\u00e1y bay s\u1ebd l\u01b0\u1ee3n. Phi c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u00e2n bay ho\u1eb7c b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng) v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. M\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u01b0\u1ee3n cho ph\u00e9p bay h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c d\u1eb7m ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \"M\u00e1y bay l\u01b0\u1ee3n Gimli\" \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e8n cabin khi h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh?<\/strong> \u2013 \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1eaft b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i s\u01a1 t\u00e1n v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m kh\u1ecfi cabin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i khi m\u00e1y bay c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> \u2013 Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y bay. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n nay ph\u00e1t ra nhi\u1ec5u s\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y bay trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh\/h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh. L\u00fd do quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> \u2013 V\u00e2ng. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1t \u1ea9n ph\u00eda sau t\u1ea5m bi\u1ec3n \"NH\u00c0 V\u1ec6 SINH\" b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng b\u00ean trong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea1i sao phi c\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0103n nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa \u0103n kh\u00e1c nhau?<\/strong> \u2013 \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa \u0103n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t phi c\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ed1m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e1i m\u00e1y bay an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f4i c\u00f3 n\u00ean boa cho ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> \u2013 N\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c boa ti\u1ec1n cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n ho\u1eb7c l\u1eddi khen b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec7n nay, nhi\u1ec1u \u201cb\u00ed \u1ea9n\u201d v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n bay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang ta kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t oxy nhanh ch\u00f3ng do \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u0110\u00e8n m\u1edd \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u1eeda t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edf kh\u00f3a v\u00ec l\u00fd do \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn ra. Phi c\u00f4ng \u0103n nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa \u0103n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn bay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba nh\u1eb1m x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi. M\u1ed7i cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5n t\u1eadp an to\u00e0n, m\u1ed7i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec g\u1ea1t t\u00e0n thu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay c\u1ea5m h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, b\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong khoang m\u00e1y bay so v\u1edbi tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c trong nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y T\u1ea1i sao<\/em> \u0110\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ed7i quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i mang l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng g\u1ea7m v\u00e0 \u00e1nh ch\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tia s\u00e9t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e8n cabin m\u1edd \u0111i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 h\u01a1n trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y qua l\u0103ng k\u00ednh kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1eabn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cAn to\u00e0n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o sau\u201d. L\u1ea7n t\u1edbi khi b\u1ea1n nghe th\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00e1y bay b\u1ecb gi\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh trong nhi turbulence, h\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ed7i bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" H\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ea1i sao m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e8n cabin l\u1ea1i m\u1edd \u0111i khi c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn bay. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cabin, t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch lo l\u1eafng khi \u0111i m\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m: vi\u1ec7c \u0111i m\u00e1y bay v\u1eabn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng an to\u00e0n. (Th\u00f4ng tin an to\u00e0n chuy\u1ebfn bay v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.)<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5199,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9,5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2222","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-interesting-facts","8":"category-magazine"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2222"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2222\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\nV\u00ec sao b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 mua kh\u1ea9u trang tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Phi c\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cabin nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
S\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay: Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u1ed3ng Faraday<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
H\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1: M\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ec sao \u0111\u00e8n cabin m\u1edd \u0111i khi c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n bay<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc g\u1ea1t t\u00e0n thu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay c\u1ea5m h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Quy tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1eefa \u0103n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Du l\u1ecbch c\u00f9ng tr\u1ebb em: An to\u00e0n pin v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n boa d\u00e0nh cho ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n bay<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Bay l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c di chuy\u1ec3n an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n