{"id":2200,"date":"2024-08-13T11:39:40","date_gmt":"2024-08-13T11:39:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/staging\/?p=2200"},"modified":"2026-02-26T02:33:20","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T02:33:20","slug":"20-phong-tuc-cua-nguoi-my-gay-kho-chiu-o-cac-nuoc-khac-tren-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/magazine\/travel-tips\/20-american-customs-that-are-offensive-in-the-rest-of-the-world\/","title":{"rendered":"20 phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Khi kho\u1ea3ng 107,7 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111i du l\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 x\u1eed v\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t cho th\u1ea5y kho\u1ea3ng 76% ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfm h\u1ecda l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ec1 du kh\u00e1ch thi\u1ebfu t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 x\u1ea5u x\u00ed\" - m\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch \u1ed3n \u00e0o, th\u00f4 l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \"\u1ed3n \u00e0o v\u00e0 ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng\". H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch 20 th\u00f3i quen \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft... <em>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2u<\/em> M\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m. <em>T\u1ea1i sao<\/em> n\u00f3 b\u1ecb nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 <em>n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3<\/em>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc th\u00e1i tinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, du kh\u00e1ch M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ea5t cao (91\/100) tr\u00ean thang \u0111o ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Hofstede, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ni\u1ec1m tin m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o t\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 n\u00f3i chung coi tr\u1ecdng giao ti\u1ebfp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 giao ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, trong c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00edt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 Hoa K\u1ef3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u201cn\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng giao ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1nh n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d; ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh cam k\u1ebft. Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u so s\u00e1nh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt t\u1ecf ra ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00ednh trang tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n \u1edf M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c \u201clu\u00f4n x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9c danh v\u00e0 h\u1ecd\u201d; vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi t\u00ean ri\u00eang qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u663e\u5f97 qu\u00e1 th\u00e2n m\u1eadt. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, th\u00f3i quen m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u1edfi m\u1edf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 cho l\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Ti\u1ec1n boa cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c cho ti\u1ec1n boa kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. <strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c \u1edf T\u00e2y \u00c2u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Scandinavia, Ph\u00e1p, \u00dd):<\/strong> Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1ng. \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y, ti\u1ec1n boa l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 x\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, l\u00f2ng hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o qu\u1ed1c gia. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tin r\u1eb1ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong gi\u00e1 b\u1eefa \u0103n ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n boa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n tin Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u201cb\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t r\u1ed3i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u00eam\u201d. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m b\u1edfi ti\u1ec1n boa kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1eadn t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 coi ti\u1ec1n boa l\u1edbn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng xu ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n boa 15-20% \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng coi l\u00e0 \u201cthi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d, v\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 5%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, <strong>kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean boa ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/strong>M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 nh\u1ecf (nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean k\u1eb9o) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang v\u1ec1 nghi th\u1ee9c khuy\u00ean r\u1eb1ng \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o phong b\u00ec n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n t\u1eb7ng qu\u00e0 \u2013 nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i \u201carigat\u014d gozaimasu\u201d (c\u1ea3m \u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. \u1ede ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n <strong>L\u00e0m tr\u00f2n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n th\u1eeba<\/strong>M\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n du l\u1ecbch l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a 5% t\u1ed5ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n (ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng xu tr\u00ean b\u00e0n) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, trong khi 15-20% c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u01a1i qu\u00e1. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y quan s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng xem th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5m \u00e1p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n ti\u1ec1n boa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-medium-font-size\"><blockquote><p>\u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0a ti\u1ec1n boa. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean), h\u00e3y b\u1ecf ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o phong b\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi \"c\u1ea3m \u01a1n\" ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u00fang m\u1ef1c.<\/p><cite>M\u1eb9o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9<br><\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. N\u00f3i qu\u00e1 to \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1:<\/strong> M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa, xe bu\u00fdt v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 trong nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng. <strong>C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u1eafc \u00c2u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, Ph\u1ea7n Lan) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c B\u1eafc \u00c2u:<\/strong> Im l\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. <strong>\u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Th\u1ee5y S\u0129:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng y\u00ean t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \"toa t\u00e0u im l\u1eb7ng\" r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f9a \u1ed3n \u00e0o tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c trong nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m m\u00ecnh x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 khi ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi \u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf. M\u1ed9t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng du l\u1ecbch Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cth\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9\u201d trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n \u1ed3n \u00e0o tr\u00ean t\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng: \u201c\u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng\u201d, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u201cr\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9\u201d. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00ean t\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u00ean <strong>gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i to v\u00ec ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc b\u01b0\u1edbc ra ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf thay v\u00ec v\u1eady. