N\u1eb1m cao tr\u00ean d\u00e3y n\u00fai Ore d\u1ecdc theo bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi S\u00e9c-\u0110\u1ee9c, J\u00e1chymov chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t thung l\u0169ng h\u1eb9p \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 733 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai cao ch\u00f3t v\u00f3t nh\u01b0 Kl\u00ednovec (1.244 m) v\u00e0 Bo\u017e\u00eddarsk\u00fd \u0160pi\u010d\u00e1k (1.115 m). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 2.300 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n phong h\u00f3a v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ed1c, quanh co c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Bohemia. S\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n, ng\u00e0nh luy\u1ec7n kim ti\u00ean phong v\u00e0 c\u00e1c spa \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n n\u01a1i n\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng - \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y mang t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ed3ng thaler v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la; uranium c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; v\u00e0 c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng gi\u00e0u radon c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ed3n t\u1eafm tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n
J\u00e1chymov ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thung l\u0169ng v\u00f4 danh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 "Thal" ho\u1eb7c "thung l\u0169ng". \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1516 khi Steffan Schlick th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean Sankt Joachimsthal\u2014"Thung l\u0169ng Th\u00e1nh Joachim"\u2014sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u00e9c h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh J\u00e1chymov. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a thung l\u0169ng mang nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft s\u1eb9o c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 khai th\u00e1c, trong khi c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c c\u00f3 r\u1eebng v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1edd t\u1eebng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa Bohemia v\u00e0 Saxony. Ng\u00e0y nay, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh n\u0103m khu v\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1\u2014J\u00e1chymov proper, Mari\u00e1nsk\u00e1, Nov\u00e9 M\u011bsto, Such\u00e1 v\u00e0 Vr\u0161ek\u2014m\u1ed7i khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf, nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra qu\u1eb7ng b\u1ea1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1512 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i J\u00e1chymov g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 sau m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh Schlick, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1534, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20.000 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n - tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai \u1edf Bohemia. Ti\u1ec1n xu tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1520 tr\u1edf \u0111i, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Joachimsthalers \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac t\u1eeb m\u00e1y \u00e9p b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf ho\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1533 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1536. Nh\u1eefng "thalers" n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh "tolar" trong ti\u1ebfng S\u00e9c, "daalder" trong ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0 Lan v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 "dollar" trong ti\u1ebfng Anh. Khi Ferdinand I n\u1eafm gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1528, B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Schlick \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 Joachimsthaler v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, di s\u1ea3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e1ng g\u1eddm c\u1ee7a J\u00e1chymov \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat Georgius Agricola, m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quan s\u00e1t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1527 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1531 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho ng\u00e0nh kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f2 nung, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e1ch qu\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong De re metallica (1556). C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Agricola s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n kim. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u cho Bohemia c\u0169ng mang theo nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m: th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o sau n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng \u0111en l\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a J\u00e1chymov. Th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn Lutheranism v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1520, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St Joachim (1534\u20131540) l\u00e0m th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba Tin l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Bohemia. V\u1edbi Chi\u1ebfn tranh Schmalkaldic, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Saxon \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng thung l\u0169ng, v\u00e0 sau cu\u1ed9c Ph\u1ea3n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u0103m 1621, nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh Lutheran \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Saxon. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 J\u00e1chymov tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m qu\u1eadn Habsburg trong \u00c1o-Hung cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1918. Trong khi b\u1ea1c v\u1eabn quan tr\u1ecdng trong su\u1ed1t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c niken, bismuth, ch\u00ec, asen, coban, thi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 l\u00e0 uranium \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n: b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u g\u1ed1c uranium v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1856 v\u00e0 1860. N\u0103m 1873, m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n theo phong c\u00e1ch Baroque v\u00e0 T\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ecf s\u00f2 Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i. Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c s\u1ed1 131, c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1520, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Bohemia. T\u00f2a th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh, ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1530 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t dinh th\u1ef1 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Schlick, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1901\u20131902 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Latin hi\u1ebfm hoi trong t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t uraninit v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1898, Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 m\u1edbi\u2014radium\u2014bi\u1ebfn J\u00e1chymov th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cho \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 sau, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1929, b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Praha, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Josef L\u00f6wy \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft "nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed b\u00ed \u1ea9n" trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i \u1edf th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phun n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao. C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 ghi nh\u1eadn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd trung b\u00ecnh kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i hai n\u0103m \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n khai th\u00e1c uranium. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m n\u00e0y b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111en t\u1ed1i h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.<\/p>\n
