Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1, n\u1eb1m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t v\u1ebd tinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean b\u1edd Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh\u2014Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku v\u00e0 Kyushu\u2014c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n 3.000 km t\u1eeb c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n l\u1ea1nh Okhotsk \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3n Hoa \u0110\u00f4ng \u1edf ph\u00eda nam. V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 377.975 km2, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu r\u1eebng r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ven bi\u1ec3n h\u1eb9p, n\u01a1i ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n tr\u00ean V\u00e0nh \u0111ai l\u1eeda Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t lan t\u1ecfa kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u00f3n n\u00fai l\u1eeda\u2014h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2014x\u00e9 to\u1ea1c b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ng\u1ea7m. K\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u1edf Tokyo n\u0103m 1923, c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i sinh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 140.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i trong \u00fd th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n: tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn Hanshin n\u0103m 1995 v\u00e0 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t T\u014dhoku n\u0103m 2011, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t t\u1eeb b\u1eafc xu\u1ed1ng nam. \u1ede Hokkaido, m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp tuy\u1ebft d\u00e0y. Di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam, b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Honshu g\u1ee3i l\u00ean c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1nh l\u1ebdo v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, gi\u00f3 Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1ng tuy\u1ebft m\u1ed7i m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng. V\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean \u1edf trung t\u00e2m Honshu tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 theo m\u00f9a l\u1edbn, trong khi b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi Tokyo v\u00e0 Osaka b\u1ecb thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng. \u1ede ph\u00eda nam, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ry\u016bky\u016bs v\u00e0 Nanp\u014d n\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n m\u01b0a c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, s\u1ef1 \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 b\u1edfi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 5 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u00e3o v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a h\u00e8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. R\u1eebng, bao ph\u1ee7 hai ph\u1ea7n ba qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n ch\u00edn m\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u00ecn lo\u00e0i. G\u1ea5u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1n g\u1ed7 trong r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng Hokkaido; kh\u1ec9 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u1eb1m d\u00e0i trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i; nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0 k\u1ef3 nh\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3n l\u00e1ch qua c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng su\u1ed1i tr\u00ean n\u00fai. Trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Biwa ch\u1ea3y b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y th\u00edch v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebft t\u00f9ng; d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim di c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ba \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m Ramsar tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m, \u0111i v\u00e0o h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 c\u0169 mu\u1ed9n. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u0103n b\u1eafn h\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ea3y sinh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 khu v\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c cung \u0111\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u1edf n\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Nara. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba: Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t v\u00e0o t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1eeb nghi l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 cai tr\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sh\u014dgun n\u1eafm gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc samurai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba phong ki\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 shogun Kamakura v\u00e0 Ashikaga t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Chi\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7y chia r\u1ebd v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u. N\u0103m 1600, Tokugawa Ieyasu thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 m\u1edbi t\u1eeb Edo (Tokyo ng\u00e0y nay), th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4 l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c gia k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 r\u01b0\u1ee1i. D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Tokugawa, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac giai c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc: samurai ch\u1ec9 huy danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n; th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n, ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t; nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb ru\u1ed3ng b\u1ecf, burakumin, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 \u00f4 u\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u \u0111en c\u1ee7a Chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Perry v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1853 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o. Trong v\u00f2ng m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m n\u0103m, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 Tokugawa s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Minh Tr\u1ecb gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Minh Tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u1ed3 \u1ea1t: c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba phong ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bb\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1ecdc l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y l\u00ean v\u0169 \u0111\u00e0i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng gieo r\u1eafc tham v\u1ecdng qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 tranh gi\u00e0nh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c; \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1937, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1941, h\u1ecd t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1945 sau v\u1ee5 n\u00e9m bom ch\u00e1y c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u1edf Hiroshima v\u00e0 Nagasaki. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng minh, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf chi\u1ebfn tranh ngay c\u1ea3 khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t sau chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra xe m\u00e1y, \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed mang "S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n" v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u00e0u cao t\u1ed1c n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1; c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty; m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u00e0y nay, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p l\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u1ec7n, t\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Thi\u00ean ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u nghi l\u1ec5; quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nh\u00f3m B\u1ea3y, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1947 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u1ea5m tri\u1ec3n khai l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 chinh ph\u1ee5c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c an ninh v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Tokyo tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng minh l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Washington ngo\u00e0i NATO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 n\u0103m th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi theo GDP danh ngh\u0129a. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Ch\u016bbu v\u00e0 Kant\u014d, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f4 t\u00f4, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m robot tinh ch\u1ec9nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1eeb Osaka \u0111\u1ebfn Yokohama. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi n\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng - g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p hai l\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee1i GDP - v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i tr\u00ean 15 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ea5p. M\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u g\u1eafn k\u1ebft Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng - \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u - khi\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e3 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 123 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y; \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2025, c\u1ee9 b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m tu\u1ed5i. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh th\u1ea5p trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00e1m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2065. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u0111ang thu h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ebb vang v\u1ecdng kh\u1eafp v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, ngay c\u1ea3 khi hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ba qu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Tokyo v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1eabn ki\u00ean tr\u00ec tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh Japonic, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft kanji v\u00e0 kana \u0111an xen gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1eef t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef khu v\u1ef1c\u2014ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef Ryukyuan \u1edf Okinawa, ti\u1ebfng Ainu g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng \u1edf Hokkaido\u2014g\u1ee3i \u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp di s\u1ea3n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n. Trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111an xen: c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 theo m\u00f9a; c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a canh g\u00e1c c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eafp \u0111\u00e8n l\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e8n l\u1ed3ng; c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m tang k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a rung \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n. C\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng\u2014\u0111\u1ed3 s\u01a1n m\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t l\u1ee5a\u2014duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 noh g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng linh h\u1ed3n si\u00eau nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean kabuki bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh trong trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con r\u1ed1i bunraku t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01b0 ph\u00e1p th\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t c\u1ecd l\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, trong khi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u nghi l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a b\u00e1t, ch\u1ed5i v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ea8m th\u1ef1c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea7y sushi \u1edf qu\u1eadn Tsukiji c\u1ee7a Tokyo ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng m\u1ebb c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng; c\u00e1c b\u00e0n kaiseki c\u1ee7a Kyoto s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n theo m\u00f9a nh\u01b0 th\u01a1 haiku d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Hokkaido cung c\u1ea5p cua v\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e1 h\u1ed3i phong ph\u00fa. C\u01a1m, \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh v\u00e0 rong bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1eefa \u0103n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y; \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u1ecdt wagashi \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi nghi l\u1ec5 tr\u00e0 xanh. Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng b\u00e1t m\u00ec ramen v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a c\u00e0 ri\u2014c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c Anh\u2014mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng giao th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n cho c\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. H\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c; t\u00e0u Shinkansen t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n 300 km\/gi\u1edd; \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft khu v\u1ef1c b\u0103ng qua n\u00fai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Du l\u1ecbch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1eabn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1ea1i 280 s\u00e2n bay, v\u1edbi Haneda l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c1. C\u00e1c si\u00eau c\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i V\u1ecbnh Tokyo v\u00e0 Osaka x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u container, duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t v\u0169 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phong t\u1ee5c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. S\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y: c\u00fai ch\u00e0o l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o; trao \u0111\u1ed5i danh thi\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai tay; c\u1edfi gi\u00e0y \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda. Nghi th\u1ee9c \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng\u2014t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa y\u00ean t\u0129nh, th\u00f9ng r\u00e1c ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf\u2014cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc. Du kh\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u0169a th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng trong c\u01a1m, t\u1eafm tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o b\u1ed3n t\u1eafm c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi vi\u1ebft tay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nghi l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n th\u00edch nghi. V\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp anime, manga v\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u1edf nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf \u1edf Tokyo v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn gi\u1eef cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c robot v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a th\u00e1p k\u00ednh; l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0ng qu\u00ea l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e8n l\u1ed3ng khi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u neon s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c tr\u00ean cao. Trong c\u00e1c khu v\u01b0\u1eddn, r\u00eau ph\u1ee7 k\u00edn nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o; trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u00e8n l\u1ed3ng gi\u1ea5y \u0111ung \u0111\u01b0a b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1, v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 124 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024, x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Qu\u1ed1c gia qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, bao ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 377.975 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng (145.937 d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng) \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Bi\u1ec3n Okhotsk \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Bi\u1ec3n Hoa \u0110\u00f4ng \u1edf ph\u00eda nam, \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5237,"parent":24063,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14797","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14797"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14797\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24063"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}