B\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1eb9p \u1edf r\u00eca t\u00e2y b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tr\u00ean ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u00ecn km vu\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa Bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Ardennes, v\u1ea1ch ra bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi H\u00e0 Lan, \u0110\u1ee9c, Luxembourg v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Maryland ho\u1eb7c x\u1ee9 Wales, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed T\u00e2y \u00c2u\u2014c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5; c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady v\u00e0 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf; c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3: m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean chia th\u00e0nh ba v\u00f9ng. \u1ede ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ven bi\u1ec3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t v\u00e0 polder \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai hoang g\u1eb7p th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda trung t\u00e2m, m\u1ed9t cao nguy\u00ean thoai tho\u1ea3i - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft ngang b\u1edfi c\u00e1c k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4ng ngo\u1eb1n ngo\u00e8o - mang theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n ch\u1ee3. \u1ede ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam, Ardennes, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i c\u00f3 r\u1eebng, h\u1ebbm n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, Signal de Botrange v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua High Fens \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 694 m\u00e9t - \u0111i\u1ec3m cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu theo v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 cao. V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u00f4n h\u00f2a v\u00e0 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 m\u00e1t m\u1ebb, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a tr\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u trong n\u0103m. Ardennes, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1eebng s\u1ed3i v\u00e0 g\u1ed7 s\u1ed3i. Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp B\u1ec9, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng quanh 3 \u00b0C, trong khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n 18 \u00b0C. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 54 mm m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n 80 mm khi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n b\u00e3o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111i qua.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Belgae, m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c m\u00e0 Julius Caesar \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm b\u1ecb Rome th\u00f4n t\u00ednh; d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi c\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf t\u1eeb Augustus \u0111\u1ebfn Hadrian, Belgica \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u00ednh m\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c cho \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Rome, l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Carolingian, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 Th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5, n\u00f3 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Burgundy, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u2014Bruges, Ghent, Ypres\u2014ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1edd v\u1ea3i v\u00f3c, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u, nh\u00e0 Habsburg \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n: \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00c1o, n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1794. Sau th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Napoleon, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Vienna n\u0103m 1815 \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda nam v\u00e0o V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c H\u00e0 Lan m\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u00eda nam v\u00e0 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc t\u1ecf ra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu; v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1830, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng B\u1ec9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1eaft v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ti\u1ebfp theo. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1880, Vua Leopold II th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ef1 do Congo nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; s\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1908. B\u1ec9 c\u0169ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Ruanda-Urundi. V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ch\u00e2u Phi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9 v\u1edbi ch\u00e2u Phi n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n
Hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 "chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u". N\u0103m 1914, qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 qua B\u1ec9 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Paris, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1940, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n binh l\u00ednh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n B\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong. Ng\u00e0y nay, v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ngh\u0129a trang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 xung quanh Ypres v\u00e0 Li\u00e8ge, l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho di s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
N\u01b0\u1edbc B\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean bang ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng. L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 chia th\u00e0nh ba V\u00f9ng\u2014Flanders \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, Wallonia \u1edf ph\u00eda nam v\u00e0 V\u00f9ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Brussels \u1edf trung t\u00e2m. M\u1ed7i v\u00f9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, trao quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf, giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ba C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u2014Flemish, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c\u2014qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9. Kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 11,8 tri\u1ec7u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9 n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0 Lan - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Flemish - ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf Flanders. B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, t\u1eadp trung \u1edf Wallonia v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u1edf Brussels. M\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ecf n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng Wallonia. C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u - Flanders \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, trong khi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a Wallonia suy y\u1ebfu - v\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u00e0y nay, lu\u1eadt ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa s\u00e1u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
Brussels \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 k\u00e9p. L\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i li\u00ean bang v\u00e0 cung \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e0ng gia; l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u\u2014\u1ee6y ban, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gh\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i\u2014v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a NATO. Khu ph\u1ed1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ecdp c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch trung t\u00e2m th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 t\u1ea1i Grand-Place m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i xe \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00f2a th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh theo phong c\u00e1ch Gothic bao quanh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong danh s\u00e1ch Di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a UNESCO.<\/p>\n
