\u017dilina, n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng V\u00e1h, Kysuca v\u00e0 Raj\u010danka \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc Slovakia, chi\u1ebfm t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i kil\u00f4m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00e3y n\u00fai Mal\u00e1 Fatra, S\u00fa\u013eovsk\u00e9 vrchy, Javorn\u00edky v\u00e0 Kysuck\u00e1 vrchovina; \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 342 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch Bratislava kho\u1ea3ng 170 km g\u1ea7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi S\u00e9c v\u00e0 Ba Lan, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y - n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a 80.020 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2024 - v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 V\u00f9ng v\u00e0 Qu\u1eadn \u017dilina, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u1eadp trung h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng V\u00e1h, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho n\u01a1i n\u00e0y danh hi\u1ec7u "vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng V\u00e1h".<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 20.000 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c Slavic v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u017dilina \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bnhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh trong s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 - l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1208 l\u00e0 terra de Selinan - m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft tinh. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh qu\u1eadn ho\u00e0ng gia t\u1ef1 do b\u1edfi Vua Charles I v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1321 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1381 khi Privilegium pro Slavis c\u1ee7a Vua Louis I \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Slav v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c trong h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. \u0110\u00e1m ch\u00e1y n\u0103m 1431 do c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hussite g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9.<\/p>\n
Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a \u017dilina nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt; c\u1ea3m quan Baroque \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 L\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Budat\u00edn ki\u00ean c\u1ed1. Trong c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u0103m 1848, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n Slovakia trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Habsburg \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n honved v\u00e0 gardist c\u1ee7a Hungary \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c. S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft v\u00e0o n\u1eeda sau th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX - minh h\u1ecda b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tuy\u1ebfn Kassa\u2013Oderberg n\u0103m 1872 v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn Bratislava n\u0103m 1883 - \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Slovenia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1891 v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Pova\u017eie n\u0103m 1892 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf \u00c1o-Hung v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1918, \u017dilina n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Martin, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Slovakia m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m sau; hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 sau, trong h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Munich, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cho tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Slovakia trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ti\u1ec7p Kh\u1eafc. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn c\u01b0 d\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i - m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng u \u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng Holocaust \u1edf Slovakia. S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1945, khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ti\u1ec7p Kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Ukraina s\u1ed1 4 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec7p Kh\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 sau chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 \u1edf; sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1960, \u017dilina \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i l\u1eadp V\u00f9ng \u017dilina v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1996.<\/p>\n
Trong hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u017dilina \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a Slovakia v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u017dilinsk\u00e1 univerzita\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1953\u2014c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 tham gia l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u0103m 1990, trung t\u00e2m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2019 b\u1edfi m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi chia s\u1ebb xe \u0111\u1ea1p BikeKIA t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i tr\u1ea1m v\u00e0 120 chu k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u017dilina n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u00f4n \u0111\u1edbi ph\u00eda b\u1eafc theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u1ea5m \u00e1p - khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 \u0111\u1ea1t 18 \u00b0C - sang nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 l\u00e0 \u22124 \u00b0C, tuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee7 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 600 \u0111\u1ebfn 700 mm, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a h\u00e8.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2020, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 82.664 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u00f3 108.114 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m 159.729 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n; cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2001 ghi nh\u1eadn d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 96,9 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Slovakia, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 S\u00e9c, Romani, Hungary v\u00e0 Moravia, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o La M\u00e3 (74,9 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m), kh\u00f4ng theo t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o (16,7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m) v\u00e0 Luther (3,7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m).<\/p>\n
