Kislovodsk, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi 128.553 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a Nga n\u0103m 2010, n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c n\u00fai h\u1eb9p \u1edf Stavropol Krai \u1edf B\u1eafc Kavkaz c\u1ee7a Nga, n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa Bi\u1ec3n \u0110en v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n Caspi \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb 725 \u0111\u1ebfn 1.200 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1803 sau khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Narzan v\u00e0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, hi\u1ec7n nay n\u01a1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng N\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng Kavkaz. N\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch ga xe l\u1eeda Mineralnye Vody b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i km v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch trung t\u00e2m khu v\u1ef1c Stavropol hai tr\u0103m ba m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam, Kislovodsk k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 su\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i vi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c r\u1eb7ng \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 sa th\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u0103m m\u00e9t.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh gi\u1eefa ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Kavkaz, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Kislovodsk kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb v\u1ecb chua c\u1ee7a Narzan, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc hydrocarbonat-sulfat, canxi-magi\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt t\u1eebng khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y "kh\u00e1 chua", m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1773, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Peter \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 su\u1ed1i n\u00e0y v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2 ch\u0103m ch\u00fa, than th\u1edf r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 \u0111i ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i 45 km sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb m\u1ecf Kumskoye ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n; trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng b\u01a1m c\u1ee7a khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, thung l\u0169ng tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea3y km t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f4ng nam sang t\u00e2y b\u1eafc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng Olkhovka v\u00e0 Berezovaya khi ch\u00fang h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u v\u00e0o Podkumok. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Borgustan Ridge, cao 1.209 m\u00e9t, trong khi v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng nam, Dzhinalsky Ridge tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 1.542 m\u00e9t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec9nh Verkhniy Dzhinal. C\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn ph\u00eda nam v\u00e0 t\u00e2y nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi Kabardinsky Ridge, c\u00f3 cuestas cao t\u1edbi 1.603 m\u00e9t, v\u00e0 Cao nguy\u00ean Bermamytsky, b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u1ebbm n\u00fai s\u00e2u. S\u1ef1 phong h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1 sa th\u1ea1ch xung quanh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecf k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, h\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh canh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ru\u1ed9ng b\u1eadc thang v\u00e0 hang \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
Khu v\u1ef1c bao quanh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00ec s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t thung l\u0169ng s\u00e2u, Kislovodsk v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong l\u00e0nh t\u1eeb n\u00fai tr\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ebbm n\u00fai s\u00f4ng. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, l\u1edbp m\u00e2y ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 cao t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn hai tr\u0103m m\u00e9t, khi\u1ebfn Kislovodsk ng\u1eadp tr\u00e0n trong \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong khi Yessentuki ho\u1eb7c Pyatigorsk ch\u00ecm trong s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u m\u00f9a h\u00e8, c\u00e1c spa kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, m\u00e2y v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00f4ng b\u00e3o b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 150 ng\u00e0y quang \u0111\u00e3ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m\u2014g\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng hai l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf Pyatigorsk\u2014c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0y u \u00e1m v\u00e0 2.093 gi\u1edd n\u1eafng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 8,4 \u00b0C \u1edf thung l\u0169ng v\u00e0 6,5 \u00b0C tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i xung quanh, trong khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a, \u1edf m\u1ee9c 674 mm m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a h\u00e8, mang l\u1ea1i cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Kislovodsk n\u1eb1m \u1edf ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 narzans. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t. Su\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh Narzan cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 12 \u00b0C v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a l\u00e0 1,8 g\/L v\u00e0 carbon dioxide l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1,0 g\/L; su\u1ed1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Dolomite narzan, gi\u00e0u natri, clo v\u00e0 carbon dioxide v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 2,0 g\/L, cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 5,0 g\/L v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng chai v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng b\u01a1m tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y. Sulfate narzan, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 6,7 g\/L do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng magi\u00ea v\u00e0 natri sulfat cao, mang theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u2014bo, k\u1ebdm, mangan, stronti\u2014v\u00e0 s\u1eaft v\u1ebft v\u00e0 asen; su\u1ed1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, m\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc ri\u00eang, ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ngh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n
Bao quanh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y, Resort Park tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 965,8 ha\u2014v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi Royal Richmond Park n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng g\u1ea7n London. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1823, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 c\u00e2y b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00e2y keo u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00e3i c\u1ecf, \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u00e2n hi\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng xanh c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. \u1ede nh\u00e0 ga th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gian h\u00e0ng Temple of Air, \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1p treo ki\u1ec3u con l\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1973. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edf 25 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i cabin tr\u00ean qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 1.743 m\u00e9t trong b\u1ea3y ph\u00fat, tuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1p treo n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn Mountain Park v\u00e0 Olympic Complex, mang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh Elbrus v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9. Ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y Narzan, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1848 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1858 theo phong c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n Gothic c\u1ee7a S. Upton v\u00e0 H. Francois, che ch\u1edf cho Boiling Well, c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng b\u01a1m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm ch\u00ednh Narzan, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1901 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1903 theo phong c\u00e1ch Indo-Saracenic c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 AN Klepinin, th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh d\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u1ea7u thang thanh l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cao. M\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng c\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 Corinthian, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c NN Semenov h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1912 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Napoleon, hi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean sau khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a sau chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 tinh khi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00eda sau khu spa l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1: Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Kislovodsk. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1809 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i th\u00f4 s\u01a1, ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi ph\u00f3 v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a MS Vorontsov th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u1edbi doanh tr\u1ea1i, kho thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf cho s\u0129 quan. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u1ed5ng, th\u00e1p g\u00f3c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00e8m bao quanh B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u01a1i chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt theo d\u00f5i ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n