M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9\u2014tr\u00ean 380 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kil\u00f4m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng\u2014t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1ecdi quy m\u00f4. Brussels d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1,25 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00edn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; Antwerp \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai v\u1edbi n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Ghent \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba v\u1edbi 270.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Bruges v\u00e0 Charleroi l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 120.000 v\u00e0 200.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi; Li\u00e8ge v\u00e0 Namur ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 200.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ri\u00eang. \u1ede Antwerp, c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u00e0ng kim v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ghent k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u00f4ng coi nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp quanh c\u00e1c s\u00e2n hi\u00ean v\u00e0o l\u00fac ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng. Bruges v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 y\u00ean t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u00e2n trong kh\u00e9p k\u00edn d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n, ngay c\u1ea3 khi xe ng\u1ef1a ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00ean t\u0129nh v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa tr\u01b0a.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Leuven v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean tr\u00ean Statiestraat, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng phu n\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea bia, n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e2ng ly ch\u00fac m\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i bia \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u1ede Wallonia, Charleroi mang d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a khai th\u00e1c than v\u00e0 th\u00e9p\u2014c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng th\u00f4 s\u01a1 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o\u2014trong khi Li\u00e8ge, d\u1ecdc theo s\u00f4ng Meuse, mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ven s\u00f4ng th\u01b0 th\u00e1i h\u01a1n. Mons, th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Hainaut, v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1i tim th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, trong khi th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 Namur ch\u1ec9 huy n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a hai con s\u00f4ng Sambre v\u00e0 Meuse.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Mechelen g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u; Dinant n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean Meuse, th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n saxophone t\u00f4n vinh Adolphe Sax; Su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng Spa\u2014t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sa ho\u00e0ng Peter \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf coi tr\u1ecdng\u2014v\u1eabn thu h\u00fat nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe; Ypres v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n
N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf B\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9\u2014Antwerp, Zeebrugge v\u00e0 Ghent\u2014k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trung t\u00e2m ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m; xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng tinh ch\u1ebf. Li\u00ean minh kinh t\u1ebf B\u1ec9-Luxembourg, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1922, r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c hai qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c thu\u1ebf quan v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, trong khi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean EU c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng chung.<\/p>\n
Hai n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9. Flanders, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c d\u1ec7t may, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i cao nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Wallonia, v\u1ed1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o than v\u00e0 th\u00e9p, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n khi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y suy tho\u00e1i sau n\u0103m 1945; m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: S\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd B\u1eafc-Nam v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n li\u00ean bang.<\/p>\n
C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh. M\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn. Ga Brussels-South cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn Paris, Amsterdam v\u00e0 Cologne; c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 Lille v\u00e0 Frankfurt. C\u00e1c s\u00e2n bay t\u1ea1i Brussels, Charleroi v\u00e0 Antwerp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ea1p xe c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 Ghent v\u00e0 Leuven, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1c con ph\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2024, s\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 11.763.650 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. T\u1ec9nh Antwerp d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9; t\u1ec9nh Luxembourg c\u00f3 \u00edt d\u00e2n c\u01b0 nh\u1ea5t. Flanders l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng 6,8 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi; Wallonia, 3,7 tri\u1ec7u; Brussels, 1,25 tri\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 58 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u1edf Flanders, 31 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u1edf Wallonia v\u00e0 11 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u1edf Brussels.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc. Trong khi ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0 Lan v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p B\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i khu v\u1ef1c. Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i: C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef Flemish xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng; ti\u1ebfng Walloon, t\u1eebng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i. \u1ede Brussels, s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0 Lan v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 t\u1eeb Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p B\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ba t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c: Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o, H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Do Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1o. C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf Flanders, nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 quanh qu\u1ea9n \u1edf m\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u1ec5 gi\u1ea3m, c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn \u1edf Tournai ho\u1eb7c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn Onze-Lieve-Vrouw-van-Banneux v\u1eabn thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3. H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Do Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Do Th\u00e1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f4i khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. Lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p B\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do th\u1edd c\u00fang; m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, 112, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t, c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb l\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1ec9. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Rogier van der Weyden v\u00e0 Jan van Eyck \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Ren\u00e9 Magritte, c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u0129 B\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Ng\u00e0y nay, B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Ho\u00e0ng gia \u1edf Brussels v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1edf Antwerp l\u01b0u gi\u1eef c\u00e1c b\u00e1u v\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia; B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Magritte \u1edf Brussels kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 di s\u1ea3n si\u00eau th\u1ef1c. Ngo\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng c\u00f2n ghi l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c than \u1edf Bois-du-Luc, d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i \u1edf Verviers v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng In Flanders Fields \u1edf Ypres.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean bang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y; Wallonia v\u00e0 Flanders qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. S\u00e1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc song ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i; gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ranh gi\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. C\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i\u2014Gent Jazz, Tomorrowland, Les Ardentes\u2014thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, trong khi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh t\u00f4n vinh t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m phong ph\u00fa, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 bia, s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng. H\u01a1n 1.100 lo\u1ea1i bia ch\u1ea3y ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1ee7a tu vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia nh\u1ecf. Bia Trappist \u2014 m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ly c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a tu vi\u1ec7n \u2014 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tu vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 bia c\u1ee7a Tu vi\u1ec7n Westvleteren th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Anheuser-Busch InBev, c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i Leuven, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bia l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la\u2014Neuhaus, Godiva, C\u00f4te d'Or, Leonidas\u2014n\u1eb1m d\u1ecdc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean praline \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0u kim lo\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn thanh, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ca cao nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t v\u1edbi mu\u1ed1i bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c hoa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n m\u1eb7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3. Steak-frites v\u00e0 moules-frites l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia: trai m\u1ec1m h\u1ea5p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi khoai t\u00e2y gi\u00f2n. Carbonnade c\u1ee7a Flemish, m\u00f3n h\u1ea7m g\u1ed3m th\u1ecbt b\u00f2, bia v\u00e0 m\u00f9 t\u1ea1t, l\u00e0m \u1ea5m nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng; waterzooi, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u00fap kem c\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c g\u00e0, gi\u00fap xoa d\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Endive gratin c\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u0111i b\u1edfi s\u1ed1t b\u00e9chamel, trong khi l\u01b0\u01a1n s\u00f4ng b\u01a1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c xanh. B\u00e1nh quy Speculoos\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9m qu\u1ebf v\u00e0 g\u1eebng\u2014xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i m\u00f9a thu, v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh qu\u1ebf chia r\u1ebd l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh: b\u00e1nh nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt theo phong c\u00e1ch Brussels, b\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 caramel theo phong c\u00e1ch Li\u00e8ge.<\/p>\n
B\u1ec9 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn an to\u00e0n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. T\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u00f3c t\u00fai v\u00e0 gi\u1eadt t\u00fai x\u00e1ch v\u1eabn x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m du l\u1ecbch. Th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u2014\u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c trong \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng, tr\u00e1nh xa nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 thi\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng\u2014l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft du kh\u00e1ch. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u00edt x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 thi\u00ean v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y. Du kh\u00e1ch LGBTQ s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n \u1edf Brussels, Antwerp v\u00e0 Ghent, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng khoan dung bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Lu\u1eadt ma t\u00fay cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef c\u1ea7n sa v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf; t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng say x\u1ec9n n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2010 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1eabn x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 B\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp\u2014\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i c\u00f3 r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef; ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u \u1edf Grand-Place s\u1ebd tho\u00e1ng th\u1ea5y v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ai b\u0103ng qua Ardennes b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111\u1ea1p, so s\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Flemish v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n bia Walloon v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n theo nh\u1eefng ngh\u0129a trang th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Ypres m\u1edbi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p n\u00e0y, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nhau. M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, m\u1ed7i ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi: t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00f2a \u00e1n Carolingian \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ng\u00e0y nay; t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00edch h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Leuven \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Atomium. Khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p\u2014ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd\u2014B\u1ec9 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi s\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng hay trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. D\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fa \u00fd k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft s\u1eb9o v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 30.689 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng (11.849 d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng), B\u1ec9, \u1edf T\u00e2y B\u1eafc \u00c2u, c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n 11,7 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 383 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean kil\u00f4m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng (990 tr\u00ean d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng), B\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 22 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i ng\u00e3 ba c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4167,"parent":24078,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14562","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14562","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14562"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14562\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24078"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14562"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}