Sau Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Munich n\u0103m 1938, J\u00e1chymov \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp. Uranium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1939 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tham v\u1ecdng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec7 tam \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf\u2014cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c m\u1ecdc l\u00ean xung quanh c\u00e1c m\u1ecf. C\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn tranh Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb S\u00e9c b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef sau n\u0103m 1948 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1964, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
Song song v\u1edbi di s\u1ea3n khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf, J\u00e1chymov c\u00f2n nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p. M\u1ed9t con su\u1ed1i t\u1ea1o ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a radon \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1864, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1906, spa radon \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u m\u1edbi m\u1edf c\u1eeda. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo Karlovy Vary v\u00e0 Mari\u00e1nsk\u00e9 L\u00e1zn\u011b g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, Trung t\u00e2m Spa Agricola (1906\u20131911) \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a con su\u1ed1i - d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 hormesis b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 - \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n kinh, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u1ea5p kh\u1edbp, b\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i da v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh g\u00fat v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u00e0y nay, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t y t\u1ebf, du kh\u00e1ch ng\u00e2m m\u00ecnh trong b\u1ed3n t\u1eafm ch\u1ee9a radon h\u00f2a tan (\u00b2\u00b2\u00b2Rn), tin v\u00e0o t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111au v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng vi\u00eam c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn \u0111ang c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda, m\u1ecf Svornost - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1525 - v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ecf khai th\u00e1c l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. \u1ede n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, khu ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p Eduard \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m biathlon, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1eafn s\u00fang tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n. Vi\u1ec7c J\u00e1chymov \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cho Khu v\u1ef1c khai th\u00e1c Ore Mountain ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan v\u0103n h\u00f3a phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c di t\u00edch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c m\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed1ng x\u1ec9, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Royal Mint J\u00e1chymov, n\u1eb1m trong t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ec1n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. C\u1ed9t Holy Trinity (1703) \u0111\u1ee9ng g\u00e1c \u1edf qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, trong khi L\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Freudenstein li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 - t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1520 - v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai t\u00f2a th\u00e1p (Th\u00e1p Schlick v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Prach\u00e1rna) t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh l\u0169y b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Khu di t\u00edch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 \u1edf li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ed5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, l\u00f5i th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o theo phong c\u00e1ch Baroque v\u00e0 T\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m linh thi\u00eang bao g\u1ed3m Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd All Saints (\u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng, n\u0103m 1520), n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed7; Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St Joachim, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Lutheran ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2n trang theo phong c\u00e1ch Baroque (1764\u20131785) v\u00e0 t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft theo phong c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 Gothic sau m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1870; v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Evangelical (n\u0103m 1904), m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac spa l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Radium Palace theo phong c\u00e1ch T\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n (n\u0103m 1912) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c Richard Strauss, ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch Tom\u00e1\u0161 G. Masaryk v\u00e0 Vua Fuad I c\u1ee7a Ai C\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i n\u0103m 1966 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc Karel Lidick\u00fd k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Curie t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u di s\u1ea3n radium c\u1ee7a J\u00e1chymov.<\/p>\n
J\u00e1chymov ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed. Do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng I\/25 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 xe bu\u00fdt \u0111\u1ebfn Karlovy Vary. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, ba khu tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tuy\u1ebft\u2014Novako, Kl\u00ednovec v\u00e0 Kl\u00ednovec\u2011Neklid\u2014thu h\u00fat nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean n\u00fai cao v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tuy\u1ebft b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, trong khi ph\u1ea1m vi biathlon t\u1ea1i Eduard g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ec3 thao. C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Georgius Agricola cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed trong nh\u00e0, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean nh\u1eb1m t\u00f4n vinh t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng khu r\u1eebng l\u00e1 kim r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf cao nguy\u00ean, J\u00e1chymov mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp: ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc cu\u1ed1c s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u00f9i th\u00f4ng trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean n\u00fai v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n \u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf spa hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Trong nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 quanh co, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n l\u01b0u gi\u1eef ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ecfi b\u1ea1c, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea1c qu\u1eb7ng n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a J\u00e1chymov kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn hay bi k\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi - kinh t\u1ebf, khoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a D\u00e3y n\u00fai Ore. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u; radium c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i ng\u1ea7m ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh. Thung l\u0169ng t\u1eebng sinh ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng t\u00ean gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, J\u00e1chymov t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi, k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
J\u00e1chymov, m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n spa nh\u1ecf n\u1eb1m \u1edf V\u00f9ng Karlovy Vary c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c, c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 2.400 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y, n\u1eb1m \u1edf D\u00e3y n\u00fai Ore, \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29465,"parent":14322,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16218","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16218"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16218\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14322"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}