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 rung v\u00e0 nghe \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01a1i y\u00ean t\u0129nh, tr\u00e1nh xa nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng y\u00ean t\u0129nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i, v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean. \u1ede c\u1ea3 B\u1eafc \u00c2u v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, h\u00e3y coi t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c y\u00ean t\u0129nh. M\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc t\u1ed1t l\u00e0: n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ng\u1ea1i khi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn trong m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng y\u00ean t\u0129nh \u1edf nh\u00e0, h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ed1ng. Khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch im l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-medium-font-size\"><blockquote><p>M\u1ed9t blog v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn khuy\u00ean r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa, \u201c\u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m\u2026 l\u00e0 gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i R\u1ea4T nh\u1ecf\u201d.<\/p><cite>G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n)<br><\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u201cGi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i l\u00ean\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Trung \u0110\u00f4ng (Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, v.v.) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u Phi:<\/strong> H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m th\u00f4 l\u1ed7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n gi\u1eefa. <strong>T\u00e2y Phi:<\/strong> N\u00f3 mang m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1ee5c t\u0129u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i (nh\u01b0 Hy L\u1ea1p hay Sardinia) v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 Latinh, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 th\u00f4 t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede M\u1ef9, gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i l\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"t\u1ed1t\" ho\u1eb7c \"\u1ed5n\". Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i mang m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o du l\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u1edf Iran, Iraq v\u00e0 Afghanistan, c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \"\u0111\u1ed3 kh\u1ed1n n\u1ea1n\". \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Phi, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \"c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u00f4 l\u1ed7\" v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c t\u1ee5c t\u0129u. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi nghi ng\u1edd, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <strong>t\u1eeb ng\u1eef ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf<\/strong>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \"v\u00e2ng!\" \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 tay, v\u1eaby tay ho\u1eb7c x\u00f2e l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay (nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a) th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i l\u00ean c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m: \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u1edf M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u00edch c\u1ef1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf n\u1eeda kia th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. N\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n phi\u1ebfm qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Scandinavia (Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, Ph\u1ea7n Lan), \u0110\u1ee9c, Nga v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft chuy\u1ec7n x\u00e3 giao v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n phi\u1ebfm n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y. B\u1ea3n n\u0103ng b\u1eaft chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi \"B\u1ea1n kh\u1ecfe kh\u00f4ng?\" c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a coi tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a B\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u, s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 x\u1eed m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n du l\u1ecbch nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \"kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng quen bi\u1ebft nhau\". \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 ri\u00eang t\u01b0. Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft chuy\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ea7m k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111ang ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi b\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh v\u0103n. \u1ede Nga, vi\u1ec7c m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 quen bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y h\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh b\u1ea1n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch y\u00ean t\u0129nh, \u0111\u1eebng b\u1eaft chuy\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, h\u00e3y ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi th\u1eadt ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf Scandinavia v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u201cXin l\u1ed7i\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cCh\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00e1nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n. H\u00e3y h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 giao an to\u00e0n (th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, kinh nghi\u1ec7m du l\u1ecbch) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc: tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Mang gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p trong nh\u00e0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 Scandinavia):<\/strong> T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1n ch\u00f9a, vi\u1ec7c mang gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p \u0111i ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m. <strong>\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung \u0110\u00f4ng:<\/strong> Theo phong t\u1ee5c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd v\u00e0 thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111i gi\u00e0y ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1eadt l\u00f2ng ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a coi ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian thi\u00eang li\u00eang v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 (genkan) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n tin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, \u201ckh\u00f4ng gian ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng b\u1ea9n th\u1ec9u\u2026 Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian trong nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd\u201d. \u1ede c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u1eafc \u00c2u c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i gi\u00e0y tr\u00ean th\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. \u1ede Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n tr\u00ean gi\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean th\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfu. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i th\u1edd c\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed9i quy c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u00fa. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y d\u00e9p \u0111i trong nh\u00e0 \u1edf c\u1eeda \u2013 h\u00e3y mang ch\u00fang ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. \u1ede \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y \u1edf hi\u00ean nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7u thang (genkan) nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb9o h\u1eefu \u00edch l\u00e0 mang gi\u00e0y d\u1ec5 x\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c mang th\u00eam t\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 xem nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m g\u00ec. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ven bi\u1ec3n, an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u1ecfi, \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?\u201d. S\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn phong t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-medium-font-size\"><blockquote><p>\u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c), m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i \u0111i nh\u1ecf (genkan) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p. Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 coi khu v\u1ef1c sinh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft, tr\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfu tatami: \u201cCh\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian b\u00ean trong m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd\u201d. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c d\u00e9p \u1edf c\u1eeda v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0m theo.<\/p><cite>Th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<br><\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u Phi:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n, chuy\u1ec1n th\u1ee9c \u0103n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft tay l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Hindu, tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, c\u00e1c c\u1ea9m nang v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 n\u00eau r\u00f5: \u201cch\u1ec9 \u0103n b\u1eb1ng tay ph\u1ea3i\u2026 tay tr\u00e1i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 lau ch\u00f9i\u201d. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tay tr\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u1ec7 sinh. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u1edf Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n b\u1eb1ng tay tr\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd\u201d ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng tay tr\u00e1i ng\u1ee5 \u00fd thi\u1ebfu l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u201ckh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi d\u00f9ng b\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c giao l\u01b0u trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. <strong>tay ph\u1ea3i<\/strong>Khi \u0103n, ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng tay ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a th\u1ee9c \u0103n, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng b\u1eb1ng tay ph\u1ea3i. Khi ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi, h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a tay ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft tay. (N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n thu\u1eadn tay tr\u00e1i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u00fang t\u00fang \u2013 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y th\u1eed d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 hai tay c\u00f9ng l\u00fac: v\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n th\u1eeba b\u1eb1ng tay tr\u00e1i trong khi v\u1eabn gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng tay ph\u1ea3i.) M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \"Xin l\u1ed7i\" n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd l\u1ee1 l\u1eddi. Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. L\u00e0m d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \"OK\" b\u1eb1ng tay<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Brazil, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3, Hy L\u1ea1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c \u1edf M\u1ef9 Latinh:<\/strong> H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u01a1 hai ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf l\u00ean th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. <strong>Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Tunisia:<\/strong> N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng\" ho\u1eb7c \"v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\". \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \"OK\" quen thu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ecb tr\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede M\u1ef9, d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u201cOK\u201d (ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Brazil v\u00e0 Hy L\u1ea1p, h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 g\u1ecdi ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3 kh\u1ed1n\u201d. \u1ede Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Venezuela, c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi l\u1ebd th\u00f4 t\u1ee5c, x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, ch\u1eef \u201cO\u201d c\u0169ng mang m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc th\u00e1i h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p: n\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cv\u00f4 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y tr\u00e1nh c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0... <strong>nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3<\/strong> Ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u00f3i \"v\u00e2ng\" ho\u1eb7c \"t\u1ed1t\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u, gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i l\u00ean s\u1ebd an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n \u2013 nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y nh\u1edb, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n r\u1ee7i ro \u1edf Trung \u0110\u00f4ng. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i: \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi) h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 tay ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. Khoe l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o chi\u1ebfm \u0111a s\u1ed1 (UAE, \u1ea2 R\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00dat, v.v.), Th\u00e1i Lan, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Malaysia:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \"b\u1ea9n nh\u1ea5t\" c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 nghi th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1ed3i b\u1eaft ch\u00e9o ch\u00e2n sao cho l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c) l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1ea2 R\u1eadp. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 tay v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ng\u1ed3i g\u00e1c ch\u00e2n l\u00ean (ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 tay v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1eef b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean s\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c gh\u1ebf t\u1ef1a, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea3 hai b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n ph\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft ch\u00e9o ch\u00e2n, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft ch\u00e9o \u1edf m\u1eaft c\u00e1 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng. \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean s\u00e0n, h\u00e3y xoay ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0a g\u00f3t ch\u00e2n ra ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y xin l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00e2n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n\u2014\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi mang d\u00e9p\u2014ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. \u0110\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng \"Kh\u00f4ng\".<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, Trung \u0110\u00f4ng:<\/strong> Trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh cao n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch gay g\u1eaft s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn nh\u01b0 \u201cKh\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y sai r\u1ed3i\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i xem vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt th\u00edch nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp h\u01a1n, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng c\u00e2u \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng; ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt cho r\u1eb1ng phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 th\u00f4 l\u1ed7. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m n\u00f3i tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d c\u00f4ng khai ho\u1eb7c l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch gay g\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i giao. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, h\u00e3y n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khen ng\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00fa v\u1ecb, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t\u2026\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cVi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.\u201d Khi t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, h\u00e3y m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u201cC\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3\u201d thay v\u00ec n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng \u201cKh\u00f4ng.\u201d H\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u phi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef: trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng l\u1eb7ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u2026 <em>c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a<\/em> Kh\u00f4ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef g\u00ecn ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 th\u00f4 l\u1ed7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. H\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng, tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, Scandinavia, \u0110\u1ee9c), \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 (ngo\u00e0i Trung Qu\u1ed1c\/H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c), \u00dac v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1 c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed5ng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: \u201cNh\u00ecn chung, h\u1ecfi ai \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ec9 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0. H\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 trung l\u1eadp. Thay v\u00ec h\u1ecfi \"B\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n?\" hay \"B\u1ea1n bao nhi\u00eau tu\u1ed5i?\", ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u00ean h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng s\u1edf th\u00edch kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i (kinh nghi\u1ec7m du l\u1ecbch, \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, phong t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng). N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0. Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 kinh doanh ho\u1eb7c x\u00e3 giao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5 \u2013 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi t\u00f2 m\u00f2 tr\u1eeb khi \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. C\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nga, \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Ba Lan, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c), \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u01b0\u1eddi toe to\u00e9t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1, n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho ni\u1ec1m vui ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n m\u1eadt. N\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Nga c\u00f3 c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef r\u1eb1ng \u201cc\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd do l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb ng\u1ed1c\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd do l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1eaby tay vui v\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 th\u00e2n m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Gi\u1eef v\u1ebb m\u1eb7t trung l\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. Khi m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (ai \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n c\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t), th\u00ec h\u00e3y c\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o \"xin ch\u00e0o\" th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt h\u01a1n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. \u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ea1nh (nh\u01b0 Nga ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng), vi\u1ec7c d\u00e0nh n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi cho nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12. \u0102n u\u1ed1ng khi \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eeba \u0103n v\u1eeba \u0111i b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. (T\u00e0u h\u1ecfa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c s\u00e2n bay l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7.) V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Tokyo, vi\u1ec7c \u0103n b\u00e1nh m\u00ec k\u1eb9p tr\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, gi\u1edd \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 mang t\u00ednh nghi l\u1ec5. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1u l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eeba \u0103n v\u1eeba di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ri\u00eang. <em>thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1<\/em> (ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \"v\u1eeba \u0111i v\u1eeba \u0103n\"), \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00e1nh. Quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng \u0103n u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung; \u0103n u\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u hi\u1ebfm khi \u0103n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n m\u1edf tr\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c xe bu\u00fdt, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y \u0103n h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n nh\u1eb9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3i, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c y\u00ean t\u0129nh ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. \u1ede c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh h\u1ed9p c\u01a1m bent\u014d cho chuy\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i. Khi l\u00ean xe bu\u00fdt ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m qu\u00e3ng ng\u1eafn, tr\u00e1nh mang theo th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u1edf \u2013 n\u1ebfu b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i mang theo, h\u00e3y gi\u1eef k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 g\u00f3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. N\u00f3i chung, h\u00e3y coi gi\u1edd \u0103n l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch (n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi) r\u1eb1ng trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n khi \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u00edch nghi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n khi \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">13. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e1p, \u00dd, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c:<\/strong> T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng cao c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f3n \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u00dd, th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \"b\u1ecf c\u00e0 chua\" ho\u1eb7c \"th\u00eam ph\u00f4 mai\" c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn n\u00f3i, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f3n \u0103n \"t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp\". \u1ea8m th\u1ef1c cao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u0169ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1: c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 theo \u0111\u00fang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay th\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn chung, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u00f3n t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, vui l\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. <em>tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em> H\u00e3y g\u1ecdi m\u00f3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi xin l\u1ed7i n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u1ebft l\u00e0 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi m\u00f3n kh\u00e1c. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd b\u00e1o cho \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1edf th\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u2013 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f4ng khai ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch m\u00f3n \u0103n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 n\u00ean n\u1ebfm th\u1eed m\u00f3n \u0103n v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n; m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 \u201cC\u1ea3m \u01a1n, tr\u00f4ng ngon qu\u00e1\u201d s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">14. Ng\u1ed3i \u1edf gh\u1ebf sau c\u1ee7a xe taxi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00dac, New Zealand v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, Ireland, v.v.):<\/strong> Trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u1edf gh\u1ebf sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0m \u00fd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t giai c\u1ea5p. Theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e0i x\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng mong \u0111\u1ee3i h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ng\u1ed3i \u1edf gh\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng coi gh\u1ebf sau l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian ri\u00eang t\u01b0. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u00dac v\u00e0 New Zealand (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Anh), chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng h\u01a1n. Theo ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u00dac, gh\u1ebf sau th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe n\u1ebfu \u0111i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. Ng\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u1edf gh\u1ebf sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh \"cao c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n\" ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, trang tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c xa c\u00e1ch trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi \u0111i du l\u1ecbch \u1edf nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e0i x\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean xe, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec n\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng, hay t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ng\u1ed3i ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc?\u201d \u1ede \u00dac, nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i x\u1ebf th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n th\u00edch tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu t\u00e0i x\u1ebf mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n ng\u1ed3i ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi \u0111i c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i ph\u00eda sau v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ng\u1ed3i ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng sao. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed: m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 \u201cNg\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay ph\u00eda sau t\u00f9y b\u1ea1n!