Mostar n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ebbm n\u00fai h\u1eb9p, n\u01a1i d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0u ng\u1ecdc l\u1ee5c b\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a S\u00f4ng Neretva t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1. L\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng Herzegovina-Neretva thu\u1ed9c Li\u00ean bang Bosnia v\u00e0 Herzegovina, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng mang di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u0169 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Herzegovina. Ng\u00e0y nay, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a di s\u1ea3n, xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Ottoman v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15 tr\u1edf \u0111i, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Mostar \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi C\u1ea7u C\u0169, hay Stari Most. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1566, nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2m c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 28,7 m v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n 21 m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a h\u00e8. M\u00e1i v\u00f2m h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebdo g\u1ecdt v\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 n\u1ee9t b\u00ean trong, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin mang t\u00ednh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ghi nh\u1eadn Hajrudin, h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Sinan, v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3; tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ottoman Balkans. C\u00e1c th\u00e1p b\u00ean h\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u\u2014Halebija v\u00e0 Tara\u2014tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean kia c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Mostar ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1. Th\u00e1p Hercegova, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0n t\u00edch \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u1edd ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. B\u00ean kia s\u00f4ng, tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ottoman \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sanjak m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc kinh Koran, ch\u1ee3 v\u00e0 b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c duy nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Cejvan Cehaj, c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1552, l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, Kriva \u0106uprija\u2014\u201cC\u1ea7u d\u1ed1c\u201d nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1558\u2014l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh C\u1ea7u C\u0169, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Trong h\u01a1n ba th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, c\u1ea3nh quan th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Ottoman mu\u1ed9n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng tr\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng nh\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1edf ra hi\u00ean nh\u00e0. Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Muslibegovi\u0107, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng ba th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t, m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1n t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e2n ri\u00eang cho nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i \u1edf l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m \u0111\u00f4i. B\u1ea3y trong s\u1ed1 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16 v\u00e0 17 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfn tranh trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20; Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Kara\u0111oz Bey (1557) v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Koski Mehmed Pa\u0161a (1617), nh\u00e0 th\u1edd sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i sau \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho du kh\u00e1ch leo l\u00ean th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eafm to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ed5.<\/p>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00c1o-Hung, mang c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ly khai \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Mostar. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o Holy Trinity, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1873 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 t\u1eeb Sultan Abdul Aziz, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Phanxic\u00f4 theo phong c\u00e1ch \u00dd kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t sau thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II. C\u00e1c qu\u00e1n tr\u1ecd, c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia, x\u01b0\u1edfng thu\u1ed9c da v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng t\u1eebng th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng; nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u1eabn tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1ef1u - bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Herzegovina - trong khi ch\u1ee3 Kujund\u017eiluk v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 "ph\u1ed1 th\u1ee3 kim ho\u00e0n".<\/p>\n
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005, khi UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Khu v\u1ef1c C\u1ea7u C\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 C\u1ed5 Mostar l\u00e0 Di s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, n\u00eau b\u1eadt \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 "v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Balkan v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16". Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 7,6 ha, v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi 47,6 ha.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1. Trong cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t 1992\u20131995 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tan v\u1ee1 Nam T\u01b0, Mostar l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb n\u00e9m bom n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Bosnia v\u00e0 Herzegovina. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1o binh \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1993, Stari Most \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 Croatia. B\u1ea3y nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y do giao tranh v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c, khi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2004\u2014g\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau khi c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5\u2014C\u1ea7u C\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2006, ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Mostar \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1992, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Croatia chi\u1ebfm \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn ph\u00eda t\u00e2y (chi\u1ebfm 48,4 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1), ng\u01b0\u1eddi Bosniak chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng (44,1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serbia ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n 4 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. Danh s\u00e1ch c\u1eed tri t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008 cho th\u1ea5y ba qu\u1eadn ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Croatia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd kho\u1ea3ng 53.917 c\u1eed tri, trong khi ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng, \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Bosniak, c\u00f3 34.712 c\u1eed tri. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c di s\u1ea3n chung thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
