Quetzaltenango, n\u1ed5i l\u00ean t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Guatemala v\u1edbi v\u1ebb h\u00f9ng v\u0129 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c n\u00fai \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2.330 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi 2.400 m\u00e9t trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2018, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 180.706 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n tr\u00ean 122 km\u00b2 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Salcaj\u00e1, Cantel, Almolonga v\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Xelaj\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 Xela, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh gh\u00e9p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a di s\u1ea3n th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n Columbus, di s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu cao nguy\u00ean c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd tr\u01b0a \u1ea5m \u00e1p nhanh ch\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n sang bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1; th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i qua m\u1ed9t thung l\u0169ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i, Quetzaltenango kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Guatemala\u2014c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 l\u1eabn \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Quetzaltenango b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 Mam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kulah\u00e1, s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh bu\u1ed3m T\u00e2y Ban Nha xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n xa x\u00f4i. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n n\u00fai l\u1eeda Santa Mar\u00eda, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m cai tr\u1ecb Maya ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa K\u02bciche\u02bc \u0111\u00e3 di d\u1eddi Mam v\u00e0 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp Xelaj\u00fa, di chuy\u1ec3n n\u00f3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng cao h\u01a1n, n\u01a1i n\u00f3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Ba th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i qua tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c trung \u00fay c\u1ee7a Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh Nahua c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1500. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nahua b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t cho khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u00e1i t\u00ean Quetzaltenango\u2014\u201cn\u01a1i c\u00f3 lo\u00e0i chim quetzal\u201d\u2014v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u00ean n\u00e0y, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ti\u1ebfng Nahua v\u00e0 danh ph\u00e1p ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Quetzaltenango trong khi cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u1ea1i thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 Xela c\u0169 h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng vang ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Maya xa x\u00f4i.<\/p>\n
D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ban Nha, Quetzaltenango \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Cao nguy\u00ean ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 neo gi\u1eef n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1820. Gi\u1eefa h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 chia r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi T\u00e2y Ban Nha, gi\u1edbi tinh hoa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f9 du Los Altos v\u1edbi Quetzaltenango l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Guatemala \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Chiapas ng\u00e0y nay; n\u00f3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng Rafael Carrera trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1839 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1840, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1edb trong truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c treo c\u1ed5 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Los Altos. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c c\u00e1c nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng ly khai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c, t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Guatemala m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean \u00fd th\u1ee9c dai d\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Quetzaltenango. V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ra nhi\u1ec1u l\u00faa m\u00ec, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u00f4, tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, rau v\u00e0 gia s\u00fac\u2014m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng El Salvador. L\u00faa m\u00ec th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, theo sau l\u00e0 ca cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, len v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i ch\u0103n th\u1ea3 gia s\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u1eebu qua c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i c\u1ecf c\u1ee7a thung l\u0169ng, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c m\u00e1t h\u01a1n \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai l\u1eeda, c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3nh quan, v\u1eeba mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch gi\u00e0u kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd khi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. C\u01a1n s\u1ed1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac \u201cBelle \u00c9poque\u201d v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay\u2014m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n trang tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng phu b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u1eefa tr\u00e1t, ban c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft r\u00e8n v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng v\u00f2m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft n\u1ed1i Xela v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh lang Panamerican b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1890, v\u00e0 sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p, Ferrocarril de los Altos cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed1i Quetzaltenango v\u1edbi Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Guatemala v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1930. Tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 quan k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 do l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1933 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u2014trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf t\u00f4n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft v\u00f9ng cao h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
