Tartu th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam trang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u00e9t quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb g\u1ea7n g\u0169i, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u y\u00ean b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ven s\u00f4ng. V\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Estonia, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c\u201d c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, Nga v\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u1ea1ch ra l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, Tartu mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm kh\u00f4ng v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i v\u1eeba ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng v\u1eeba g\u1ea7n g\u0169i, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi con ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u mang trong m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
N\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch Tallinn 186 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch Riga 245 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc, Tartu tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i d\u1ecdc theo S\u00f4ng Emaj\u00f5gi ch\u1ea3y nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, d\u00e0i m\u01b0\u1eddi km n\u1ed1i H\u1ed3 V\u00f5rtsj\u00e4rv v\u1edbi H\u1ed3 Peipus. C\u00e1c b\u1edd k\u00e8 v\u00e0 b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 duy tr\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan s\u00e1t tr\u00ean cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e2y xanh \u0111an xen, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u00f3p nh\u1ecdn. D\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i ra ngo\u00e0i t\u1eeb b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eadp tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 r\u00e2m m\u00e1t theo c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee3 c\u0169, r\u00eca c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i c\u00f3 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c trang vi\u00ean c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a Tartu mang m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u00f4n h\u00f2a kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng h\u1ea3i l\u01b0u Bi\u1ec3n Baltic v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u00f9a h\u00e8, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee7 cho nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng; m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ebfm khi xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u221230 \u00b0C, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi trong xanh, nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t. C\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1edf g\u1ea7n T\u00f5ravere, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng hai m\u01b0\u01a1i km, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Tartu l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1632 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Vua Gustavus Adolphus c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp B\u1eafc \u00c2u. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f4n vinh Toomem\u00e4gi\u2014\u0111\u1ed3i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd\u2014n\u01a1i n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n theo phong c\u00e1ch baroque h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n. Theo th\u1eddi gian, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t cho Tartu nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t danh vui t\u01b0\u01a1i: \u201cAthens c\u1ee7a Emaj\u00f5gi\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cHeidelberg c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc\u201d. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eadp h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Tartu v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, trong khi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh vi\u00ean lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n
B\u1ed5 sung cho s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a neo gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Tartu. T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Estonia \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1993, g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 khi Dorpat\u2014t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Tartu cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19\u2014l\u00e0 ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p l\u00fd Baltic. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Qu\u1ed1c gia Estonia ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Finno-Ugric trong m\u1ed9t gian h\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1edf r\u00eca ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t ti\u1ebfng Estonia l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, Vanemuine, d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c v\u1edf ballet, opera v\u00e0 k\u1ecbch tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1eddi Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, giai \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i ca kh\u00fac v\u1eabn vang v\u1ecdng: Tartu, n\u01a1i khai sinh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp h\u1ee3p x\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Estonia, \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c ven \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Tartu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo gi\u1eef b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean nh\u01b0 A. Le Coq, Tartu Mill v\u00e0 Salvest, duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 b\u00e0n \u0103n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Kroonpress, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty in \u1ea5n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Baltic, duy tr\u00ec truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u00e2n trong r\u1ee3p b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y: Playtech Estonia v\u00e0 Nortal b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty con c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, trong khi ZeroTurnaround, Tarkon, Reach-U v\u00e0 Raintree Estonia minh h\u1ecda cho d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Skype c\u0169ng duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n
K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. S\u00e2n bay Tartu, c\u00e1ch trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e1i xe ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m khu v\u1ef1c, trong khi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn xe bu\u00fdt v\u00e0 t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Tartu v\u1edbi Tallinn, Riga v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Estonia. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn P\u00e4rnu\u2014khu ngh\u1ec9 m\u00e1t m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Estonia\u2014\u0111i qua 176 km qua Viljandi v\u00e0 Kilingi-N\u00f5mme. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c xa l\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Tartu nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a Tartu. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1881, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn sau n\u0103m 2011 khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. \u0110i\u1ec1u v\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 97.759 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c, doanh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129.<\/p>\n
