Haiti t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n: m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 11,4 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n (\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh n\u0103m 2025) tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 27.750 km\u00b2 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ven bi\u1ec3n; qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm ba ph\u1ea7n t\u00e1m ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Hispaniola, n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng Cuba v\u00e0 Jamaica v\u00e0 ph\u00eda nam Bahamas. Port-au-Prince, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i neo \u0111\u1eadu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng m\u00f3ng ng\u1ef1a, mang l\u1ea1i cho qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 1.771 km. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn n\u00e0y, Haiti t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t v\u00f9ng Caribe, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. B\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt sau \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t qua l\u0103ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
N\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ven bi\u1ec3n h\u1eb9p, n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba Haiti l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e3y n\u00fai v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng s\u00f4ng. Massif du Nord, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Cordillera Central c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Dominica, nh\u00f4 ra ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc t\u1eeb S\u00f4ng Guayamouc, k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf m\u0169i b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o. Ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 Plaine du Nord, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh lang \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p \u00f4m l\u1ea5y bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u00e0 canh t\u00e1c t\u1eadp trung trong s\u1ef1 che ch\u1edf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3n gi\u00f3, trong khi c\u00e1c thung l\u0169ng khu\u1ea5t gi\u00f3 b\u1ecb thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
Trung Haiti tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y cao nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng. Cao nguy\u00ean Trung Haiti n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Guayamouc, nghi\u00eang t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f4ng nam sang t\u00e2y b\u1eafc. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam l\u00e0 Montagnes Noires, ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang h\u00f2a v\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i n\u00fai ph\u00eda b\u1eafc. Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e3y n\u00fai n\u00e0y, Plaine de l'Artibonite kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i: \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 Riviere l'Artibonite, con s\u00f4ng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t Haiti, ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Dominica v\u00e0o Golfe de la Gon\u00e2ve. Gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, Lac de P\u00e9ligre - h\u1ed3 l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Haiti - ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau khi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i thung l\u0169ng.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam, V\u00f9ng Xaragua bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Plaine du Cul-de-Sac v\u00e0 B\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Tiburon. Cul-de-Sac n\u1eb1m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng tr\u0169ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ao n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u2014Trou Ca\u00efman v\u00e0 \u00c9tang Saumatre l\u1edbn h\u01a1n\u2014ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong s\u1ef1 t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng. Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Cha\u00eene de la Selle tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Massif de la Selle \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Massif de la Hotte \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, b\u1eafc qua x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o. M\u1ed7i d\u00e3y n\u00fai v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bt\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Haiti trong h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n
Bao quanh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Haiti l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c mang trong m\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ri\u00eang. Tortuga, ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, g\u1ee3i l\u00ean h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng t\u00ean c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII. Gon\u00e2ve, h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang, n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean V\u1ecbnh Gon\u00e2ve, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n b\u1ea5p b\u00eanh. \u00cele \u00e0 Vache n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cayemite canh g\u00e1c l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Pestel. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea3o Navassa, c\u00e1ch J\u00e9r\u00e9mie b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i h\u1ea3i l\u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Haiti, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 do Hoa K\u1ef3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh tranh ch\u1ea5p dai d\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Haiti tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh. T\u1ea1i Port-au-Prince, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e1ng 1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 23 \u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 31 \u00b0C; v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t 25 \u00b0C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u1ea1t 35 \u00b0C. T\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 1.370 mm, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o hai m\u00f9a m\u01b0a\u2014t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 6 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11\u2014trong khi m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 1. Nh\u1eefng nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u n\u00e0y chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 canh t\u00e1c, cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a \u00edt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, v\u00ec n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 do \u0111\u00f3 xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u00e3o, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u1ef1c \u0111oan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft d\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u0169.