V\u1eadn may kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i suy tho\u00e1i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m xung \u0111\u1ed9t d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m Guatemala b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Xela \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u1ebb h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y; m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. C\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng tu c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn; c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi m\u1ecdc l\u00ean c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c di t\u00edch thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba; c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u0103ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i. Ng\u00e0y nay, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00e0n ra v\u1ec9a h\u00e8, c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng K\u02bciche\u02bc v\u00e0 Mam b\u1eb1ng khi\u00eau v\u0169, trang ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Quetzaltenango \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i K\u00f6ppen Cwb, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1ea3i qua hai m\u00f9a r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t: m\u00f9a m\u01b0a t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 5 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10 v\u00e0 m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i ban ng\u00e0y dao \u0111\u1ed9ng quanh m\u1ee9c 22 \u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 23 \u00b0C trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian trong n\u0103m, gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2 khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3u trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 4 \u00b0C. \u0110\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00f5m \u00f4n h\u00f2a t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u00e1t nhanh v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u khi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eb7n. M\u01b0a ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu r\u01a1i v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u01b0a ph\u00f9n t\u1eeb b\u00ecnh minh \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0ng h\u00f4n. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a kh\u00f4, \u0111\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ecdt m\u01b0a n\u00e0o trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng, m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e0u xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i, m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh quan sau c\u01a1n m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n
Trong ph\u1ea1m vi 122 km\u00b2 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau: \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, c\u00e1c n\u00f3n n\u00fai l\u1eeda nh\u00f4 l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1, c\u00e1c thung l\u0169ng m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 n\u01a1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 rau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i xa x\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m quan s\u00e1t b\u00ecnh minh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai xa. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng 180.700 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 43 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi K\u02bciche\u02bc v\u00e0 Mam. C\u00e1c khu ch\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c gian h\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y huipiles d\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m v\u1ebd tay xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gian h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 gia v\u1ecb. Fiestas patronales mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1, c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m r\u01b0\u1edbc len l\u1ecfi qua nh\u1eefng con h\u1ebbm l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i trong khi c\u00e1c ban nh\u1ea1c marimba ch\u01a1i nh\u1ea1c b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng v\u00f2m thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n
Giao th\u00f4ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i Quetzaltenango ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi xe bu\u00fdt nh\u1ecf - xe t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn ch\u1eadt c\u1ee9ng gh\u1ebf b\u0103ng - ch\u1ea1y qua m\u1ecdi khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. C\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng mang k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n - v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Ruta 7 - trong khi gi\u00e1 v\u00e9 v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, xe bu\u00fdt v\u00e0 xe bu\u00fdt nh\u1ecf do t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i c\u0169ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ebfn xe bu\u00fdt: xe bu\u00fdt nh\u1ecf kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1eeb b\u1ebfn xe Tr\u00e9bol c\u1ee7a Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Guatemala \u0111\u1ebfn ga Minerva c\u1ee7a Xela v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 v\u00e9 l\u00e0 Q35, trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t Galgos v\u00e0 L\u00ednea Dorada cung c\u1ea5p xe kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 m\u00e1y l\u1ea1nh (kho\u1ea3ng 9 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9, b\u1ed1n gi\u1edd r\u01b0\u1ee1i). Taxi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf c\u00e1c khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau khi m\u00e0n \u0111\u00eam bu\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng, khi \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edd d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i xe \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf cho nh\u1eefng ch\u1eb7ng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n trong thung l\u0169ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng xa x\u00f4i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c cao \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 phanh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn khi xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
Ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1eeb xa theo c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh lang ch\u00ednh. B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c Panamerican (CA-1) b\u0103ng qua v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean, trong khi CA-2 song song v\u1edbi b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ph\u00eda nam. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 xe bu\u00fdt g\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Quetzaltenango v\u1edbi Panajachel tr\u00ean H\u1ed3 Atitl\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ebfn Solol\u00e1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Guatemala. Xe bu\u00fdt \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3n kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch t\u1eeb San Crist\u00f3bal de las Casas \u1edf Mexico qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi La Mesilla, m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i qua Comit\u00e1n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn xe bu\u00fdt g\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo qua Huehuetenango. T\u1eeb Tapachula, c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u si\u00eau nh\u1ecf ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn Tec\u00fan Um\u00e1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 xe bu\u00fdt \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn Coatepeque v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn Xela. Trong m\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, n\u00ean kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh s\u1edbm: c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u \u1edf Guatemala th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft th\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng, khi\u1ebfn du kh\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m thi\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
S\u00e2n bay Quetzaltenango, m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n bay khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Guatemala. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng c\u1ee7a s\u00e2n bay n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a m\u00e1y bay c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t tua bin thay v\u00ec m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng chuy\u1ebfn bay n\u00e0y r\u00fat ng\u1eafn h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd bay tr\u00ean n\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd bay tr\u00ean cao. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng s\u00e2n bay n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi di t\u1ea3n y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngang nhau.<\/p>\n
