Dubrovnik n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u1ef1c nam c\u1ee7a b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Dalmatian c\u1ee7a Croatia, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh nh\u00ecn ra v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Adriatic r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. T\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m trung chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0, trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 Di s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a UNESCO v\u1eeba l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. N\u0103m 2021, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Dubrovnik c\u00f3 41.562 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2023, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp g\u1ea7n 27,4 du kh\u00e1ch cho m\u1ed7i c\u01b0 d\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng du l\u1ecbch qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y, khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n t\u1eeb khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 La M\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y Epidaurum th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ragusa. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Byzantine v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Venice, Ragusa \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ragusa trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIV \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Venice v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf trong ngo\u1ea1i giao; \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV v\u00e0 XVI, h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Ragusa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i kh\u1eafp v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i, len v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u \u00f4 liu. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Croatia: c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 Ivan Vidali\u0107 ca ng\u1ee3i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 "v\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Croatia", v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1667, n\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n khi m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 san ph\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00f5i th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o Baroque \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 d\u1ecdc theo Placa\u2014c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Stradun\u2014l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00f4ng-t\u00e2y n\u1eb1m \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5. L\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i nh\u1eb5n, b\u1ecb m\u00f2n b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111i b\u1ed9, d\u1eabn t\u1eeb C\u1ed5ng Pile \u1edf c\u1ed5ng ph\u00eda t\u00e2y qua c\u00e1c cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Gothic v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh trong trang ph\u1ee5c Baroque. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea7y h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia, qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea do gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i v\u00f2m th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o "gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i" t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n
Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Napoleon chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Dubrovnik v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1806, x\u00f3a b\u1ecf C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ragusa v\u00e0 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c \u00dd v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c T\u1ec9nh Illyrian. Sau \u0111\u00f3, trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m trong V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Dalmatia c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf \u00c1o v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 gia nh\u1eadp V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Nam T\u01b0 khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1918. N\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Zeta Banovina v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1929 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Banovina c\u1ee7a Croatia. Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 II ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bDubrovnik b\u1ecb s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp Croatia li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi phe Tr\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Croatia trong Nam T\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Tito.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1991, khi Croatia kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Dubrovnik \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng cu\u1ed9c bao v\u00e2y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i b\u1ea3y th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam T\u01b0. Ph\u00e1o k\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Trong su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 m\u1edbi, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9\u2014theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a UNESCO\u2014\u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed3i sinh Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Dubrovnik, bi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
Du kh\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y nay s\u1ebd b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n d\u1eef d\u1ed9i: c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 c\u00f3 chu vi g\u1ea7n hai kil\u00f4m\u00e9t, c\u00e1c th\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u00e1p ph\u00e1o d\u00e0y b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u m\u00e9t \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ecfng manh \u1edf ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng ra bi\u1ec3n, bao b\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Minceta, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u01b0 th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng Juraj Dalmatinac; Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Bokar h\u01b0\u1edbng ra bi\u1ec3n, do Michelozzo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf; v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i St John h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c, hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec3 c\u00e1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb C\u1ed5ng Pile, leo l\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o l\u00fac b\u00ecnh minh ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0ng h\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0 ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i ng\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecf l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi Adriatic.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean trong c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng n\u00f3i l\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. \u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc Big Onofrio, n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u01b0\u1eddn C\u1ed5ng Pile, t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Onofrio della Cava n\u0103m 1438; m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u mascaron ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn phun n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lu\u017ea b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Sponza theo phong c\u00e1ch Gothic-Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng, m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1667 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Rector tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u thang v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh lang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng phu, minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ragusa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh di s\u1ea3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tu vi\u1ec7n Franciscan tr\u00ean Placa b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t tu vi\u1ec7n theo phong c\u00e1ch La M\u00e3, hi\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1317) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi 30.000 \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ch. \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Baroque St Blaise t\u00f4n vinh v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Dubrovnik v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 2 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, \u0111\u00e1m r\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho L\u1ec5 \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1667, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e1nh t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Blaise v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kho b\u00e1u g\u1ed3m 138 h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u00e1nh t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd D\u00f2ng T\u00ean St Ignatius, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u thang r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo B\u1eadc thang T\u00e2y Ban Nha c\u1ee7a Rome; Tu vi\u1ec7n Dominican gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt; v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Do Th\u00e1i th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c linh thi\u00eang. V\u01b0\u1eddn b\u00e1ch th\u1ea3o Trsteno, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1492, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1eddn b\u00e1ch th\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ea3o Lokrum, m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch C\u1ea3ng C\u0169 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai ph\u00fat \u0111i ph\u00e0, mang theo t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tu vi\u1ec7n Benedictine th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba, m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u1eddn b\u00e1ch th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 che ch\u1edf cho Richard the Lionheart sau v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafm t\u00e0u \u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bn\u0103m 1192 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm n\u01a1i t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y: v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1544, m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u ch\u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha Conversos \u0111\u00e3 neo \u0111\u1eadu t\u1ea1i b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a Dubrovnik, l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u cho t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. N\u0103m 1929, George Bernard Shaw m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 Dubrovnik l\u00e0 "thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t", m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0ng gia, ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n
