Şanlıurfa’s Balıklıgöl (also called Halil-ür Rahman Lake, literally “Lake of the Friend of God”) is a shimmering sanctuary at the edge of the old city. Fringed by gardens and historic mosques, it is one of Şanlıurfa’s most visited spots. The pool’s fame stems from a foundational legend of Abraham and King Nimrod: according to tradition, Abraham was cast into a blazing fire here, but God turned the flames into water and the timbers into the carp that still swim today. This miraculous narrative infuses the site with deep spiritual allure. Locals and scholars alike note that “Balıklıgöl… is among the most visited places in Şanlıurfa”, drawing thousands of pilgrims and tourists each year.

At first sight, visitors see only clear spring water teeming with fish – yet the place is steeped in layers of history. Archaeologists have found evidence of human veneration here from the dawn of civilization. A pre-pottery Neolithic figurine (about 8000 B.C.) was discovered on site, and nearby Gobekli Tepe (just 12 km to the north) contains 12th-millennium B.C. temples dedicated to ancient gods. In later eras the city, known to the Greeks and Romans as Edessa, became home to early Christian communities and medieval Islamic empires. Today Urfa often carries the sobriquet “Şanlıurfa – City of the Prophets,” a nod to its Abrahamic legends, and Balıklıgöl is the locus of that lore in the city.

The Enduring Legend: The Story of Abraham’s Trial by Fire

According to local belief, the legendary confrontation between Abraham and King Nimrod took place on this site. The tale appears in early Jewish midrash and was adopted by Islamic tradition: Nimrod, a tyrannical ruler, had declared himself a god and demanded that Abraham renounce the worship of his one God. When Abraham smashed the king’s idols in defiance, Nimrod ordered him bound to a massive pyre. As Abraham fell into the flames, the story goes, God intervened. The raging fire instantly transformed into a pool of water, and the burning timbers became live carp, so that Abraham emerged unscathed. The pool’s very name, Halil-ür Rahman, means “the Friend of the Merciful” (a title of Abraham) and commemorates that divine rescue.

This dramatic legend is woven through Urfa’s cultural memory. A modern encyclopedia notes that Balıklıgöl is “known in Jewish and Islamic legends as the place where Nimrod threw Abraham into a fire”. Medieval accounts elaborate that Abraham had even fallen in love with Nimrod’s daughter, often called Zeliha. When Nimrod discovered this, he flung Abraham into the flames out of rage. As Abraham cried out in prayer, the miracle occurred: “the flames were miraculously transformed by God into the pool of water and the logs into the sacred carp”. Nearby, the smaller Ayn-ı Zeliha pool is said to have been formed by Zeliha’s tears of grief. Legend holds that this tearful lake’s fish are also enchanted – people say eating them will bring blindness. (Atlas Obscura confirms this folklore: “The Pool of Ayn-Zeliha is said to have been formed by Zeliha’s tears and… anyone who eats [the fish] will be struck blind”.) These intertwined legends give rise to many local superstitions and practices to this day.

The Role of Zeliha and the Creation of Ayn-ı Zeliha Lake

Nimrod’s daughter Zeliha figures prominently in the myth. In most tellings, after the miracle of the fire, Zeliha rushed to Abraham’s side only to learn of his loss in the flames. Heartbroken, she wept inconsolably, and where her tears fell a second pond sprang up – Ayn-ı Zeliha (literally “Zeliha’s Eye”). This smaller lake lies just southeast of Balıklıgöl and is also filled with fish. Local lore even ascribes powers to her creation: the fish or waters of Ayn-ı Zeliha are said to be dangerous to the unwary. Traditions warn that anyone who disturbs those fish, or tastes their flesh, will be struck blind – a poetic justice for the fate that might have befallen Abraham. The visual story is embodied on Urfa’s currency and in local art: a monument near the pool shows Zeliha’s tragic figure gazing at her new lake. In effect, the two lakes together – Balıklıgöl and Ayn-ı Zeliha – stand as perpetual memorials of the Abraham legend and the compassion of Zeliha.