\u201d th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00e0i x\u1ebf, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi phong c\u00e1ch giao ti\u1ebfp th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">15. Kh\u00f4ng \u0103n h\u1ebft th\u1ee9c \u0103n tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. <strong>(Ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh \u2013 khi n\u00e0o KH\u00d4NG n\u00ean k\u1ebft th\u00fac):<\/strong> T\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan, <em>ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9<\/em> Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, s\u1ef1 sung t\u00fac g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 mong kh\u00e1ch \"\u0103n h\u1ebft th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong \u0111\u0129a\". Nghi th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed l\u00f2ng hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u0129a tr\u1ed1ng cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n no v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c Th\u00e1i Lan, vi\u1ec7c \u0103n h\u1ebft th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong \u0111\u0129a cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i t\u1ed1t. <em>kh\u00f4ng<\/em> N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee7, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u00eam n\u1eefa. Theo ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u00edt th\u1ee9c \u0103n tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 no.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i \u0103n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u phong t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng b\u1eefa v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c1 kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y \u0103n h\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed xin th\u00eam n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u00edt th\u1ee9c \u0103n tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eefu \u00edch l\u00e0... <em>quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/em>N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u00edt, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0m v\u1eady. Trong b\u1eefa \u0103n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o l\u1ea5y h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1eeba. Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, h\u00e3y b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u1ec1 b\u1eefa \u0103n; \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u0103n bao nhi\u00eau, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">16. X\u00ec m\u0169i n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c):<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c x\u00ec m\u0169i to ti\u1ebfng trong nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1, x\u00ec m\u0169i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t ri\u00eang t\u01b0. Nghi th\u1ee9c giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5: vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra ti\u1ebfng x\u00ec m\u0169i l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c lau m\u0169i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ed9 li\u1ec5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \"thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh\". \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eaft h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh thay v\u00ec x\u00ec m\u0169i v\u00e0o kh\u0103n gi\u1ea5y tr\u00ean b\u00e0n \u0103n. \u00c2m thanh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u00ec m\u0169i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p hay c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y tr\u00ean b\u00e0n \u0103n. Quan ni\u1ec7m cho r\u1eb1ng x\u00ec m\u0169i ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong kh\u00f4ng gian ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb ngh\u1eb9t m\u0169i khi \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y h\u1ea1 gi\u1ecdng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1eebng h\u1eaft h\u01a1i to; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, <strong>b\u01b0\u1edbc ra xa<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n \u0111i v\u1ec7 sinh g\u1ea5p, h\u00e3y v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh. Lu\u00f4n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n kh\u0103n gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 quay m\u1eb7t \u0111i ho\u1eb7c che m\u1eb7t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y xin l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 (\u201cXin l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ecfe\u201d). Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ecbt m\u0169i l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd xin ph\u00e9p r\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea5m c\u00f2i inh \u1ecfi n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">17. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean ri\u00eang ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ee9c, \u00c1o, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Ph\u00e1p (trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh trang tr\u1ecdng):<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t danh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 thi\u1ebfu trang tr\u1ecdng trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede M\u1ef9, vi\u1ec7c nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecf \u0111i k\u00ednh ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n. Trong nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 su\u1ed3ng s\u00e3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c, theo th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \"lu\u00f4n x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9c danh v\u00e0 h\u1ecd\", \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong l\u1ea7n g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang v\u1ec1 nghi th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean ri\u00eang qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. <em>thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng<\/em>\u0110i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u00ednh ng\u1eef (\u2013san ho\u1eb7c \u2013ssi) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i ngay c\u1ea3 trong kinh doanh. \u1ede Ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trang tr\u1ecdng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e2n m\u1eadt ki\u1ec3u \u201cCh\u00e0o Bob\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc x\u00e3 giao v\u00e0 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, h\u00e3y \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1ef1 trang tr\u1ecdng. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c danh x\u01b0ng (\u00d4ng, B\u00e0, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0) k\u00e8m theo h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c k\u00ednh ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 v\u1edbi nhau. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n sang x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean ri\u00eang ho\u1eb7c m\u1eddi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m theo. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u00f3i l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng l\u00e0, \u201cVui l\u00f2ng cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\u201d Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 trong \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Theo th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean ri\u00eang, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">18. Ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong khi tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 kh\u00e1c:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 v\u1ed7 nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0o tay ho\u1eb7c vai) th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Anh, Scandinavia), ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u1ede ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng trang tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n; ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ch\u1ea1m ho\u1eb7c v\u1ed7 v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd. <em>h\u01a1n<\/em> Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (kho\u1ea3ng 1,2 m\u00e9t) ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (0,6\u20130,9 m\u00e9t), m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1eabn kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i v\u1ed7 vai th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9 Latinh ho\u1eb7c Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mong \u0111\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u00e2n m\u1eadt h\u01a1n trong cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n; nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u0169ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i b\u1eaft tay b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y tr\u00e1nh \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. Trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trang tr\u1ecdng, h\u00e3y gi\u1eef tay b\u00ean h\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft tay nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u00e1c tay ho\u1eb7c v\u1ed7 vai nhau, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc t\u1ed1t l\u00e0... <strong>H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u00edt thao t\u00e1c h\u01a1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/strong>H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh m\u1eaft th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u1ea5m \u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. Theo th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">19. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, v.v.), Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u Phi:<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 tay v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u1ec9 tay v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 hung h\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Malaysia hay Campuchia, ch\u1ec9 tay b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf l\u00e0 \"c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u00f4 l\u1ed7\". N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Philippines, vi\u1ec7c v\u1eaby tay b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf cong ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi ch\u00f3 \u2013 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ec9 h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 tay b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf qu\u00e1 th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y d\u00f9ng b\u00e0n tay m\u1edf ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. Khi ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ea3 b\u00e0n tay v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00e2u \u00c1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng b\u00e0n tay m\u1edf thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f3n tay. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 khi ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 b\u00e0n tay \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 bao h\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m ng\u1ea7m m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f3n tay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">20. M\u1edf qu\u00e0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00e2u \u00c1:<\/strong> Trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y, qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng <em>kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao n\u00f3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1eb7ng qu\u00e0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf qu\u00e0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00e2u \u00c1, vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf qu\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i \u2013 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng nhi\u1ec1u (ho\u1eb7c \u00edt) nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c khuy\u00ean n\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn qu\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai tay nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf qu\u00e0. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn du l\u1ecbch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: \u201cl\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 n\u00ean m\u1edf qu\u00e0 sau khi b\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n r\u1eddi \u0111i\u201d. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 gi\u1eef th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi nh\u1eadn qu\u00e0 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0, \u201cC\u1ea3m \u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.\u201d B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7t g\u00f3i qu\u00e0 sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u00f3i (v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eb9) r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd m\u1edf n\u00f3 sau. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c, b\u1ea1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, \u201cB\u1ea1n c\u00f3 phi\u1ec1n n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i m\u1edf n\u00f3 sau kh\u00f4ng?\u201d b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u nh\u01b0 <em>\u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd m\u1edf n\u00f3 s\u1edbm th\u00f4i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/em> \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sau khi ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0, h\u00e3y m\u1edf qu\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 nh\u1edb g\u1eedi l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nghi th\u1ee9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a theo v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n: B\u1ea3ng tham kh\u1ea3o nhanh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, v.v.)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\/H\u00e0nh vi<\/td><td>C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ti\u1ec1n boa<\/strong><\/td><td>N\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 <em>kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i<\/em>\u0110\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1n boa r\u1ea5t \u00edt (ti\u1ec1n l\u1ebb).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00c2m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/td><td>H\u00e3y n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9. C\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng (t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa, nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng) th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eef y\u00ean t\u0129nh.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Th\u00e1o gi\u00e0y<\/strong><\/td><td>C\u1edfi gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p \u1edf c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 (genkan); nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef r\u1ea5t s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tay tr\u00e1i<\/strong><\/td><td>Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>M\u1edf qu\u00e0<\/strong><\/td><td>H\u00e3y vui v\u1ebb nh\u1eadn qu\u00e0 nh\u01b0ng m\u1edf sau (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 sau khi r\u1eddi \u0111i).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>N\u00f3i \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d\/Ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch<\/strong><\/td><td>Tr\u00e1nh t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e2y \u00c2u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\/H\u00e0nh vi<\/td><td>C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ti\u1ec1n boa<\/strong><\/td><td>Ti\u1ec1n boa \u00edt h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 (5-10% n\u1ebfu c\u00f3). Ph\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>N\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/td><td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng danh x\u01b0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecd (Herr\/Frau, Mr\/Ms) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trang tr\u1ecdng.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n x\u00e3 giao<\/strong><\/td><td>Ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean l\u00e0m; tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e2u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0102n ngo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/td><td>Vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f3n \u0103n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/td><td>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i. H\u00f4n m\u00e1 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p\/T\u00e2y Ban Nha, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eaft tay l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ecbp trang tr\u1ecdng.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>M\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1<\/strong><\/td><td>\u00cdt g\u1eb7p h\u01a1n \u1edf M\u1ef9; n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8\/gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\/H\u00e0nh vi<\/td><td>C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n x\u00e3 giao<\/strong><\/td><td>R\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf giao ti\u1ebfp n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>N\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi\/Bi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3m khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/td><td>K\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o; nh\u1eefng n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e3 giao v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi ng\u1edd.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9<\/strong><\/td><td>Ch\u1ec9 tay v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 (h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 b\u00e0n tay).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ti\u1ec1n boa<\/strong><\/td><td>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 10% ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n l\u00ean), nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c cho ti\u1ec1n boa mang t\u00ednh t\u00f4n k\u00ednh.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scandinavia (B\u1eafc \u00c2u)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\/H\u00e0nh vi<\/td><td>C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>S\u1ef1 y\u00ean t\u0129nh<\/strong><\/td><td>H\u00e3y coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 y\u00ean t\u0129nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng; n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n \u1ed3n \u00e0o b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Gi\u00e0y trong nh\u00e0<\/strong><\/td><td>Lu\u00f4n c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y khi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 (theo th\u00f3i quen v\u1ec7 sinh).