Ngo\u00e0i giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5m \u00e1p; \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00eda v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n cao su g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn ven bi\u1ec3n, trong khi c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c ph\u00eda tr\u00ean nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00f4 khoai t\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u00fai l\u1eeda l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t nhu\u1ed9m b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt; ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf xanh. Su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng phun tr\u00e0o t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, thu h\u00fat c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed3n t\u1eafm kho\u00e1ng n\u1eb1m c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda cao ch\u00f3t v\u00f3t. C\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n qua c\u00e1c h\u1ebbm n\u00fai, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00e8o b\u00e8 v\u00e0 c\u00e2u c\u00e1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho du l\u1ecbch m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n
M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a tham v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi. Plaza Central v\u1eabn l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t v\u00e0 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. C\u00e1c con ph\u1ed1 b\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u1edbi s\u00e2n trong, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb thu\u1ed1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn truy c\u1eadp internet t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. C\u00e1c khu ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi\u2014trung t\u00e2m mua s\u1eafm, r\u1ea1p chi\u1ebfu phim, tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u2014n\u1edf ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t trang tr\u00ed b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Du kh\u00e1ch b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi l\u1edbp\u2014Maya, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u2014c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f4ng khai, m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec1u mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u cho b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n song song v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o sinh vi\u00ean ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh, thu h\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafm m\u00ecnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u00f4n h\u00f2a. M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc khu v\u1ef1c thu h\u00fat thanh ni\u00ean t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng l\u01b0u gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i vinh quang ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft; c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nghi l\u1ec5. C\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i h\u00e0ng n\u0103m k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 th\u00e1nh, chu k\u1ef3 thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, l\u00e0m s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c con ph\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u marimba, xe di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay, Quetzaltenango l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u gi\u1eef di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya v\u1eeba l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i; l\u00e0 n\u01a1i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ti\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111an xen, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu c\u1ea3 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u00ed; \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 - th\u00f4ng qua cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ly khai, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng - nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m chung \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u1ed3i sinh \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi cho nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 c\u0169, khi c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nh\u00e2n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e2n trang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh, n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Quetzaltenango, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quetzaltecos, lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. H\u1ecd truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u1edbi gi\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c t\u1eeb m\u00f3n h\u1ea7m th\u1ecbnh so\u1ea1n l\u00e0m t\u1eeb rau tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng ca cao g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn phong t\u1ee5c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. Ch\u1ee3 tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u1edbt chu\u00f4ng l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t salsa cay, b\u01a1 l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh tostadas b\u00e9o ng\u1eady, h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang tr\u00ean l\u1eeda c\u1ee7i. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong khu ph\u1ed1, c\u00e1c ban nh\u1ea1c marimba t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u Ch\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt, mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng sau nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u1eafp t\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n; c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e2u d\u00e0i; b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi tinh hoa th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngay c\u1ea3 khi du l\u1ecbch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00f3a b\u1ecf k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, Quetzaltenango kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi hay ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trung gian, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c l\u1edbp th\u1eddi gian v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5: nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda th\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tinh; nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe bu\u00fdt nh\u1ecf inh \u1ecfi c\u00f2i inh \u1ecfi chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 h\u1eb9p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ea7m \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh. N\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t thung l\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u1eeda c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai \u0111\u1ee9ng canh g\u00e1c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 l\u1ee3p ng\u00f3i. V\u00e0 b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi du kh\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01b0 d\u00e2n, Xela mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi: c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Quetzaltenango, commonly known by its Maya designation\u00a0Xelaj\u00fa\u00a0or\u00a0Xela, is a historically and culturally affluent city situated in the\u00a0Guatemalan highlands. The designation\u00a0Quetzaltenango, articulated [ketsalte\u02c8na\u014b\u0261o], signifies its profound indigenous legacy, but\u00a0Xelaj\u00fa\u00a0[\u0283ela\u02c8\u03c7u] or\u00a0Xela\u00a0[\u02c8\u0283ela] are appellations that connect with the local populace, maintaining the city\u2019s historical character.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2953,"parent":9021,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9032","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9032"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9032\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9021"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}