C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Moldova l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p bi\u1ec3n \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u, bao g\u1ed3m 33.483 km2 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng 2,42 tri\u1ec7u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. Moldova n\u1eb1m \u1edf g\u00f3c \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c Balkan-Bi\u1ec3n \u0110en, gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi Romania \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e0 Ukraine \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00eda nam. Chi\u0219in\u0103u, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
B\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Moldova xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c Moldavia, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Ottoman. Trong g\u1ea7n n\u0103m th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, c\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u0103m 1812, Ottoman Porte \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh Bessarabia, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn Moldova ng\u00e0y nay, cho \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Nga. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a Bessarabia \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i gia nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c Moldavia v\u00e0 Wallachia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1856, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Nga sau \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Berlin n\u0103m 1878. Nh\u1eefng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai.<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 1917 \u1edf Saint Petersburg lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp Bessarabia, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nga \u0111ang suy y\u1ebfu. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1918, m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ngay sau \u0111\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi Romania th\u00f4ng qua cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. S\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1940, khi Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Molotov-Ribbentrop bu\u1ed9c Bucharest ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng Bessarabia v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Bukovina cho Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft Moldavian, s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a T\u1ec9nh Bessarabia tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 t\u1eeb C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft Ukraina.<\/p>\n
Khi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tan r\u00e3, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft Moldavian tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1991, l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Moldova. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, Transnistria\u2014m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1eb9p \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng d\u1ecdc theo S\u00f4ng Dniester\u2014\u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1994 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n, trao quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n nghi l\u1ec5, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau.<\/p>\n
Trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Maia Sandu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2020 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng li\u00eam ch\u00ednh t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, Moldova \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c xin gia nh\u1eadp Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. T\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2022 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n gia nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2023. Sandu c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 theo hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn an ninh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u00e1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Nga v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng Ukraine.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, Moldova bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4, thung l\u0169ng s\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n \u1edf ph\u00eda nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bugeac. \u0110\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 430 m\u00e9t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ed3i B\u0103l\u0103ne\u0219ti, trong Cao nguy\u00ean Moldavian k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0o Ukraine v\u00e0 Romania. C\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u v\u00f9ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i n\u00fai r\u1eebng Codri \u1edf trung t\u00e2m Moldova, \u0110\u1ed3i Dniester \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p Prut d\u1ecdc theo bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda t\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ea5t Chernozem, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, bao ph\u1ee7 kho\u1ea3ng ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng nho. M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh lang h\u1eb9p t\u1ea1i Giurgiule\u0219ti, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb Ukraine v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1999, mang l\u1ea1i cho Moldova m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n d\u00e0i 450 m\u00e9t tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng Danube v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi Bi\u1ec3n \u0110en.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, \u00f4n h\u00f2a do g\u1ea7n Bi\u1ec3n \u0110en. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong n\u0103m th\u00e1ng, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trung b\u00ecnh g\u1ea7n 20 \u00b0C, trong khi m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ebfm khi c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 -4 \u00b0C v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 600 mm \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn 400 mm \u1edf ph\u00eda nam, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a thu. M\u01b0a l\u1edbn g\u00e2y ra x\u00f3i m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n chu k\u1ef3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed bao g\u1ed3m 41,5 \u00b0C v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2007 t\u1ea1i Camenca v\u00e0 -35,5 \u00b0C v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1963 t\u1ea1i Br\u0103tu\u0219eni.<\/p>\n
N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Moldova \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 hai t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Ng\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf, trong khi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a sinh k\u1ebf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng di c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00fa s\u1ed1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb xung \u0111\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0u nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang t\u1eeb Nga sang Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 120 tri\u1ec7u l\u00edt \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean EU v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021 so v\u1edbi 8,6 tri\u1ec7u l\u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n cho Nga.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc, Moldova \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 2.423.300 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2024. C\u01b0 d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm 43,4 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Chi\u0219in\u0103u. B\u0103l\u021bi, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 'th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc', l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai, c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 100.000 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n tr\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng R\u0103ut. Tiraspol, v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 g\u1ea7n 150.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c Transnistria kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. Comrat \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Gagauzia, m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb \u1edf ph\u00eda nam.<\/p>\n
Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 71,5 n\u0103m\u201467,2 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nam v\u00e0 75,7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1eef\u2014v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 100 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef so v\u1edbi 90 nam gi\u1edbi. Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 nam gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 13,6 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Rumani, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2023, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ti\u1ebfng Nga v\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. Gagauz, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Turkic, chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a khu t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb mang t\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i l\u01b0u lo\u00e1t \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ebfm b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1edf Moldova \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111an xen qua di s\u1ea3n t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng nho l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi. H\u01a1n 700 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 50 tu vi\u1ec7n r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c kh\u1eafp v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 tu vi\u1ec7n hang \u0111\u1ed9ng Old Orhei, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i \u1edf b\u1edd tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a R\u0103ut v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1nh hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edd c\u00fang, l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n b\u00ean v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai. Tu vi\u1ec7n C\u0103priana, \u1ea9n m\u00ecnh trong nh\u1eefng l\u00f9m c\u00e2y s\u1ed3i c\u00e1ch Chi\u0219in\u0103u kho\u1ea3ng 40 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i t\u0129nh t\u00e2m t\u00e2m linh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lui t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c h\u1ea7m r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1ee7a Moldova \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Mile\u0219tii Mici, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c K\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c Guinness Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2005, bao g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n 200 km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ng\u1ea7m\u201455 km \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2014ch\u1ee9a h\u01a1n hai tri\u1ec7u chai r\u01b0\u1ee3u. Cricova, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i c\u0169, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang theo ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 n\u0103m tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, trong khi Castel Mimi ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch. C\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng xa x\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn nho ri\u00eang v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng nho c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. V\u00e0o m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng 10, Ng\u00e0y R\u01b0\u1ee3u vang Qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1n trang tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3n du kh\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m r\u01b0\u1ee3u b\u1eb1ng xe bu\u00fdt \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
Du l\u1ecbch, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y \u00c2u, \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean 36.100 l\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u0103m 2022\u2014v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m tham quan t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c di s\u1ea3n, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ngo\u00e0i Chi\u0219in\u0103u. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u ng\u1eef Du l\u1ecbch Moldova \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00e1c m\u00f9a n\u1eafng \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y\u2014kho\u1ea3ng 300 ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m\u2014chi ph\u00ed c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 giao thoa gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i ng\u00e3 ba c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Romania, Slavic v\u00e0 Gagauz.<\/p>\n
S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Chi\u0219in\u0103u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m neo k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u bao g\u1ed3m Amsterdam Schiphol, Paris Charles de Gaulle, London Stansted, Rome Fiumicino, S\u00e2n bay Istanbul v\u00e0 Tel Aviv. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u00eam n\u1ed1i Chi\u0219in\u0103u v\u1edbi Bucharest, Kyiv v\u00e0 Odesa, trong khi l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn Moscow v\u1eabn b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9. Nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 qua Romania t\u1ecf ra ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u ng\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y gi\u1eefa Chi\u0219in\u0103u v\u00e0 Bucharest m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 12 gi\u1edd. M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi xe bu\u00fdt m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Romania v\u00e0 Ukraine, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh qua Transnistria c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thanh to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
Trong Moldova, giao th\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 12.730 km, trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 11.000 km \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 1.138 km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft. Xe bu\u00fdt nh\u1ecf, hay rutiere, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00e0 l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c, cung c\u1ea5p l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 v\u00e9 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng. \u1ede Chi\u0219in\u0103u, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn xe bu\u00fdt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n trong \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 marshrutki t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. B\u1ebfn t\u00e0u Danube c\u1ee7a Giurgiule\u0219ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00e0u ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Moldova v\u1edbi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u qua Bi\u1ec3n \u0110en.<\/p>\n
Du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn Moldova s\u1ebd b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c khu ch\u1ee3 \u1edf Chi\u0219in\u0103u tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1i, rau, pho m\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt x\u00f4ng kh\u00f3i. C\u00e1c qu\u00e1n \u0103n nh\u1ecf trong khu ph\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u0103m\u0103lig\u0103 (ch\u00e1o b\u1ed9t ng\u00f4), br\u00e2nz\u0103 (pho m\u00e1t tr\u1eafng) v\u00e0 zeama (s\u00fap g\u00e0) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nga v\u00e0 Ukraina. Ti\u1ec1n boa kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u mong \u0111\u1ee3i. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed7 \u1edf bao g\u1ed3m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng euro ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecd m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i \u1edf th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. Nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 th\u1eddi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n t\u1ec9nh l\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bcho c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n
Trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Moldova l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. M\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u00e1o v\u00e1t. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, trong khi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m linh thi\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc. Ng\u00e0y nay, khi qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, Moldova mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho du kh\u00e1ch s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u tinh t\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u theo m\u00f9a v\u1eabn c\u00f2n vang v\u1ecdng r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u sau khi r\u1eddi \u0111i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Moldova, t\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Moldova, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e9p k\u00edn n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u, n\u1eb1m \u1edf r\u00eca \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Balkan. Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 33.483 km2 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng 2,42 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2024. Moldova n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n: Romania \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e0 Ukraine \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nam. Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi s\u00f4ng Dniester, v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ly khai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Transnistria n\u1eb1m b\u00ean kia s\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi Moldova gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2745,"parent":24078,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11462","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11462","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11462"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11462\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24078"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11462"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}