The Sacred Inhabitants: The Carp of Balıklıgöl

The carp that live in Balıklıgöl are not ordinary fish in the eyes of local people – they are sacred guardians of the miracle. Every guide and resident knows the story that the fish themselves sprang from the burning logs, a direct link to the divine. Hence the fish are rigorously protected. Modern accounts underline that “the carp are still considered to be sacred and people are not allowed to catch or eat them”. One travel writer notes bluntly: “Forget any thoughts about fishing because the carp fish are considered sacred.”. Indeed, Turkish law also forbids harming them, and the pools are closely guarded against anyone trying to net or poison the fish. Killing a Balıklıgöl carp, even by accident, is said to bring misfortune or even immediate blindness according to folk belief.

Because the carp cannot feed naturally (no smaller creatures live in the pond), the community has turned feeding them into a devotional practice. Vendors sell handfuls of fish food to visitors, and flocks of carp rush up eagerly whenever bread or pellets are thrown. Encyclopedic sources describe that “visitors are encouraged to feed the fish, as this is their main source of food”. Atlas Obscura likewise observes that “hundreds of fish depend on pilgrims for food”. Tourists often delight in this feeding ritual, watching the water erupt with splashing carp in a colorful frenzy. (An old local tale even says that an all-white carp appears only to the truly blessed; sightings of this rare fish are claimed to portend good luck.)

Careful observation reveals the carp are almost entirely dark grey or black; their shimmering scales contrast with the emerald pool. Locals point out that even in color they bear “burnt” markings on their backs – proof of their origin in the fire. From dawn until dusk the pool is dotted with them, reflecting the sunlight. The fish form an unbroken symbol of living faith: generations have inherited the mandate not to harm these creatures. Even in a secular age, throngs of Armenians, Yazidis, Kurds, Christians, and (especially) Muslims alike honor the carp, leaving them an endless supply of morsels and prayerful respect. As one commentary remarks, Balıklıgöl remains “a popular site for devotees… with tens of thousands of visitors arriving at the pool every year” – a popularity built on both its legend and its living fish.

The History of the Balıklıgöl Site

Balıklıgöl’s significance predates even the Abrahamic tale. Archaeological finds suggest that prehistoric peoples venerated this spot millennia ago. Within the modern park area, excavators uncovered a carved limestone statue now known as “Urfa Man” – a standing human figure dating to roughly 9500 B.C., making it one of the oldest known life-sized statues of a human. Even closer to the pool, a small headless figurine from around 8000 B.C. was excavated, indicating that ancient Neolithic visitors paused here long before written history. The pool itself may have been part of a spring cult: in the nearby region people worshipped Atargatis, a Syrian mother-goddess of fertility and water. By Hellenistic times (4th–1st centuries B.C.), Edessa (the name then for Urfa) was a center for the worship of Atargatis, with pools of sacred fish that the faithful could not eat. Some scholars believe Balıklıgöl’s spiritual aura dates at least to that era of pagan worship.

When Alexander the Great passed through (c. 323 B.C.), his general Seleucus renamed the city Edessa. The Roman and Byzantine periods followed: in 304 A.D. King Abgar of Edessa (an Armenian vassal) was said to have become Christianity’s first official king, and a grand Christian basilica dedicated to the Virgin Mary was built on this very hilltop in the 6th century. Fragments of that basilica were later incorporated into the mosque we see today. In the year 639, Edessa fell to the Muslim Rashidun armies, and the city was renamed Urfa. Caliph al-Ma’mun’s general fortified the town in the early 9th century – notably, around 813–833 the Byzantine church by the pool was converted into a Friday mosque. Turkish historians record that this mosque, dedicated to “Halil-ür Rahman,” was established under the caliphal order and soon gained prominence as the site of Abraham’s miracle.