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n x\u00e3 giao<\/strong><\/td><td>M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1 d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t; vi\u1ec7c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e2u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/td><td>H\u00e3y t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0; ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa b\u1ea1n b\u00e8\/gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trung \u0110\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\/H\u00e0nh vi<\/td><td>C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tay tr\u00e1i<\/strong><\/td><td>Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n, ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Cho th\u1ea5y b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c; \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ed3i g\u00e1c ch\u00e2n l\u00ean.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>C\u1eed ch\u1ec9 gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i l\u00ean\/OK<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u OK.<\/strong> \u2013 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 th\u00f4 l\u1ed7 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>R\u01b0\u1ee3u\/Chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/td><td>H\u00e3y l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n v\u00e0 trang ph\u1ee5c; v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft<\/strong><\/td><td>Vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ef9 Latinh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\/H\u00e0nh vi<\/td><td>C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/td><td>Th\u00e2n m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u1ea5m \u00e1p h\u01a1n \u2013 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u00f4m\/n\u1ee5 h\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0110\u00fang gi\u1edd<\/strong><\/td><td>T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia; th\u01b0\u1eddng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 (m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb...). <em>m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat<\/em> mu\u1ed9n).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ti\u1ec1n boa<\/strong><\/td><td>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ti\u1ec1n boa \u1edf nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 10-15%; nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi boa \u00edt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1eadt l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n x\u00e3 giao<\/strong><\/td><td>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ea5t c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e2n m\u1eadt lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>K\u1eb9o cao su<\/strong><\/td><td>\u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Argentina), vi\u1ec7c nhai k\u1eb9o cao su n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u00e2u Phi (v\u00f9ng c\u1eadn Sahara)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\/H\u00e0nh vi<\/td><td>C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Nghi th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft tay<\/strong><\/td><td>Vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft tay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 (\u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Phi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c b\u00fang tay). Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0a tay ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tay tr\u00e1i<\/strong><\/td><td>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u1edf Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0103n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng tay tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ecf\/C\u1eed ch\u1ec9<\/strong><\/td><td>Tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 tay tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp; \u1edf Nigeria, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 b\u00e0n tay ho\u1eb7c g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft<\/strong><\/td><td>T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a: m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a coi vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1nh giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, trong khi nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dac v\u00e0 New Zealand<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\/H\u00e0nh vi<\/td><td>C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i taxi<\/strong><\/td><td>Ng\u1ed3i ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh; gh\u1ebf sau d\u00e0nh cho nh\u00f3m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>T\u00ean<\/strong><\/td><td>C\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u00e2n m\u1eadt \u2013 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhanh ch\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n sang g\u1ecdi nhau b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean ri\u00eang, ngay c\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng trang tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/td><td>Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n: \u00f4m ho\u1eb7c h\u00f4n m\u00e1 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3n c\u1ea3m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ti\u1ec1n boa<\/strong><\/td><td>Ti\u1ec1n boa \u1edf m\u1ee9c v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i (5-10%) t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng; kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0103n u\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 x\u1ea5u x\u00ed\": Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n \u0111i du l\u1ecbch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u00e3y l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0.<\/strong> H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c phong t\u1ee5c, l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 trang ph\u1ee5c, nghi th\u1ee9c gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: vi\u1ec7c mang gi\u00e0y, nghi th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft tay).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u00e3y h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/strong> Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \"c\u1ea3m \u01a1n\", \"l\u00e0m \u01a1n\" v\u00e0 \"xin l\u1ed7i\" b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap xoa d\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u00e3y chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh l\u00fd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/strong> H\u00e3y mang theo m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i kh\u0103n gi\u1ea5y nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda tay kh\u00f4 (\u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed m\u00f9i h\u00f4i m\u0169i), c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc kh\u0103n qu\u00e0ng c\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c \u00e1o len (\u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7c k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o khi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o). Gi\u00e0y l\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i r\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng.<\/strong> H\u00e3y chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u00e3y t\u1ef1 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. <em>c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u1ed1t<\/em> Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c. H\u00e3y trau d\u1ed3i l\u00f2ng khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trong su\u1ed1t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Quan s\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/strong> Khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi (nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng), h\u00e3y quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m: h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng? H\u1ecd ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y l\u00e0m theo h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.<\/strong> N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf, h\u00e3y h\u1ea1 gi\u1ecdng xu\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng h\u00e3y l\u00e0m v\u1eady. S\u1ef1 khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng trong h\u00e0nh vi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi xin l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i ra ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u00e3y h\u1ecfi khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u201cLi\u1ec7u s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i\u2026\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cTh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o\u2026\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao thi\u1ec7n \u00fd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u00e3y linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/strong> N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n qu\u00ean m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: b\u1ea1n v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5c \u0111\u0129a l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n h\u1ebft), h\u00e3y xin l\u1ed7i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1eeda sai. H\u00e3y n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \"T\u00f4i xin l\u1ed7i - t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang h\u1ecdc th\u00f4i.