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Haiti. N\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bt\u1ea1o B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Caribe, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u00e3o d\u00e2ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o n\u00e0o. Th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda n\u0103m 2010 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u1ea3 k\u00e8m theo \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u2014nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc, Haiti c\u00f3 trung b\u00ecnh kho\u1ea3ng 350 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kil\u00f4m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thung l\u0169ng d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn. N\u0103m 2018, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 10,8 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi; \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2025, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c cho th\u1ea5y d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 11,4 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u01b0\u1edbi 20 tu\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cho c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, Haiti v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. GDP b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t g\u1ea7n 1.800 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9, trong khi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1t g\u1ea7n 19,97 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 (s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u0103m 2017). \u0110\u1ed3ng gourde c\u1ee7a Haiti \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tham nh\u0169ng dai d\u1eb3ng, b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng di c\u01b0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u0103m 2010 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i; GDP theo s\u1ee9c mua t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3m 8 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, t\u1eeb 12,15 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 11,18 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9. Trong n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, Haiti x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 145 trong s\u1ed1 182 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 57 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ba bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. Nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i t\u1ee5t h\u1eadu so v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh du l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng, nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai h\u00f9ng v\u0129 v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea5m \u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m thu h\u00fat s\u00e1nh ngang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. N\u0103m 2014, Haiti \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n 1,25 tri\u1ec7u du kh\u00e1ch\u2014h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0u du l\u1ecbch\u2014v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra doanh thu du l\u1ecbch kho\u1ea3ng 200 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o di s\u1ea3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n v\u00e0 k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n
Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n. C\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t Best Western Premier \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Royal Oasis by Occidental n\u0103m sao t\u1ea1i P\u00e9tion-Ville, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Marriott b\u1ed1n sao \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i Turgeau, Port-au-Prince. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp theo xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Port-au-Prince, Les Cayes, Cap-Ha\u00eftien v\u00e0 Jacmel. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n so v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng danh lam th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ee5t h\u1eadu so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 trong khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hai xa l\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh. Tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nationale s\u1ed1 1 kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb Port-au-Prince, \u0111i qua Montrouis v\u00e0 Gona\u00efves tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1ea1i Cap-Ha\u00eftien \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc. Tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nationale s\u1ed1 2 n\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u1edbi Les Cayes qua L\u00e9og\u00e2ne v\u00e0 Petit-Go\u00e2ve \u1edf ph\u00eda nam. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 k\u00e9m, v\u1edbi \u1ed5 g\u00e0 v\u00e0 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i qua trong nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u1ea3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Port-au-Prince, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u, b\u1ebfn l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 kho r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 do ph\u00ed cao. Saint-Marc \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o \u01b0a th\u00edch cho h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p, chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 cao. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft "xuy\u00ean Hispaniola" n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n Haiti v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Dominica \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2018 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang ch\u1edd quy ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
Du l\u1ecbch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Toussaint L'Ouverture, n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch Port-au-Prince m\u01b0\u1eddi km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc t\u1ea1i Tabarre. S\u00e2n bay n\u00e0y x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Cap-Ha\u00eftien, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ph\u00eda b\u1eafc. C\u00e1c s\u00e2n bay nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u1edf Jacmel, J\u00e9r\u00e9mie, Les Cayes v\u00e0 Port-de-Paix ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2024, sau ba th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda do b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, Toussaint L'Ouverture \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c men v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
B\u1ed5 sung cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, xe bu\u00fdt \u201ctap tap\u201d ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe bu\u00fdt ho\u1eb7c xe b\u00e1n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo c\u00e1c v\u00f2i m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean th\u00e2n kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eebng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd\u2014ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 taxi chung. Thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, ch\u00fang \u0111i theo c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh khi \u0111\u1ea7y, mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i khi xu\u1ed1ng xe t\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng sinh th\u00e1i. Haiti v\u1eabn l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Caribe. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c canh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y; c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng cho Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ea1n ch\u1eb7t ph\u00e1 g\u1ed7 tr\u00e0n lan. Ng\u00e0y nay, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t than c\u1ee7i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u \u0103n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t r\u1eebng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai tr\u01a1 tr\u1ee5i l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e0n, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u0169 b\u00f9n.<\/p>\n
Phong c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Haiti do \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 mong manh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00fang ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i qua qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 sinh k\u1ebf, gi\u1eefa di s\u1ea3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Haiti v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Haiti chi\u1ebfm ba ph\u1ea7n t\u00e1m ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Hispaniola, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Dominica. N\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Cuba v\u00e0 Jamaica, v\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a Bahamas, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Haiti \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3558,"parent":24084,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7755","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7755","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7755"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7755\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24084"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7755"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}