M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u \u00c1, m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 1.564.116 km2 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ec3n hay h\u1ed3 n\u00e0o. Ph\u00eda b\u1eafc gi\u00e1p Nga v\u00e0 ph\u00eda nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng nam gi\u00e1p Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p bi\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i theo nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh: \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean cao nguy\u00ean trung t\u00e2m, trong khi c\u00e1c d\u00e3y n\u00fai m\u1ecdc l\u00ean \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, v\u00e0 sa m\u1ea1c Gobi - m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n c\u00e1t c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i - tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 3,5 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Ulaanbaatar, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, khi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3i v\u00e0 th\u01b0a th\u1edbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u0169i c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u1ed9 120\u00b0 \u0110\u00f4ng, g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng H\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2u \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, trong khi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn 87\u00b0 \u0110\u00f4ng\u2014g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng kinh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Kolkata. V\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 41\u00b0 B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn ngay sau 52\u00b0 B\u1eafc, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Rome v\u00e0 Berlin, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa Chicago v\u00e0 Saskatoon. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean cao nguy\u00ean n\u00e0y. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb b\u1eafc xu\u1ed1ng nam, t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 200\u2013350 mm \u1edf v\u00f9ng cao c\u00f3 r\u1eebng xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p t\u1edbi 40 mm \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Gobi. M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng mang theo m\u1ed9t \u00e1p th\u1ea5p \u00e1p th\u1ea5p Siberia kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thung l\u0169ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi -30 \u00b0C, trong khi m\u00f9a h\u00e8 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i n\u00f3ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i sa m\u1ea1c, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n m\u01b0a r\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i qua h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c li\u00ean minh du m\u1ee5c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Th\u00e0nh C\u00e1t T\u01b0 H\u00e3n tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1206, th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cai tr\u1ecb b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hung N\u00f4, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ti\u00ean Ti, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nhu Nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khaganate ng\u01b0\u1eddi Turkic v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Duy Ng\u00f4 Nh\u0129 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp. Khi Tem\u00fcjin - sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh C\u00e1t T\u01b0 H\u00e3n - th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi ch\u00e1u trai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 H\u1ed1t T\u1ea5t Li\u1ec7t, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Sau khi nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1368, c\u00e1c phe ph\u00e1i M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Dayan Khan v\u00e0 Tumen Zasagt Khan mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u0169ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Thanh, \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp Ngo\u1ea1i M\u00f4ng v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tu vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd: v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, c\u1ee9 ba nam gi\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1911 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp; quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1921, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1924. V\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ban h\u00e0nh hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi hai n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111a \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u00e0y nay, kho\u1ea3ng ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 duy tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng du m\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n du m\u1ee5c. Ng\u1ef1a v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a; nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc ger n\u1ec9 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 yurt) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh di chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0n c\u1eebu, d\u00ea, gia s\u00fac, ng\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n ger \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng tu vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 d\u1ea7m v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI v\u00e0 XVII, nh\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 n\u1ec9 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5. C\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n Lama th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m ger, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00ecnh l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0\u1eddi hai c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi m\u00e1i h\u00ecnh ch\u00f3p - g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong c\u1ee7a ger - tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf h\u00ecnh t\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1eafp h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t: ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng ch\u00edn m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m Khalkha chi\u1ebfm t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 Turkic - bao g\u1ed3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kazakh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tuva - chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef h\u1ec7 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef Khalkha. Ti\u1ebfng Kazakh chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Bayan-\u00d6lgii v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Tuva \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1940, ti\u1ebfng M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Kirin; sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft d\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2025 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1eef Kirin, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nghi l\u1ec5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u1edf M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ni\u1ec1m tin: Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vajrayana \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, trong khi b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Shaman v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kazakh, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng ba ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. S\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Shaman ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt theo m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00e1c thung l\u0169ng xa x\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o di s\u1ea3n ch\u0103n th\u1ea3 gia s\u00fac v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n. Ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng nhau chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m GDP; khai kho\u00e1ng\u2014t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng, than, molypden, thi\u1ebfc, vonfram v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng\u2014\u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kho\u1ea3ng hai m\u01b0\u01a1i hai ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cashmere \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. B\u00e1n bu\u00f4n v\u00e0 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u0169ng chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u kinh t\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c\u2014\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba GDP ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c\u2014lan tr\u00e0n kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u01a1i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, trong khi cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. N\u0103m 2023, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1ea3y ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng than k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung Qu\u1ed1c; chi ph\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea3y ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2024. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh, th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n v\u00e3ng lai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1n c\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi coi tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trung h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhu c\u1ea7u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Theo Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, kho\u1ea3ng hai m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022, trong khi GDP b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t g\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi hai ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m S\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024, s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y ni\u00eam y\u1ebft kho\u1ea3ng 180 c\u00f4ng ty v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng v\u1ed1n h\u00f3a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 3,2 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng kinh doanh. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u1eadp trung \u1edf Ulaanbaatar v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trung t\u00e2m t\u1ec9nh, khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho vay kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng \u0111i qua \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn n\u00e0y. Tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft xuy\u00ean M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 n\u1ed1i tuy\u1ebfn xuy\u00ean Siberia t\u1ea1i Ulan-Ude \u1edf Nga, ch\u1ea1y qua Ulaanbaatar v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Erenhot. M\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1ecf than Tavan Tolgoi \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 233 km. C\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh lang tr\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Ulaanbaatar c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ecfi ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n; c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e0 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng d\u1ecdc theo \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Nga v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 4.800 km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang n\u0103m 2013 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh 1.800 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Du l\u1ecbch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ea3 nhu c\u1ea7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Chinggis Khaan, c\u00e1ch Ulaanbaatar kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i hai km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam, l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay th\u1eb3ng n\u1ed1i M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v\u1edbi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Th\u00e1i Lan, H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Nga, \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3. MIAT Mongolian Airlines khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf; c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Aero Mongolia v\u00e0 Hunnu Airlines cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t aimag (t\u1ec9nh) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh, Ulaanbaatar. M\u1ed7i aimag bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u soum (ti\u1ec3u t\u1ec9nh), th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn hai m\u01b0\u01a1i hai soum cho m\u1ed7i t\u1ec9nh. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh n\u0103m v\u00f9ng: Trung M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 (bao g\u1ed3m Ulaanbaatar v\u00e0 Arkhangai), \u0110\u00f4ng M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 (tr\u00e1i tim th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh c\u1ee7a Th\u00e0nh C\u00e1t T\u01b0 H\u00e3n), Gobi, B\u1eafc M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 (cao nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l), v\u00e0 T\u00e2y M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 (c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng xung quanh H\u1ed3 Uvs v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i n\u00fai Tavan Bogd).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u1ed1i n\u00fai Tavan Bogd, \u1edf c\u1ef1c t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh cao nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ec9nh Kh\u00fciten (4.374 m). G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, H\u1ed3 Uvs v\u00e0 l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c xung quanh - chung v\u1edbi C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Tuva c\u1ee7a Nga - t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh Di s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a UNESCO. H\u1ed3 Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l, m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh quan n\u00fai cao v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ee7y sinh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o nh\u01b0 t\u00f4m Siberia. C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng Onon v\u00e0 Kherlen, c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c Amur, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 m\u00fat \u0111\u00e1 su\u1ed1i ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng Daurian v\u00e0 h\u00e0u ng\u1ecdc trai. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 zud, \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gia s\u00fac, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u0103n th\u1ea3 gia s\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e1 c\u1edd M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 mang bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Soyombo: m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, c\u00e1c v\u00ec sao v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o ger, ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00f6gr\u00f6g c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 (m\u00e3 ISO MNT, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u20ae) l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 000. B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 l\u1ea5y t\u00f6gr\u00f6g r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm; du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u00ean n\u00ean mang theo \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 chi tr\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi ti\u00eau l\u1edbn, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00f6gr\u00f6g m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1ecf v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb s\u1eefa\u2014byaslag (ph\u00f4 mai t\u01b0\u01a1i), \u00f6r\u00f6m (kem \u0111\u00f4ng) v\u00e0 aaruul (s\u1eefa \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4)\u2014v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng. Buuz (b\u00e1nh bao h\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n th\u1ecbt), khuushuur (b\u00e1nh m\u00ec d\u1eb9t nh\u00e2n th\u1ecbt chi\u00ean gi\u00f2n) v\u00e0 tsuivan (m\u00ec x\u00e0o v\u1edbi th\u1ecbt) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0103n ch\u00ednh \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, m\u1ed7i m\u00f3n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn t\u00f6gr\u00f6g. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn boodog, m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n th\u1ecbt d\u00ea ho\u1eb7c marmot n\u01b0\u1edbng trong da \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 n\u00f3ng, ho\u1eb7c khorkhog, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ecbt c\u1eebu, rau v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 n\u00f3ng om trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u1ea5m \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn tr\u00ean l\u1eeda. Airag\u2014s\u1eefa ng\u1ef1a l\u00ean men\u2014l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, trong khi arkhi\u2014r\u01b0\u1ee3u s\u1eefa ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t\u2014c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u r\u01b0\u1ee3u vodka M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 Chinggis Khaan, Soyombo v\u00e0 Golden Chinggis \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i bia nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 bia \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch \u00edt g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m l\u1edbn; du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e1i xe qua th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf, c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a, \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0 \u1edf Gobi ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1i ger g\u1ea7n Ulaanbaatar \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n t\u1ec9nh l\u1ebb, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u du kh\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u1edf l\u1ea1i qua \u0111\u00eam v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh du m\u1ee5c\u2014m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c b\u1eefa \u0103n g\u1ed3m th\u1ecbt c\u1eebu lu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 tr\u00e0 s\u1eefa v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng, s\u0103n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 shaman. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ng\u1ef1a Przewalski \u1edf C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia Khustain Nuruu, d\u00ea n\u00fai Siberia \u1edf Altai Tavan Bogd ho\u1eb7c chim di c\u01b0 \u1edf Uvs Nuur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 lang thang \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu n\u1eafp c\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1eadn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn k\u00e9m. Du kh\u00e1ch n\u00ean t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t: vi\u1ec7c \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng l\u00e0 Nam M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u01a1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng du m\u1ee5c v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai v\u00e0 sa m\u1ea1c, th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c ger v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u1eeda ch\u00ecm n\u1eeda n\u1ed5i trong l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1eeba c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a v\u1eeba th\u00edch nghi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, s\u1ef1 chinh ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi "V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi xanh", nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan v\u1eeba h\u00f9ng v\u0129 v\u1eeba r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p bi\u1ec3n v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 3,5 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n th\u01b0a d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn 1.564.116 km2. Qu\u1ed1c gia r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn n\u00e0y, n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa Nga \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf ph\u00eda nam, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean c\u1ecf, v\u00f9ng n\u00fai v\u00e0 Sa m\u1ea1c Gobi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4234,"parent":24063,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15411","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15411"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15411\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24063"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}