Over the following centuries Urfa’s rulers changed many times. Crusaders captured the city in 1098 (renaming it “Edessa” as one of the crusader states), only for it to be retaken by Nur ad-Din and then Saladin in the 12th century. In 1211, Saladin’s nephew (an Ayyubid sultan) rebuilt the mosque’s minaret. The Mamluks held the city in the 14th century, and then it passed to the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Under Ottoman rule the sacred precinct was expanded and embellished. For instance, in 1736 the wealthy governor Rizvaniye Mehmet Pasha commissioned the construction of the ornate Rızvaniye Mosque (see below), a testament to the site’s enduring religious status. Even later, during the 19th century, sultans and local benefactors funded restorations of walls and fountains, often inscribing Quranic verses about Abraham into the stone.

In the 20th century the Turkish Republic also took an interest in preserving the area. The old city suffered during World War I and the Armenian Genocide, but the monuments around Balıklıgöl were largely spared. After the war, Şanlıurfa (as it was renamed) grew into a regional capital, and Balıklıgöl’s surroundings were modernized. In recent decades the pool has been landscaped as a peaceful city park. In fact, architect Merih Karaaslan designed the present Gölbaşı Gardens (literally “Lakefront Park”) that encircle the pool with lawns, fountains and walkways. Today a visitor can stroll under plane trees and through flowerbeds where once only wild reeds grew, yet the ancient pulse of the place remains. At Balıklıgöl, each layer of history – from Neolithic to Ottoman – seems to converge into a single, sacred moment.

The Architectural Marvels of the Balıklıgöl Complex

The Balıklıgöl site is not only a single pool but an ensemble of historic structures that span centuries. Its formal layout reflects this complex history. We highlight the principal buildings and monuments:

• Halil-ür Rahman Mosque (Döşeme Camii): Occupying the southwest edge of the pool, this mosque is also called Döşeme Camii (Pavement Mosque) because of a stone walkway that extends over the water. Its origins are ancient: inscriptions record that a church was first erected here in 504 A.D. by a priest named Urbisyus. In 813–833 it was converted to a mosque by the Abbasid Caliph al-Ma’mun. The surviving structure shows layers of history. The courtyard has a fountain fed by spring water. The prayer hall is a hypostyle design with a flat roof – possibly reusing marble columns from the old church. Two tall Ottoman domes cover the sanctuary, and a single minaret rises at the corner. Inside, the mihrab (prayer niche) is decorated with blue tiles and calligraphy. Over the centuries the Halil-ür Rahman Mosque has been restored repeatedly (notably by Suleiman the Magnificent in the 16th century). It remains an active mosque; its verandas offer a view down into the sacred pool. (It stands today as a melding of Byzantine and Ottoman styles.)
• Rızvaniye Mosque: The more prominent mosque in the complex, Rızvaniye sits on the pool’s north shore. Built in 1736 by Rizvaniye Pasha, it is easily recognized by its broad green-tiled entrance and tall minaret. The façade is worked with marble and colored stone, with a signature Ottoman-style portal flanked by slender columns. Inside, the triple-domed prayer hall is spare but elegant, with arched windows and a wooden minbar (pulpit). Rızvaniye’s landscaped courtyard opens onto the pool via a low balustrade. Along one side of the courtyard stands a U-shaped madrasa (Koran school) attached in 1775. Inscriptions above its archways laud Sultan Mustafa III, under whose reign the complex was completed. The entire effect of Rızvaniye is one of grandeur – an Ottoman governor’s offering in honor of Abraham.
• Mevlid-i Halil (Cave of Abraham’s Birth): Adjacent to Halil-ür Rahman is a modest 16th-century mosque marking Abraham’s traditional birthplace. Accessed through a narrow courtyard and via a green-painted door, one enters a cool stone chamber believed to be the very cave where Abraham was born. The cave has been converted into a shrine: its low ceiling is studded with electric bulbs and candles, and a spring of water issues from the rock floor. Pilgrims drink or bottle this spring, considering it holy (some compare it to the Zamzam well of Mecca). The mosque above the cave was first erected by the Ottomans in 1523 by order of Governor Salih Pasha. Its whitewashed walls and painted dome are simple, sheltering the underground grotto. A carved Turkish inscription inside proclaims the name “Mevlid-i Halil” (Birth of Abraham) over the niche. Visiting the cave is a quiet, almost reverent experience; one descends a few steps into a space lit by oil lamps and offered prayer.
• Other Notable Features: Scattered around the complex are several smaller monuments. Near the entrance stands a 12th-century column fragment, one of the only remnants of the medieval fortress that once overlooked the pool. A walk around the pool reveals multiple şadırvan (ablution fountains) from the Ottoman era – octagonal fountains of stone from which worshippers historically drew water for ritual cleansing. Throughout the park, modern statues and prayer benches have been placed, but they harmonize with the old stone. The whole precinct is ringed by the Göbekli Park gardens: shady lawns, ponds, and outlets from the Halil-ür Rahman springs. Signage explains the legend in three languages, and paths guide visitors between Halil-ür Rahman Mosque, Rızvaniye Mosque, and the Cave.