L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. M\u1ed7i m\u00f9a h\u00e8 trong b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ng\u00e0y, L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i m\u00f9a h\u00e8 Dubrovnik t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c v\u1edf k\u1ecbch, bu\u1ed5i h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cung \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u00fap v\u00e0ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, Dubrovnik n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng K\u00f6ppen Csa: m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 8 kho\u1ea3ng 28 \u00b0C (82 \u00b0F) v\u00e0 ban \u0111\u00eam g\u1ea7n 23 \u00b0C (73 \u00b0F), trong khi m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u00f4n h\u00f2a, hi\u1ebfm khi xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 13 \u00b0C (55 \u00b0F). Gi\u00f3 bora \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mang theo nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4 v\u00e0 gi\u00f4ng b\u00e3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a h\u00e8. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961, nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c 38,4 \u00b0C (101,1 \u00b0F) v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2012 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng \u22127,0 \u00b0C (19,4 \u00b0F) v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1968.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Dalmatian tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n. Ngay b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i C\u1ed5ng Plo\u010de, khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n Banje cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i s\u1ecfi, gh\u1ebf d\u00e0i v\u00e0 s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i b\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Xa h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, B\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Lapad c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i d\u1ea1o r\u1ee3p b\u00f3ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c nh\u1eefng b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf\u2014di t\u00edch th\u1eddi Tito cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eafm n\u1eafng ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 thang xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ven bi\u1ec3n ng\u1eafn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng m\u1ebb c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft trong ng\u00e0y \u0111ang ch\u1edd b\u00ean b\u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u00f4ng khai, Dubrovnik v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng du l\u1ecbch qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2018, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023, c\u1ea5m h\u00e0nh l\u00fd c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh xe \u1edf Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1. C\u00e1c qu\u00e1n bar ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1edf Stradun \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh y\u00ean c\u1ee7a khu ph\u1ed1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a du kh\u00e1ch, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng trong t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0o c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111a di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Dubrovnik. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng L\u1ecbch s\u1eed T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt nh\u1ed3i b\u00f4ng tr\u0103m tu\u1ed5i; B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc, n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t kho th\u00f3c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI, s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m trang ph\u1ee5c d\u00e2n gian v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt; v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Tu vi\u1ec7n Sigurata b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c di t\u00edch t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Nh\u00e0 Bukovac \u1edf Cavtat \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecda s\u0129 theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Vlaho Bukovac, trong khi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m \u1ea3nh t\u1ea1i War Photo Limited \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Sponza l\u01b0u gi\u1eef c\u00e1c kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc; B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Rector tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3; v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i b\u00ean trong Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i St John ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed7i du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng con ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i nh\u1eb5n b\u1edfi b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. \u0110\u00e1 v\u00f4i nh\u1eb5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. V\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, \u0111\u00e8n l\u1ed3ng\u2014nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19\u2014chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng con h\u1ebbm nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf du kh\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng. M\u00f3c t\u00fai r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng nghe \u0111\u1ebfn; c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c chung l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ven bi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. H\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2014c\u00e1 thu, m\u1ef1c, t\u00f4m Adriatic\u2014chia s\u1ebb b\u00e0n \u0103n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb th\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 pa\u0161ticada, m\u00f3n h\u1ea7m th\u1ecbt b\u00f2 n\u1ea5u ch\u1eadm, v\u00e0 zelena menestra, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 rau om v\u1edbi th\u1ecbt l\u1ee3n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f3n tr\u00e1ng mi\u1ec7ng, rozata h\u01b0\u01a1ng caramel c\u00f3 v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt nh\u1eb9. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1eadp trung trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5, ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea nh\u00e0 cao d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 t\u0103ng cao; trong th\u1eddi gian b\u00ecnh l\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3, nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf cao c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1n \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m. Th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Dubrovnik, n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch \u010cilipi 20 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi c\u00e1c xe bu\u00fdt \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Gru\u017e, b\u1ebfn xe bu\u00fdt ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi xe bu\u00fdt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 t\u1eeb s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1975, c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00ecnh dung vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c A1\u2014hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1ea1i Plo\u010de\u2014qua C\u1ea7u Pelje\u0161ac m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c qua h\u00e0nh lang Neum c\u1ee7a Bosnia \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 \u201cN\u1eef ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3n Adriatic\u201d, Dubrovnik \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u00ec s\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n xen k\u1ebd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean t\u00f2a th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Ng\u00e0y nay, gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng du kh\u00e1ch l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, Dubrovnik v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt baroque v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng mong manh gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u1edbi 41.562 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2021, Dubrovnik l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u1eb1m b\u00ean kia Bi\u1ec3n Adriatic. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Croatia n\u00e0y, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 "H\u00f2n ng\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3n Adriatic", l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Qu\u1eadn Dubrovnik-Neretva.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4378,"parent":14435,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14490","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14490"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14490\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14435"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}