Bern, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean bang Th\u1ee5y S\u0129\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 li\u00ean bang\u201d\u2014n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi S\u00f4ng Aare \u1edf trung t\u00e2m cao nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee5y S\u0129; t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 146.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m 51,62 km2 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u00e0nh cho khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba cho r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1eadn bi\u00ean.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1191 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc Berthold V c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Z\u00e4hringen cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1218 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m bang c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean bang Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1353, Bern \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a li\u00ean bang. Trong khi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 - sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o s\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd Di s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a UNESCO v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1983 - v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trang nghi\u00eam c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch Gothic v\u00e0 Baroque, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Aare ch\u1ee9ng minh cho s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m, trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Bern \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp\u2014m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadn may ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9. Zytglogge, th\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh t\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1m g\u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00f9, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e1y\u2014g\u1ea5u, g\u00e3 h\u1ec1 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 r\u00e2u c\u1ee7a Chronos\u2014trong khi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 thi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng, c\u00e1c cung ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c pha m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng. Kh\u00f4ng xa l\u00e0 M\u00fcnster, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Gothic cao v\u00fat c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1421, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p nh\u00e0 th\u1edd cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129; c\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m c\u00f3 g\u00e2n cho th\u1ea5y k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 x\u00e2y cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111ang v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi s\u00e1u km h\u00e0nh lang c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che\u2014h\u00e0nh lang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1o b\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft\u2014Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng c\u1ed9t b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u00e8n s\u1eaft r\u00e8n v\u00e0 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e1t sa th\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra theo phong c\u00e1ch ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n cho nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Hans Gieng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ecf kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 Kindlifresserbrunnen\u2014h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh gh\u00ea r\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111ang \u00f4m m\u1ed9t bao tr\u1ebb em\u2014\u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch h\u00f3a th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Bern\u2014m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng cao kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e9t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Aare (Matte v\u00e0 Marzili) \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cao nguy\u00ean Kirchenfeld v\u00e0 L\u00e4nggasse\u2014\u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng; theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp th\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 b\u0103ng qua c\u00e1c kh\u00fac quanh c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh 36 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 406.900 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 660.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7. D\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2013, cho th\u1ea5y 18,2 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng \u0111ang r\u00fat lui c\u1ee7a k\u1ef7 b\u0103ng h\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng; 33,3 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m bao g\u1ed3m r\u1eebng\u2014ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e2y s\u1ed3i, c\u00e2y s\u1ed3i v\u00e0 c\u00e2y v\u00e2n sam Na Uy\u2014trong khi c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y v\u00e0 ao h\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 2,1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m nh\u1ecf b\u00e9.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, Bern n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng (Cfb) v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u1ea9m (Dfb), theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i K\u00f6ppen. Tr\u1ea1m Zollikofen, n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, ghi nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 18,3 \u00b0C v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7\u2014khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 24,3 \u00b0C\u2014v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 37,0 \u00b0C v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2003, trong \u0111\u1ee3t n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng kh\u00e9t ti\u1ebfng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ng 1 l\u00e0 -0,4 \u00b0C\u2014k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ban \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0 -3,6 \u00b0C\u2014ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng Trung \u00c2u, khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng -23,0 \u00b0C, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1929, v\u00e0 s\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1 bao ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong h\u01a1n 103 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Tuy\u1ebft r\u01a1i t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng 14 ng\u00e0y t\u00edch t\u1ee5, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 52,6 cm v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian tuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee7 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 36 ng\u00e0y\u2014s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1981 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2010.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Bern l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef l\u1ea1i vang v\u1ecdng trong \u00e2m s\u1eafc Alemannic c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c Bernese. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2020, c\u00f3 134.794 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1\u2014kho\u1ea3ng 34 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i\u2014v\u1edbi bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 do di c\u01b0 (+1,3 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2010) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (sinh v\u00e0 t\u1eed chi\u1ebfm -2,1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m). Bao tr\u00f9m khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Canton of Bern, bang \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai trong Li\u00ean bang Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, c\u00f3 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eeba l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n
Trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Li\u00ean bang l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a li\u00ean bang th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1857 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1902 theo phong c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac c\u1ed5ng v\u00f2m t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m baroque, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p\u2014m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 sa th\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y S\u0129. Ngay ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, Li\u00ean minh B\u01b0u ch\u00ednh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi duy tr\u00ec v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Bern trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c gia Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, L\u01b0u tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng L\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u2014m\u1edf c\u1eeda v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1894\u2014t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u00f2m sao c\u00e1c kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i k\u00fd \u1ee9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, trong khi B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Alpine v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc Th\u1ee5y S\u0129.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Einstein t\u1ea1i Kramgasse 49 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u0103n h\u1ed9 n\u01a1i Albert Einstein, khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean Annus Mirabilis c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1905. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh, b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n sao b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc khi thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Newton\u2014m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac n\u00e0o trong ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. L\u1ed1i \u0111i b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng vang v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Zytglogge l\u00e2n c\u1eadn nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 tr\u1edb tr\u00eau c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian: s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 theo thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng, qu\u1eadn Kirchenfeld tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng Tierpark D\u00e4hlh\u00f6lzli\u2014n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa g\u1ea5u n\u00e2u \u00c1-\u00c2u, Ursus arctos arctos, lang thang trong nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ed1 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00edn\u2014v\u00e0 Rosengarten, m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a trang c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1913 th\u00e0nh Rosarium, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ra nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00f2a th\u00e1p h\u00ecnh r\u0103ng c\u01b0a c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5. Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Marzilibahn\u2014tuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1p treo c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ng\u1eafn th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 106 m\u00e9t\u2014n\u1ed1i l\u1ed1i \u0111i d\u1ea1o ven s\u00f4ng Marzili v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i Bundestag, nh\u1eefng toa t\u00e0u g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y l\u00ean d\u1ed1c sau m\u1ed7i hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh lang quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111an xen trong l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Bern v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Gurtenfestival\u2014m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i Gurten thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 25.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng 7\u2014\u0111\u1ebfn L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i nh\u1ea1c Jazz qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, n\u01a1i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1976 \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee9ng t\u00e1c b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1i v\u00f2m nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Buskers, n\u01a1i l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi quy\u00ean g\u00f3p v\u00e0 ghim l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111an xen v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n \u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 xe bu\u00fdt \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 k\u00e9p c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 di s\u1ea3n v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u01b0\u01a1m m\u1ea7m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Bern \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 \u1edf nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho xe \u0111\u1ea1p, \u0111an xen qua c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc theo nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ven s\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho thu\u00ea PubliBike; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1p xe, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u01b0\u1edbc Libero h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, xe bu\u00fdt PostAuto v\u00e0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1nh h\u01a1i theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u00e1 v\u00e9 theo v\u00f9ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng 100, bao g\u1ed3m Ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. Hauptbahnhof c\u1ee7a Bern\u2014ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau Z\u00fcrich v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y S\u0129\u2014x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u1ea7n 165.000 du kh\u00e1ch m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y trong tu\u1ea7n (n\u0103m 2022), k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 S-Bahn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh lang qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9\u2014A1, A6, A12\u2014t\u1ecfa ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, trong khi S\u00e2n bay Bern khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n t\u1ea1i Belp x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng chung v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 thu\u00ea bao, nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho Z\u00fcrich, Geneva v\u00e0 Basel cho c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay li\u00ean l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba theo l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft k\u00e9o d\u00e0i hai gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n
L\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a Bern: c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 BSC Young Boys thi \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i Gi\u1ea3i b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 Si\u00eau c\u1ea5p Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 t\u1ea1i S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Wankdorf, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a 32.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a V\u00f2ng chung k\u1ebft UEFA Women's Euro n\u0103m 2025, trong khi \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00fac c\u00f4n c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean b\u0103ng c\u1ee7a SC Bern, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea3i kh\u00fac c\u00f4n c\u1ea7u qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eafm m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, b\u01a1i \u1edf Aare l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh: nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u01a1i kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4i t\u1eeb Kornhausbr\u00fccke \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm Lorraine ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb Eichholz \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i Marzili, k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong ph\u00f2ng thay \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 leo l\u00ean Gurten b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 9 r\u1ed3i \u0111i l\u00ean b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh\u2014chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i l\u00ean ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong n\u0103m ph\u00fat v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 v\u00e9 kh\u1ee9 h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 ch\u00edn franc\u2014\u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i, s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 th\u00e1p quan s\u00e1t cung c\u1ea5p g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn bao qu\u00e1t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai cao. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khung c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa b\u00f2 g\u1eb7m c\u1ecf tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n \u0111i b\u1ed9, trong khi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c thu h\u00fat c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Do \u0111\u00f3, Bern kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t di t\u00edch t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n palimpsest n\u01a1i th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5\u2014n\u01a1i nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nghi l\u1ec5 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n giao thoa v\u1edbi n\u1ed1t ng\u1eabu h\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi con ph\u1ed1, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9: t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 c\u1edd tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Li\u00ean bang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kinh tuy\u1ebfn d\u00e1t v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Zytglogge; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ed1i m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a M\u00fcnster \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i v\u00f2m tho\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3ng. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Bern n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y\u2014m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u00f9ng v\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u01a1 ca h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Th\u1ee5y S\u0129.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, Bern l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 di s\u1ea3n phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1eb1m \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Cao nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 133.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2022) l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Bern v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 n\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y S\u0129\u2014sau Z\u00fcrich, Geneva, Basel v\u00e0 Lausanne. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Bern bao g\u1ed3m 36 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 406.900 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2014, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 660.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u01a1n xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3592,"parent":12907,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13051","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13051"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13051\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12907"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3592"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}