B\u1ee9c tranh kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo gi\u1eef b\u1edfi kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Kia Motors\u2014nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ea1i Slovakia c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2006, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2009 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 300.000 xe v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng 3.000 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1,5 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9\u2014s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c m\u1eabu xe nh\u01b0 Cee'd, Sportage v\u00e0 Hyundai ix35, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Hyundai t\u1ea1i C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c t\u1ea1i No\u0161ovice. C\u00f4ng ty k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i V\u00e1hostav n\u1eafm gi\u1eef v\u1ecb th\u1ebf n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong khi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Pova\u017esk\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 z\u00e1vody v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y Tento; t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u Siemens duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt di \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac, trung t\u00e2m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 - t\u1ecfa ra t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m c\u1ee7a Mari\u00e1nske n\u00e1mestie, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 106 l\u1ed1i \u0111i c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m bao quanh 44 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 quang c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb b\u1edfi Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 theo phong c\u00e1ch Baroque. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Ch\u00faa Ba Ng\u00f4i thi\u00eang li\u00eang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1400 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2008 th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ch\u00ednh t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn \u017dilina. \u1ede ngo\u1ea1i vi, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Stephen Vua - c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n theo phong c\u00e1ch La M\u00e3 s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Slovakia - v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c b\u00edch h\u1ecda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Mojm\u00edr Vlkol\u00e1\u010dek ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1950, khi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, L\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Budat\u00edn l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Pova\u017eie, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed trong khu v\u1ef1c; Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd g\u1ed7 St. George \u1edf Trnov\u00e9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o Carpathian ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc; v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Do Th\u00e1i Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Do Th\u00e1i m\u1edbi\u2014nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u2014l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Do Th\u00e1i t\u1eebng r\u1ea5t s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
V\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u017dilina t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9: ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1364, Vua Louis I \u0111\u00e3 cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i Ko\u0161ice v\u1edbi Pova\u017eie, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1438 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eafc qua V\u00e1h g\u1ea7n Budat\u00edn. Ng\u00e0y nay, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i qua b\u1edfi ba xa l\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia\u2014E 50, E 75 v\u00e0 E 442\u2014c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0nh \u0111ai chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao th\u00f4ng l\u1edbn kh\u1ecfi trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb; \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c D1 ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Bratislava v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Ko\u0161ice v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebfn Lietask\u00e1 L\u00fa\u010dka, trong khi D3, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u010cadca v\u00e0 Ba Lan, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai xa l\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n
K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u017dilina trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n xuy\u00ean l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00ec ng\u00e3 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft giao v\u1edbi H\u00e0nh lang V to\u00e0n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c Bratislava\u2013Ko\u0161ice, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn 120, 126, 127 v\u00e0 180. S\u00e2n bay Doln\u00fd Hri\u010dov g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1975 v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng d\u00e0i 1200 m\u00e9t, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i theo l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi du kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0o \u017dilina, khu v\u1ef1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1edf ra ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 ga: Ph\u1ed1 N\u00e1rodn\u00e1\u2014ph\u1ed1 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u2014d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Andrej Hlinka, n\u01a1i hai ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p \u0111\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Holy Trinity v\u00e0 th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1eebng s\u1eefng tr\u00ean lan can c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, du kh\u00e1ch \u0111i l\u00ean c\u1ea7u thang Farsk\u00e9 schody, \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u1ed1i \u0111i d\u1ea1o c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m c\u1ee7a Mari\u00e1nske n\u00e1mestie. H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tinh t\u00fay, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gan d\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e3 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng JM Hurbana v\u00e0 Kuzm\u00e1nyho, n\u01a1i Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Rosenfeld, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Do Th\u00e1i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh di s\u1ea3n th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Baroque, \u017dilina c\u00f2n t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ti\u1ec7p Kh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Do Th\u00e1i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Peter Behrens ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho s\u1ef1 kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y; Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Lutheran c\u1ee7a MM Harminc minh h\u1ecda cho s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t; v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ga xe l\u1eeda c\u00f9ng h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee3 minh h\u1ecda th\u00eam cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. C\u00f9ng nhau, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111a di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u017dilina\u2014n\u01a1i c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed giao thoa, n\u01a1i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan v\u1eeba nguy\u00ean s\u01a1 v\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u017dilina, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc Slovakia, l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi 85.399 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. N\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ba n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c v\u00e0 Ba Lan, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng Kisu\u0107a v\u00e0 Raj\u010danka, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u v\u1edbi s\u00f4ng V\u00e1h. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi d\u00e3y n\u00fai T\u00e2y Carpathian h\u00f9ng v\u0129 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 quan tr\u1ecdng, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3578,"parent":13300,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13330","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13330","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13330"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13330\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13300"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3578"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}