\u0110i xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 trung t\u00e2m, C\u1ea7u thang Cascade, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i dolomit h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1934 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1935 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u01b0 LS Zaleskaya v\u00e0 KA Shevchenko, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean v\u1edbi hai c\u1ea7u thang song song \u1edf hai b\u00ean. T\u1eeb s\u00e2n hi\u00ean h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng theo c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m, m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u00e1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai xa xa. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Chaliapin Dacha khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1902\u20131904 theo phong c\u00e1ch Art Nouveau. Fedor Chaliapin \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1917 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y; b\u00ean trong, nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh t\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Konstantin Korovin v\u00e0 l\u00f2 s\u01b0\u1edfi do Roerich ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Chaliapin.<\/p>\n
V\u0103n h\u00f3a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Kursaal tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Vladikavkaz, hay T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Philharmonic, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1895 b\u1edfi EI Deskubes v\u00e0 Thomas. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 theo phong c\u00e1ch Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t\u2014ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Gorky\u2014v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng v\u1eefa, th\u1ea7n t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Mozart, Beethoven v\u00e0 Glinka \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed1c tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u. C\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u gi\u1eef B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u v\u00e0 V\u0103n h\u00f3a \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a N\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng Kavkaz, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c, trang ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 t\u1eeb di s\u1ea3n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00f5i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u0103n h\u00f3a. M\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e1i xe ng\u1eafn s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau tr\u00ean S\u00f4ng Alikonovka, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00fa nh\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ednh h\u00f4n \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c. Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Th\u00e1c Honey \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m m\u00e9t tr\u00ean dolomit b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng khung b\u1edfi t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 "Bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o" gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u0169i t\u00e0u. Ba km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, \u0110\u00e1 Lermontov nh\u00f4 l\u00ean tr\u00ean h\u1ebbm n\u00fai Olkhovka, m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 sa th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tay \u0111\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Pechorin v\u00e0 Grushnitsky trong "Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta". Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2n n\u00fai c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Hang \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef7 - nh\u1eefng hang \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00f2m mang gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo nh\u1eefng \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n
Trong nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c y\u00ean t\u0129nh h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eebng c\u00f3 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho FA Tsander, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh t\u00ean l\u1eeda Li\u00ean X\u00f4. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u01b0\u1eddi hai n\u0103m, c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p, s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng. \u1ede n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, Kshesinskaya Dacha\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh h\u00f9ng Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nga-Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 Timofey Astakhov \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1906\u2014hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a khu v\u1ef1c, m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Nga v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n
M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi giao th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Kislovodsk ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c spa c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ga \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Mineralnye Vody; c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c spa l\u00e2n c\u1eadn v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ean n\u00fai nh\u01b0 Dombay v\u00e0 Teberda, trong khi m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ebd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tuy\u1ebft m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c Prielbrusye. Trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, ba m\u01b0\u01a1i hai tuy\u1ebfn xe bu\u00fdt nh\u1ecf, taxi Gazelle v\u00e0 taxi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i qua c\u00e1c con ph\u1ed1 quanh co c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch \u0111i trong ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee3 Lyudmila g\u1ea7n Pyatigorsk v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m tham quan thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean xung quanh. M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m xe bu\u00fdt \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i vi th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m giao th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c, hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng v\u1eadn may c\u1ee7a Kislovodsk v\u1eabn g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a du l\u1ecbch s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n
Khi th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra, Kislovodsk v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng spa tr\u00ean n\u00fai h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh l\u1ecdc b\u1edfi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 thung l\u0169ng ban \u0111\u00eam, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c b\u1eadc thang v\u00e0 hang \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u thang v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng c\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi b\u00e0n tay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u1eeba y\u00ean t\u0129nh v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
Khi \u0111an xen c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y t\u00e2n Gothic, bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Art Nouveau v\u00e0 su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, Kislovodsk m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb9p b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng r\u1eb7ng \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 sa th\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng khung b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi v\u1ebb thanh l\u1ecbch nghi\u00eam trang, trong khi b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ga s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt, ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ec7nh. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, trong s\u1ef1 t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thung l\u0169ng n\u00fai, du kh\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00ean t\u0129nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 spa. Trong s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac n\u00e0y, Kislovodsk v\u1eabn l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a spa\u2014m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00ec \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u00f3 ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u1eb1m trong thung l\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 tranh v\u1ebd c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng B\u1eafc Kavkaz c\u1ee7a Nga, Kislovodsk l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 spa n\u00e0y, t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i Stavropol Krai gi\u1eefa Bi\u1ec3n \u0110en v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n Caspi, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 128.553 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0110i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2010. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 "n\u01b0\u1edbc chua" trong ti\u1ebfng Nga, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng gi\u00e0u kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bl\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17486,"parent":11976,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17089","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17089","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17089"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17089\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11976"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17486"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17089"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}