Each element of the complex thus tells part of the story – from the earliest church foundations in Halil-ür Rahman to the jazzy 18th-century portal of Rızvaniye. Together they frame the central pool, merging architecture and landscape. The arches and domes echo the rippling surface, and many visitors find beauty in how the old stonework reflects among the living fish. It is an architectural ensemble built to honor Abraham’s miracle, and it succeeds in giving an almost temple-like aura to a humble city pond.

Planning Your Visit to Balıklıgöl: A Practical Guide

Getting to Şanlıurfa and Balıklıgöl

By Air: Şanlıurfa is served by Şanlıurfa GAP Airport (IATA code GNY), about 34 km (21 miles) northeast of the city center. Regular domestic flights connect to Istanbul and Ankara, as well as Izmir and Antalya in the summer. Special charter flights to Jeddah and Medina also operate during the Hajj and Umrah seasons. From the airport, visitors can take a hotel shuttle or a taxi; alternatively, Havaş shuttle buses run from the terminal to downtown Urfa and even to the nearby town of Siverek.

By Road: Şanlıurfa lies at the intersection of Turkey’s Eastern and Southeastern highways. It is roughly 1,200 km (750 miles) from Istanbul (about a 13–14 hour drive) and 1,100 km from Ankara. All-day state buses (Uluslararası Karayolu Taşımacılığı) and private companies like Kamil Koç and Metro run frequent coach services to Urfa from major cities in Anatolia and the Mediterranean coast. The intercity bus station (otogar) is located about 5 km east of the old city; local minibuses and taxis can ferry you the rest of the way. For those on a road trip, the E90/D400 highway passes within a few kilometers of Urfa, making the city accessible to drivers.

Once in the city, Balıklıgöl is in the heart of the old quarter. It lies on the south side of the historic core, just beyond the covered bazaar area. Visitors arriving by city bus can ride to the “Balıklıgöl Park” stop on Atatürk Caddesi (Abraham Avenue), or simply ask a taxi for “Balıklıgöl”; it will drop you right by the park entrance arch. From the old town center (e.g. the bazaar or castle), it is a pleasant 5–10 minute walk to the pool area.

Opening Hours and Entrance Fees (2025)

Balıklıgöl is an outdoor site and has no official entrance fee. The area is essentially a public park. It is open every day, and most people visit between dawn and dusk. In practice, the gates to the pool complex are typically unlocked in the early morning and closed after sunset. Travelers should assume access roughly between 6 am and 8 pm, depending on the season. (After dark the park is dimly lit and guards will encourage late visitors to depart.)

The mosques at the site have separate schedules: they close briefly for the daily five prayers. If you plan to enter the Halil-ür Rahman or Rızvaniye Mosque, remember to remove your shoes at the entrance and to dress modestly (women should cover their hair with a scarf, men should wear long pants). Both mosques welcome visitors outside prayer times, but if you arrive just before a call to prayer you will be asked to wait quietly. Note that guided religious tours will sometimes block off sections of the site; however, for independent sightseers there is always ample space to walk around the pool and gardens even during prayers.

In short, you can visit Balıklıgöl at any time of year on weekdays or weekends for free. The only costs incurred are incidental (buying fish food, hiring a guide, etc.). It is wise to check the national prayer schedule or ask your hotel about local prayer times, to avoid any inconvenience.