Mostar hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng. Aluminij Industries, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh luy\u1ec7n kim Nam T\u01b0, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng 40 tri\u1ec7u euro h\u00e0ng n\u0103m cho kho b\u1ea1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Trong s\u1ed1 ba ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Bosnia v\u00e0 Herzegovina, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i Mostar. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia (Elektroprivreda HZHB), m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty b\u01b0u ch\u00ednh (Hrvatska po\u0161ta Mostar) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng l\u1edbn (HT Eronet). C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed7i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1eebng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Herzegovina. C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n \u0106iro\u2014tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho xe \u0111\u1ea1p d\u00e0i 157 km ch\u1ea1y theo tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft kh\u1ed5 h\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Dubrovnik\u2014ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a trong n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch. Ba \u0111\u1eadp th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, Mostar n\u1eb1m \u1edf n\u01a1i giao thoa gi\u1eefa h\u01a1i \u1ea5m \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n. Theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i K\u00f6ppen, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Cfa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh: m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh th\u00e1ng 1 g\u1ea7n 5 \u00b0C, th\u00e1ng 7 kho\u1ea3ng 26 \u00b0C v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt l\u00ean tr\u00ean 40 \u00b0C; m\u1ee9c cao k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c l\u00e0 46,2 \u00b0C, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1901 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e1nh k\u1ecbp. N\u1eafng \u1ea5m t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 6 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9, gi\u00fap Mostar tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eafng nh\u1ea5t Bosnia v\u00e0 Herzegovina v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 2.291 gi\u1edd trong n\u0103m. Tuy\u1ebft r\u01a1i r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm khi k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c di t\u00edch c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, Mostar c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho du kh\u00e1ch ch\u00fa \u00fd. Ngh\u0129a trang t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Partisan Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edfi Bogdan Bogdanovi\u0107, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e2y xanh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac trang nghi\u00eam. Di t\u00edch Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Cim, hamam Ottoman, ngh\u0129a trang t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Do Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 th\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Ottoman ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c cho s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Metropolitan (1908) v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Holy Trinity cho th\u1ea5y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00c1o-Hung. C\u1ea7u Crooked, nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u m\u1ea3nh kh\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng vang nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Stari Most, n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n v\u00e0o Herzegovina m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i Me\u0111ugorje, tu vi\u1ec7n dervish Tekija \u1edf Blagaj b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 Po\u010ditelj v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi Ottoman. Th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i Kravica, bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 La M\u00e3 rustica c\u1ee7a Mogorjelo, c\u00e1c tumuli th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed t\u1ea1i Stolac v\u00e0 hang \u0111\u1ed9ng Vjetrenica trong karst g\u1ea7n Popovo Polje cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p nhanh v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn l\u00e1i xe ng\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean Hutovo Blato ho\u1eb7c b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Adriatic qua Neum.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Mostar ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 giao thoa gi\u1eefa truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c b\u1ebfn xe bu\u00fdt \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi Sarajevo, Zagreb v\u00e0 Dubrovnik, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m khu v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Bosnia v\u00e0 Herzegovina. T\u00e0u h\u1ecfa li\u00ean k\u1ebft hai l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y v\u1edbi th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c A1 t\u1eeb Croatia d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda kh\u1ea9u bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Bija\u010da, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i ti\u1ebfp qua tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thung l\u0169ng Neretva tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Sarajevo. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay t\u1ea1i S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Mostar\u2014c\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 ga 7,5 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn Zagreb, Belgrade, Istanbul v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn theo m\u00f9a c\u1ee7a \u00dd. Xe bu\u00fdt \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u00e2n bay cho c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay \u0111\u1ebfn Croatia, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 du kh\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o taxi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean trong Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5, nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i d\u1eabn l\u00ean c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng b\u00faa v\u00e0o \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u1ebd nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh thu nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 Stari Most v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft l\u00e1 l\u1ef1u v\u00e0o g\u1ed7. Ch\u1ee3 c\u1ed5, Kujund\u017eiluk, v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 kim ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u1ecda s\u0129. Trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a h\u00e8, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n t\u1eeb C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 l\u1eb7n Mostar lao m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng xo\u00e1y b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng xu do ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem n\u00e9m v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n
Mostar kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i v\u00f2m duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n trang tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng phu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 che gi\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y c\u1ee7a k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed7i vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. Tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eadp n\u1eafng, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a Neretva v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: v\u1eeba l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u1eeba l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u00f4 v\u00e0n khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mostar, v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 113.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng Herzegovina-Neretva trong Li\u00ean bang Bosnia v\u00e0 Herzegovina. Mostar, n\u1eb1m d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd S\u00f4ng Neretva, l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 n\u0103m \u1edf Bosnia v\u00e0 Herzegovina v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Herzegovina. B\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u201cmostari\u201d hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef c\u1ea7u, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi Stari Most (C\u1ea7u C\u0169) n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Mostar m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3616,"parent":14500,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14519","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14519"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14519\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14500"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3616"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}