K\u00fd \u1ee9c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3nh quan th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Tartu th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp mang d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tinh hoa \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Lutheran St John v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIV, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t nung. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f2a th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh g\u1ee3i l\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Hanseatic v\u1ec1 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, trong khi c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn b\u00e1ch th\u1ea3o - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc - mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng xanh y\u00ean t\u0129nh gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb. T\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1edd th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIII n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ed3i Dome, c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7 ng\u1eafm to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. D\u1ecdc theo Ph\u1ed1 \u00dclikooli - \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh - m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00f4 theo phong c\u00e1ch Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi, m\u1ed7i c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 di\u1ec1m m\u00e1i k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
N\u1eb1m b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng l\u00e0 Supilinn, theo c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u201cSoup Town\u201d, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 g\u1ed7 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n. M\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o do c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, H\u1ed9i Supilinn, hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n c\u1ee7a khu ph\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n c\u0169 k\u1ef9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con h\u1ebbm h\u1eb9p trong khi v\u1eabn mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y bao h\u00e0m tinh th\u1ea7n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Tartu: t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft s\u1eb9o c\u1ee7a xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5, ngay c\u1ea3 khi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111an xen l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 II \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn trung t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i nh\u00e0 chung c\u01b0 cao t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, \u200b\u200bqu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Annelinn. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i\u2014tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u2014v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i d\u1ea1o r\u00e2m m\u00e1t n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 th\u00e1p canh \u1ea9n m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u00e2y leo \u0111an xen.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Tartu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p, b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 k\u00ednh. Th\u00e1p Tigutorn h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m Emaj\u00f5e g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh, hai c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c song sinh c\u1ee7a tham v\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, m\u1ecdc l\u00ean b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Trung t\u00e2m C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o Tartu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed1 \u00dclikooli, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c studio thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 trong ba t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00edn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng d\u00e0nh cho phim th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m che b\u00f3ng cho t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n
Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1eeb l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt vui t\u01b0\u01a1i. Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Barclay t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf Michael Barclay de Tolly, g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, trong khi Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Town Hall c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc Kissing Students, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m. T\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng King, m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ed1ng Gustav II Adolf g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean khi Tartu\u2014hay Dorpat\u2014\u0111i v\u00e0o bi\u00ean ni\u00ean s\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n
Khi ho\u00e0ng h\u00f4n bu\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng, Tartu h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00eam n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb. C\u00e1c qu\u00e1n bar v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p \u0111\u00eam n\u1eb1m r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 g\u00e1c x\u00e9p l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng n\u01a1i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn l\u00e0 Gunpowder Cellar, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea7m ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1767 tr\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 h\u00ecnh v\u00f2m cao v\u00fat tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n g\u1ed7, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u1ebfn l\u1eadp l\u00f2e tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t t\u1eeb tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed thoang tho\u1ea3ng m\u00f9i s\u00e0n g\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 bia \u0111en.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed7i m\u00f9a h\u00e8, di s\u1ea3n Hanseatic c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh trong l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Hansap\u00e4evad. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u00e0y b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u theo phong c\u00e1ch th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 l\u00e0m n\u00e1o nhi\u1ec7t b\u1edd s\u00f4ng. Tartu nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong Li\u00ean minh Hanseatic kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft xa x\u00f4i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n
Khi \u0111i d\u1ea1o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 khu v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ee7a Tartu, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ch\u00f2m sao c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Qu\u1ed1c gia Estonia tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Finno-Ugric, kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm theo d\u1ea5u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean gi\u1eefa Estonia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng. T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3i Toome, B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Tartu chi\u1ebfm cung th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u0169, b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00f2a th\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. Trong Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Gray khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n tr\u00ean Ph\u1ed1 Riia, B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng KGB t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ea9m v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Tartu \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, trong khi B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u00ean trong Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Catherine ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. B\u00ean kia Ph\u1ed1 R\u00fc\u00fctli, B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 Olympic Estonia - m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i \u1edf v\u00f9ng Baltic - thu h\u00fat du kh\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00e0n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh theo m\u00f9a.