\"<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u00e3y xin l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi xin l\u1ed7i ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1eebng kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng n\u00f3i \"Kh\u00f4ng sao\" hay b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa \u2013 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u00e3y gi\u1eef b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/strong> \u0110\u1eebng xin l\u1ed7i qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m \u1ea7m \u0129. M\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i \u2013 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0, \u201cT\u00f4i qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t! \u1ede M\u1ef9, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c\u201d \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u00e3y r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.<\/strong> N\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t phong t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u00e3y c\u1ea3m \u01a1n h\u1ecd v\u00ec b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00edch nghi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 phong t\u1ee5c M\u1ef9 khi \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ecfi: Nh\u1eefng phong t\u1ee5c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c?<\/strong><br><strong>M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p bao g\u1ed3m n\u00f3i to \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, cho ti\u1ec1n boa kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u1eb7c ho\u1eb7c c\u01b0 x\u1eed xu\u1ec1nh x\u00eanh trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp trang tr\u1ecdng. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i to, s\u1ef1 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn (nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i c\u1ed9c l\u1ed1c) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng trang tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea1 l\u1eabm. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng tay (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: gi\u01a1 ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn 20 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ecfi: Vi\u1ec7c boa ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, hay ch\u1ec9 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1?<\/strong><br><strong>M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Trung Qu\u1ed1c) v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (Ph\u00e1p, Scandinavia), vi\u1ec7c boa ti\u1ec1n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 x\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 Latinh, ti\u1ec1n boa v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i du l\u1ecbch, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra xem \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hay c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n boa hay kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ecfi: T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi h\u1ecd?<\/strong><br><strong>M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> \u1ede M\u1ef9, m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia (nh\u01b0 Nga, \u0110\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n), vi\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1i cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c khi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 vui v\u1ebb. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t. Kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch n\u00ean m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi theo c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba: m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi khi ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi th\u00e2n m\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng g\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ecfi: Li\u1ec7u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 d\u1ec5 tha th\u1ee9 h\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><br><strong>M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> Gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen xa l\u1ea1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i. C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, h\u00e0nh vi l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao. H\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ecfi: N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m ai \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebfu t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, t\u00f4i n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/strong><br><strong>M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y xin l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u201cT\u00f4i xin l\u1ed7i, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m\u201d (ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh) c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m. Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1eebng t\u1ecf ra ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 hay tranh c\u00e3i. M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi xin l\u1ed7i chu \u0111\u00e1o k\u00e8m theo n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ecfi: Nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf c\u00e1c khu du l\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><br><strong>M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m du l\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m tham quan l\u1edbn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 du kh\u00e1ch M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ebfu l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean c\u01b0 x\u1eed t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn; ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c khu du l\u1ecbch, c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ecfi: T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 nghi th\u1ee9c \u1ee9ng x\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/strong><br><strong>M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> H\u00e3y t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn du l\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c trang web du l\u1ecbch uy t\u00edn cho m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia. C\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 phong t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n. Trang t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n du l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111a v\u0103n h\u00f3a (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Hofstede ho\u1eb7c Hall) cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung n\u00eau tr\u00ean cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e0o s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111i \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ecfi: C\u00f3 phong t\u1ee5c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><br><strong>M\u1ed8T:<\/strong> Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1ed3i. S\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n n\u1ed3ng \u1ea5m, n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1edfi m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 (n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng), s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1c th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn. L\u00f2ng h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u2013 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u1ed1t. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o \u2013 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen nh\u1ecf (nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1 gi\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y), du kh\u00e1ch M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd. M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi xin l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi khi b\u1ea1n m\u1eafc l\u1ed7i s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, du l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u. Ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed7i cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u00e0 t\u00f2 m\u00f2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng l\u1eabn nhau. Nh\u1eefng du kh\u00e1ch gi\u1eef th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1edfi m\u1edf \u2013 thay v\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf nh\u00e0 \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong khi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u th\u00fa v\u1ecb, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i M\u1ef9, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb ph\u00e9p x\u00e3 giao trong \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd. Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y xem x\u00e9t hai m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5319,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18,5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2200","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-travel-tips","8":"category-magazine"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2200"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}