Santa Marta m\u1edf ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp, ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i t\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Caribe. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Distrito Tur\u00edstico, Cultural e Hist\u00f3rico de Santa Marta, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u00f3ng ng\u1ef1a c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1eb3ng l\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu d\u00e3y n\u00fai nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. L\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn Magdalena v\u00e0 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng Caribe c\u1ee7a Colombia\u2014sau Barranquilla, Cartagena v\u00e0 Soledad\u2014th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u1eeba mang t\u00ednh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1eeba mang s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1525 b\u1edfi Rodrigo de Bastidas, Santa Marta n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai \u1edf Nam M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n
L\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi, b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Santa Marta thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh gh\u00e9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean Tayrona \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tinh vi tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc thang d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i Sierra Nevada. C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i tr\u00ean n\u00fai v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, n\u01a1i ng\u00f4, c\u00e2y yucca, d\u1ee9a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 thu th\u1eadp mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 ven bi\u1ec3n cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa m\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p: mu\u1ed1i ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ven bi\u1ec3n l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c tinh x\u1ea3o - m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 hoa v\u0103n h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p - ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i "nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y".<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Rodrigo de Bastidas v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1525 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh cho v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, nh\u01b0ng Bastidas h\u00ecnh dung ra m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng Caribe v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean Andes. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecbnh, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf cho ph\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt h\u00f2a v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4 s\u01a1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh xung quanh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung t\u00e2m, n\u01a1i tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng song sinh c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c dai d\u1eb3ng do b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi g\u00e2y ra, khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 s\u1edbm c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u1eefa, trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Nam M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n
Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Santa Marta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn may thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u g\u1ed7 n\u00f4ng k\u00eau c\u00f3t k\u00e9t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ecfi b\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Panama v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00e2y Ban Nha. M\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c haciendas m\u1ecdc l\u00ean \u1edf thung l\u0169ng Magdalena m\u00e0u m\u1ee1, tr\u1ed3ng ca cao, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u00eda cho c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai b\u1edd \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2014ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u Phi b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c qua \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2014duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Creole c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9: nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 qu\u00e9t v\u00f4i tr\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t son, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh lang h\u1eb9p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u00e2n hi\u00ean ri\u00eang v\u00e0 ban c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft r\u00e8n nh\u00ecn ra v\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 1830, Santa Marta chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong k\u00fd \u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Quinta de San Pedro Alejandrino\u2014m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n n\u1eb1m ngay b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i r\u00eca th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1\u2014\u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm n\u01a1i ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i kh\u1ecfi c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111ang gi\u00e0y v\u00f2 ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng tu\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y \u1ed5i th\u01a1m ng\u00e1t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb xa. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf tu\u1ed5i b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m m\u1ed9 linh thi\u00eang c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Caracas s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Venezuela. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Quinta v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 mong manh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, Santa Marta chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian liminal gi\u1eefa bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u1eddi. Tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m ngay tr\u00ean m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecbnh che ch\u1edf cho nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 t\u00e0u du l\u1ecbch. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, v\u00f9ng Caribe tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi; v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Aracataca\u2014n\u01a1i sinh c\u1ee7a Gabriel Garc\u00eda M\u00e1rquez\u2014v\u00e0 Ci\u00e9naga \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh lang \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n chu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch Bogot\u00e1 992 km theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111i l\u00ean qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8o Andes \u0111\u1ebfn cao nguy\u00ean cao. Barranquilla ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch 93 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c, n\u01a1i c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 v\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n chen ch\u00fac v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a Santa Marta.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i giao \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u00fai. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi (K\u00f6ppen Aw) nh\u01b0ng \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1n kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n n\u00f3ng, Santa Marta tr\u1ea3i qua hai m\u00f9a r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4, khi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng quanh ba m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 C. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5 v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n m\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, b\u1ed5 sung n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1edbi m\u00e0u xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c xung quanh. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u00e1m v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ngay c\u1ea3 trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi - s\u1ef1 r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u0111i b\u1edfi s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng - mang theo c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac.<\/p>\n
Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, Santa Marta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kho v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1edbi trung t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thung l\u0169ng Magdalena, trong khi S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar\u2014c\u00e1ch trung t\u00e2m kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u km\u2014k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Sierra Nevada ngay ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. N\u00fat th\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i dung h\u00f2a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean h\u01a1n 500.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng du l\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung quanh trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Santa Marta. Rodadero, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng ch\u00e0i khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ven bi\u1ec3n, nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1o b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con h\u1ebbm h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a khu ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u ng\u1ecdc lam s\u1eabm g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00ea ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng sang m\u00e0u lam ng\u1ecdc r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 ph\u00eda sau b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n. Du kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n\u2014nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1edbt s\u00f3ng l\u01b0\u1edbt qua nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm, tr\u1ebb em \u0111ua di\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc b\u00e3i c\u00e1t l\u00fac ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng\u2014nh\u01b0ng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m ch\u00fat c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, Santa Marta \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua hai m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh song song l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c di t\u00edch th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba hi\u1ec7n ra trong t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u v\u00e0 container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n; nh\u1eefng th\u1eeda ru\u1ed9ng b\u1eadc thang b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u1ea9n m\u00ecnh d\u1ecdc theo nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n tr\u00ean n\u00fai, v\u1eaby g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch phi\u00eau l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Pueblito. C\u00e1c khu ch\u1ee3 tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp \u0111u \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 lulo, ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecbt t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi m\u00e0u x\u00e1m x\u1ec9n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng. \u1ede m\u1ed7i ng\u00e3 r\u1ebd, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian: nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, nh\u1eefng v\u1edf k\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, n\u01a1i s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu v\u00e0 n\u01a1i nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c vi\u1ebft n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t Colombia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Santa Marta\u00a0is situated between the\u00a0Caribbean Sea\u00a0and the\u00a0Sierra Nevada mountains, representing a significant intersection of\u00a0historical significance,\u00a0natural landscapes, and\u00a0cultural vibrancy.\u00a0Santa Marta\u00a0presents a special chance for guests to travel back in time while savoring contemporary conveniences and breathtaking\u00a0coastline scenery\u00a0as the second oldest surviving city in\u00a0South America\u00a0and the oldest in\u00a0Colombia.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4105,"parent":7405,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7420","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7420"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7420\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7405"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}