The Best Time to Visit

Şanlıurfa has a semi-arid climate, with very hot summers and cool, occasionally snowy winters. The most pleasant seasons to see Balıklıgöl are spring (April–June) and autumn (September–October), when temperatures hover in the low 20s–30°C (70s–mid-80s°F). In high summer (July–August) the pool area can be uncomfortably hot, although the breeze off the water and the shade of the trees help. If visiting in peak summer, schedule your Balıklıgöl visit for early morning or late afternoon to avoid the midday heat. The park’s greenery is at its lusher just after spring rains and again after early autumn rains.

Crowds are heaviest on weekends (especially Fridays, the Muslim day of gathering) and during holiday periods (Ramadan evenings, Eid festivals, etc.). For a quieter experience, aim for a weekday or early in the day. Dawn at Balıklıgöl is a magical time: fishermen and joggers may stroll by, and you might catch the pools shrouded in morning mist. The water and fish are particularly active at first light. Likewise, the “golden hour” shortly before sunset bathes the historic mosques and castle in warm light and is ideal for photography (see below).

One note: Since Halil-ür Rahman and Rızvaniye are active mosques, they are busiest around Friday noon (Jum’ah prayer). If your interest is architectural or photographic rather than devotional, consider visiting on a different day or time. On that note, be mindful that on Fridays after the noon prayer the crowds of worshippers can be very large.

Visitor Etiquette and Dress Code

Balıklıgöl, while a tourist spot, remains a revered holy site for many. Visitors should observe respectful behavior. Keep voices low, especially near the mosques and around people praying. It is customary to remove shoes before entering any mosque on the grounds; signs mark the entrance to Halil-ür Rahman and Rızvaniye where you must leave footwear. Women are expected to cover their hair (a simple scarf is enough) and both men and women should dress modestly (no shorts or sleeveless shirts inside the mosques, for example). Even outside the buildings, most Turks in Urfa dress conservatively, so wearing long sleeves and trousers or skirts is considered polite.

Feeding the carp is a cherished ritual, but keep in mind that the fish should be fed only the packaged feed sold by vendors, not bread or random food scraps. Do not lean over the water or try to touch or grab the fish – this is frowned upon. Also, refrain from tossing coins or trash in the pool. There are garbage bins by the entrance – use them. Finally, avoid public displays of affection or inappropriate behavior. Though Urfa is moderately conservative, a firm yet polite demeanor is valued.

By following basic manners – and by keeping the sanctity of the space in mind – visitors ensure that everyone, pilgrims and sightseers alike, can have a serene experience at Balıklıgöl.

Where to Stay: Hotels and Accommodations Near Balıklıgöl

The area around Balıklıgöl offers a range of lodging, from international-brand hotels to small historic inns. Many of the city’s best accommodations cluster in the narrow streets of the Old Town, making the pool an easy walk from your front door. Here are some well-regarded options:

• Hilton Garden Inn Şanlıurfa – A modern four-star hotel just steps (about 10–15 minutes’ walk) from Balıklıgöl. It features spacious rooms, a restaurant, and often attracts business travelers. The Hilton’s courtyard terrace is a popular spot and guests praise its comfort. (Booking ratings: 8.3/10.)
• DoubleTree by Hilton Şanlıurfa (Official) – Located near the city center, this international-brand hotel (part of Hilton’s chain) opened in recent years. It is a 5–10 minute drive from the old city (taxi recommended). With a pool and fitness center, it offers a Western-style hotel experience. It frequently rates highly for cleanliness and service (guest scores around 9.1/10). It’s a good pick for visitors who prefer familiar amenities and don’t mind the short transfer.
• Kaliruha Hotel – A charming boutique guesthouse in a restored Ottoman-era building. Known for its pretty courtyard and garden terrace, Kaliruha is very popular among travelers (rated 9.7/10 for service and atmosphere). It lies a five-minute walk from Balıklıgöl and immerses guests in local ambiance. Rooms are individually decorated; breakfast is often served on the terrace.
• Babil Antique Hotel – Housed in an old konak (mansion) with stone walls and wood-beamed ceilings, this family-run hotel offers a traditional setting. Its winding stone staircases and antique furnishings give a historic flair. Babil Antique tends to fill up quickly, reflecting its 9.2/10 rating. Staff are known for warm hospitality, and some rooms have balconies overlooking the pool or city.
• Astarte Hotel – A small, peaceful inn with rooms arranged around courtyards and fountains. It has air-conditioned rooms and a garden; breakfast is included. Guest reviews often mention the friendly host and authentic ambience. Astarte consistently rates well (around 9.3/10) for value and location (a few minutes’ walk to the pool).
• Aslan Guest House – This budget-friendly option sits in a historic building just one street away from Balıklıgöl. It has dorm-style and private rooms, a shared patio, and a simple breakfast. Aslan is more spartan but earns praise for its authentic vibe and friendly owner. It is often full and has a 9.1/10 score. Its location, around the corner from the pool’s entrance, makes it especially handy for early visitors.
• Palmyra Boutique Hotel and Şark Çırağan Konak – Both are near the pool and feature courtyard rooms. They offer a blend of modern comfort and old-world character. Each has a garden and a rooftop terrace with pool views. Guests note that the staff will help arrange local tours and airport pickup. These smaller hotels usually have ratings in the high 8s to 9s.

There are many other pensions and apartments scattered through the historic district. Wherever you stay, try to book early in high season (spring/fall) as this area sells out. Late‑booking travelers sometimes end up in newer hotels outside the old city (e.g. along Cumhuriyet Avenue) and take a taxi in. But for the most atmospheric experience, the old-town guesthouses win high marks. Most places will be listed on booking sites with detailed directions; a pickup can always be arranged from the airport if needed.

The Flavors of Urfa: Culinary Experiences Near Balıklıgöl

Şanlıurfa’s cuisine is legendary in Turkey – as rich and spicy as its history. Visiting Balıklıgöl inevitably whets the appetite, and the streets nearby abound with choices for every palate and budget. The local food is a proud fusion of Anatolian, Kurdish, and Arab influences. Here are some can’t-miss elements and eateries in the Balıklıgöl area:

• Şanlıurfa Kebab: The city’s namesake kebab is a must-try. Often simply called Urfa kebabı, it is a hand-pressed mix of ground lamb (or beef and lamb) grilled on flat skewers. It is seasoned with local isot pepper and served with lavash bread, lettuce, tomato and herbs. Unlike its spicier sibling (Adana kebab), Urfa kebab is mildly aromatic. Among top spots, Cevahir Han (a big covered grillhouse near the pool) and Meşhur Saray Restaurant (near the bazaar) are frequented by locals. Dozens of small ocakbaşı (grill) shops line the alleys; look for the scent of charcoal and freshly baked bread.
• Çiğ Köfte: Urfa claims the original çiğ köfte, made by pounding raw beef or lamb with bulgur and isot chili until it forms a spicy paste. (Nowadays most shops serve a vegetarian version.) In front of the mosques and around markets you’ll find vendors selling çiğ köfte wrapped in lettuce leaves. Its flavor is tangy-hot and it’s often offered as a snack by locals. Don’t miss tasting this living tradition: it’s sold everywhere from street carts to sit-down eateries.
• Lahmacun and Pide: Thin-crust flatbreads are ubiquitous. Lahmacun (round pizza-like pies with minced meat, onions and parsley) are baked in wood-fired ovens and laced with spicy isot (reddish chili flakes) as topping. They are sold by the piece at small shops and eaten with lemon and fresh herbs. Pide (oval-shaped flatbread, often with cheese, minced meat, or spinach) is also popular for a quick lunch near the pool. You’ll spot trays of pide and lahmacun displayed on counters in the walkable old bazaar.
• Tirit: A distinctive Urfa specialty, tirit is a hearty dish made by soaking torn flatbread pieces in lamb broth and then topping them with seasoned meat. It is a traditional way to use up leftover lamb. Locals serve it at family gatherings and caravanserais. The Tourism Ministry notes Tirit has been cooked here for generations as a peasant meal. Nowadays you can order tirit in local restaurants such as Tiritçi Mithat near the Grand Bazaar. It comes piping hot on a tray, mixed with yogurt and butter – a pure comfort food.
• Offal Delicacies: Şanlıurfa is also renowned for its organ-meat dishes. Ciğer (lamb liver) is a staple: diners order ciğer şiş (liver cubes) or ciğer dürüm, often wrapped by oneself in bread with onions and parsley, and drizzled with isot oil. Shops like İkiler Ciğer near the mosques are famous for their sizzling skewers of liver. Similarly, külbastı (marinated lamb chops) and kaburga (ribs) appear in many menus. Don’t be surprised to see meat still grilling well into the night around the Halil-ür Rahman terrace.
• Sweet and Drinks: Conclude the meal with a bit of local color. Urfa’s desserts include katmer (a flaky pastry filled with pistachio and clotted cream) and bici bici (a crushed ice dessert with rosewater syrup) on hot days. A must-try beverage is şerbet, a lightly flavored fruit drink (carrot sherbet is a local favorite). All meals here are often served with plain ayran (salted yogurt drink) or, more commonly at the end, mırra – a uniquely bitter regional coffee. Mırra is brewed strong (simmered multiple times) and poured into tiny cups so thick it doesn’t foam. It’s customary for the host to present mırra around the table; refusing it can be seen as impolite.