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00f4ng gian xanh tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c khu v\u01b0\u1eddn b\u00e1ch th\u1ea3o l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n non b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean n\u00fai cao v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y t\u00f9ng c\u1ed5 th\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i c\u1ecf b\u1eadc thang c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3i Toome mang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh qua nh\u1eefng th\u00e1p ph\u00e1o c\u00f3 m\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Raadi v\u1eaby g\u1ecdi v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Barclay ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo nh\u1eefng kh\u00fac quanh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e2y xanh. D\u1ecdc theo \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Ihaste, Tartu Tammik b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a khu r\u1eebng c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7; xa h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng, Ngh\u0129a trang Pauluse n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng cao, nh\u1eefng bia m\u1ed9 phong h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 qua.<\/p>\n
Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o minh h\u1ecda th\u00eam cho di s\u1ea3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Tartu. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St John tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t nung th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5, trong khi t\u00e0n t\u00edch nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ed3i Dome \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 qua. B\u00ean kia ph\u1ed1 Riia, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St Paul tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Ph\u1ea7n Lan b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecf, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Eliel Saarinen. T\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 104 ph\u1ed1 Narva, \u0111\u1ec9nh th\u00e1p theo phong c\u00e1ch T\u00e2n Gothic c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St Peter \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u n\u01a1i khai sinh c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i ca kh\u00fac Estonia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1869. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o La M\u00e3 tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1 Veski, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1899, minh ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng, v\u00e0 hai ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o\u2014Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St Alexander c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Uspensky c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n\u2014c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m. Tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1 Kalevi, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Baptist c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec9nh th\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, Tartu Salem, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n kho t\u00e0ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. S\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Gunpowder Cellar th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u00edch \u1ee9ng. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 T\u00f2a \u00e1n Qu\u1ed1c gia chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh tr\u1ea1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. \u0110\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t C\u0169 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean t\u00e0n t\u00edch l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5, t\u1eebng l\u1eadp bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c cung trong V\u00f2ng cung tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba Struve hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t Di s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu C\u0169, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed y h\u1ecdc, ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u00e0 Barclay\u2014b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ven s\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y\u2014nghi\u00eang m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7t cho m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7t danh g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f2a th\u00e1p n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Pisa. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1edd s\u00f4ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, g\u1ee3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Tartu.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. C\u1ea7u Angel, m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 b\u1eafc qua ph\u1ed1 Lossi, k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u1ea7u Devil, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1913 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ba tr\u0103m n\u0103m tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Romanov, mang d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef "1613\u20131913" b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 granit. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u v\u00f2m d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y u\u1ed1n cong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng tr\u00ean Emaj\u00f5gi, g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t trong xung \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111i d\u1ea1o \u0111\u00eam d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh sao.<\/p>\n
\u1ede Tartu, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eadp h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, s\u1ef1 trang nghi\u00eam c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f2a \u00e1n, t\u00ednh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t, v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu ch\u1ee3 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u1eeba tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 v\u1eeba s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng du kh\u00e1ch m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i; h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb k\u00fd \u1ee9c, s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, n\u01a1i m\u1ed7i vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 s\u00f4ng mang theo nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u00ec th\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e3 qua v\u00e0 l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tartu, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Estonia, v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 97.435 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2023, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c Baltic. Tartu n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch Tallinn, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Estonia, 186 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch Riga, Latvia 245 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf ph\u00eda nam Estonia. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 d\u1ecdc theo S\u00f4ng Emaj\u00f5gi, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n hai h\u1ed3 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Estonia\u2014H\u1ed3 V\u00f5rtsj\u00e4rv v\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Peipus\u2014\u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4547,"parent":14240,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14255","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14255"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14255\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14240"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}