Plze\u0148 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n con s\u00f4ng\u2014M\u017ee, \u00dahlava, \u00daslava v\u00e0 Radbuza\u2014s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean Berounka. N\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch Prague kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00e1m km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 188.000 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n n\u00e0y m\u1ecdc l\u00ean tr\u00ean Cao nguy\u00ean Plasy nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4, d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn Cao nguy\u00ean \u0160vihov \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00eda nam. \u0110\u1ed9 cao cao nh\u1ea5t trong ranh gi\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3i Chlum \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 416 m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, trong khi l\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Berounka n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 293 m. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ao c\u00e1 bao quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 H\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a \u010cesk\u00e9 \u00fadol\u00ed tr\u00ean Radbuza \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u kh\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3 khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y trong h\u01a1n b\u1ea3y th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Plze\u0148 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba, khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ho\u00e0ng gia d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb P\u0159emyslid. N\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1ed1i Bohemia v\u1edbi Bavaria, n\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd: v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 ba \u1edf Bohemia. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con dao hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i. Trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Hussite c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m, Plze\u0148 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng ba cu\u1ed9c bao v\u00e2y, n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m rung chuy\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn tranh Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, Plze\u0148 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. N\u0103m 1869, \u0160koda Works \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u00c1o-Hung v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ti\u1ec7p Kh\u1eafc. C\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kh\u1eafp th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, thu h\u00fat lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a Plze\u0148 v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, n\u0103m 1842, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bia ng\u01b0\u1eddi Bavaria Josef Groll \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7 m\u1ea1ch nha nh\u1ea1t, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra lo\u1ea1i bia "Pilsner" \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y nay, Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia Pilsner Urquell v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong khi c\u00f4ng ty ch\u1ecb em Gambrinus, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1869, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. C\u1ea3 hai th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Asahi Group Holdings.<\/p>\n
Ngo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, Plze\u0148 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Bohemia. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng hai ph\u1ea7n ba GDP c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u2014m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1edfi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. N\u0103m 2015, di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Plze\u0148 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn khi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c di s\u1ea3n, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 phi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Baroque, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Gothic v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng.<\/p>\n
N\u1eb1m \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a khu ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St. Bartholomew, gian gi\u1eefa theo phong c\u00e1ch Gothic c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba v\u00e0 t\u00f2a th\u00e1p cao 102 m\u2014l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh nh\u00e0 th\u1edd cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, T\u00f2a th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng (1554\u201359), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd Giovanni de Statia, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t trang tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng phu v\u00e0 loggia c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn Moorish Revival, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1893, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft du kh\u00e1ch ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean: c\u00e1c m\u00e1i v\u00f2m h\u00ecnh m\u00f3ng ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ch\u1ec9 sau Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Do Th\u00e1i Doh\u00e1ny Street \u1edf Budapest.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Plze\u0148 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng hai m\u01b0\u01a1i km, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 750 m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, s\u00e2u m\u01b0\u1eddi hai m\u00e9t, m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho c\u00e1c tour du l\u1ecbch c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea7m r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m n\u00e0y t\u1eebng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia, th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia v\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, cho th\u1ea5y tho\u00e1ng qua c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1. Tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, th\u00e1p n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1i C\u1ed5ng Prague - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1532 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o theo phong c\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00e1p (n\u0103m 1822) - v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u1ed5ng Gothic ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Josef \u0160koda, sinh ra ngay b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1805, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y \u1edf Plze\u0148 v\u1eabn g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh xe c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eadp theo nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee7a giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Plze\u0148 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, xe bu\u00fdt \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 xe bu\u00fdt do PMDP \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. V\u00e9 - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua t\u1eeb m\u00e1y b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean xe th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ebb th\u00f4ng minh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac - cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, Th\u1ebb Plze\u0148 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong khi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Ngo\u00e0i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, n\u0103m tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft ch\u00ednh giao nhau t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y: tuy\u1ebfn 170 \u0111\u1ebfn Prague, Beroun v\u00e0 Cheb; tuy\u1ebfn 180 \u0111\u1ebfn Doma\u017elice v\u00e0 Furth im Wald c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c; tuy\u1ebfn 183 \u0111\u1ebfn Klatovy v\u00e0 \u017delezn\u00e1 Ruda; tuy\u1ebfn 160 \u0111\u1ebfn \u017datec; v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn 190 \u0111\u1ebfn \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i Plze\u0148 hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c D5 n\u1ed1i Prague v\u1edbi Nuremberg, trong khi s\u00e2n bay t\u1ea1i L\u00edn\u011b, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1edf Plze\u0148 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng (Cfb), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u00f4n h\u00f2a v\u00e0 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 525 mm v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c 8,4 \u00b0C. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u221228,0 \u00b0C v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1985 \u0111\u1ebfn 40,1 \u00b0C v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1983, g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 r\u1ee3p b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 bao quanh l\u00f5i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - m\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh \u0111ai xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch coi tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u1edf Plze\u0148 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1993, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o La M\u00e3 Plze\u0148, bao g\u1ed3m 818.700 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ean b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i hai gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 trong m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o h\u1ea1t. Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, Franti\u0161ek Radkovsk\u00fd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m b\u1edfi gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, Tom\u00e1\u0161 Holub; nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ch\u00ednh t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St. Bartholomew. C\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Tin l\u00e0nh c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh: Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Tin l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Anh em S\u00e9c duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 cao c\u1ea5p T\u00e2y Bohemia t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Cha Miroslav Hamari c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n Koranda v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Josef Bene\u0161; hai gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 Anh em kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 Ji\u017en\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed v\u00e0 Chr\u00e1st g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Plze\u0148 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Hussite Ti\u1ec7p Kh\u1eafc, do Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Filip \u0160tojdl l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f2a gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Mirovice. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Tin l\u00e0nh Tin l\u00e0nh S\u00e9c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Tin l\u00e0nh St. Paul ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c\u2014Luther Confession Augsburg, Methodist, Seventh-day Adventist, Brethren, Orthodox, Greek Catholics\u2014g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o b\u1ee9c tranh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Plze\u0148.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng West Bohemian \u1edf Kopeck\u00e9ho sady cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, trong khi Kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 \u00e1o gi\u00e1p t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIV \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a V\u00f9ng Pilsen ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c phong t\u1ee5c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia theo d\u00f5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bia \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n tu vi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vua Charles IV ban t\u1eb7ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1375 - \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Trung t\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc Techmania, n\u1eb1m trong khu ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0160koda c\u0169, m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Patton Pilsen, d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 3 Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1945. C\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Ma, v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c tranh d\u00e2n gian c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng M\u00faa r\u1ed1i, n\u01a1i t\u00f4n vinh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng m\u00faa r\u1ed1i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Plze\u0148. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn, n\u1eb1m trong tu vi\u1ec7n Phanxic\u00f4, tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc t\u1eeb Gothic \u0111\u1ebfn Baroque, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Pilsen v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ea1i Masn\u00e9 kr\u00e1my (Ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt T\u00e2y Bohemian), c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Ji\u0159\u00ed Trnka, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 m\u00faa r\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ecda s\u0129 minh h\u1ecda n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1edf Neb\u0159ehovice, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e1y bay g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Plze\u0148.<\/p>\n
Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m Plze\u0148 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i d\u1ea1o qua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y quang c\u1ea3nh m\u00e1i ng\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p nh\u00e0 th\u1edd; leo l\u00ean c\u1ea7u thang l\u00ean th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St. Bartholomew s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1edfng cho b\u1ea1n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 kh\u00fac quanh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng. Trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u g\u1ea7n Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn Do Th\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecdc theo Quai of the Radbuza, m\u1ed9t ly bia Pilsner Urquell kh\u00f4ng l\u1ecdc s\u1ebd g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn di s\u1ea3n n\u1ea5u bia c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u1ed3i h\u1ed9p hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 MiGFlug & Adventure cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e1i m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 g\u1ea7n Plze\u0148\u2014m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m tuy t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
L\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh th\u1ec3 thao \u1edf Plze\u0148 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o FC Viktoria Plze\u0148, \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00e0y thi \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i Doosan Arena, m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai ngh\u00ecn ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i c\u00e1ch Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng \u0111i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eafn. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 kh\u00fac c\u00f4n c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean b\u0103ng theo d\u00f5i HC \u0160koda Plze\u0148 t\u1ea1i Logspeed CZ Arena, n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean b\u0103ng vang v\u1ecdng m\u1ed7i m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
L\u1ecbch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Plze\u0148. V\u00e0o m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng 5, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e0y k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1945, L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1c con ph\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 mang \u0111\u1ebfn L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i M\u00faa r\u1ed1i Rock\u2014m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 m\u00faa r\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Plzen Plaza v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ng 7\u2014v\u00e0, v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8, L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i In The Streets, n\u01a1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, khi\u00eau v\u0169 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. \u0110i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a thu l\u00e0 L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Pilsner v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng 9, khi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ti\u1ec7c cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea bia \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1842.<\/p>\n
\u1ede Plze\u0148, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111an xen. \u0110\u00e1 Gothic, m\u00e1i v\u00f2m th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 trang tr\u00ed Moorish t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 xe tay ga. C\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p nhau, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch hay l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean; n\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u01b0 Berounka h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Plze\u0148, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c, c\u00e1ch Prague kho\u1ea3ng 78 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y. Plze\u0148 c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 186.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 323.184 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, khi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 t\u1ea1i C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c. Trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y, n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Bohemia, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m giao d\u1ecbch th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2986,"parent":14322,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14355","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14355"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14355\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14322"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2986"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}