In practical terms, the streets around Balıklıgöl teem with eateries. The large Cevahir Han Restaurant (an indoor bazaar with multiple grills and seating areas) is one convenient spot offering kebabs, stews, çiğ köfte and more all in one place. For a romantic setting, there are roof-top terraces overlooking the pool – try the terrace at Yeni Hasan Paşa Restaurant for kebabs under the stars. For a quick bite, dozens of ‘lokanta’ (cafeteria-style diners) serve kebab plates and meze next to the mosques. In short, expect to enjoy fiery peppers, generous lamb, and hospitality at every turn: Urfa cuisine is as warm and bold as the city itself.

Beyond the Pool: Exploring the Treasures of Şanlıurfa

Balıklıgöl is often the centerpiece of a visit to Şanlıurfa, but the region around it is rich with attractions. Many travelers spend half a day at the pool and dedicate the other half to nearby sites. Key highlights include:

• Göbekli Tepe (Göbekli Tepesi): About 15 km north of Urfa lies the prehistoric site of Göbekli Tepe, often called the world’s oldest known temple. Excavations reveal circular stone enclosures with T-shaped limestone pillars carved with wild animals, dating to the 10th–9th millennium B.C. The UNESCO World Heritage listing calls it a “Neolithic enigma,” noting that hunter-gatherers built these monuments long before farming. Today there is a museum and protective cover at Göbekli Tepe; many guided tours combine it with Balıklıgöl (buses leave Urfa in the morning). Even a quick visit is worthwhile for history buffs – the site rewrote what we know about early societies.
• Şanlıurfa Archaeology and Mosaic Museum: Just a few blocks from Balıklıgöl, this modern museum (opened 2015) houses the region’s treasures. Its centerpiece is the world-famous Orpheus Mosaic – a dazzling Roman-era mosaic of the mythic musician that was recently returned to Turkey from Dallas. The museum’s halls also display Neolithic artifacts, Hellenistic sculptures and Ottoman inscriptions. Don’t miss the miniature model of ancient Urfa. Outside, the museum’s illuminated carvings of Abraham and fish at night create a subtle homage to Balıklıgöl. Most significantly, it holds the original “Urfa Man” statue (from Göbekli Tepe) which dates to 9,000 B.C. – considered the oldest human sculpture ever found. Even a casual visitor will be struck by the 2-meter-tall limestone figure.
• The Historic Bazaars and Gümrük Han: East of Balıklıgöl lies the bustling old bazaar. Twisting lanes of shops sell everything from spices to silver. In the heart of the market is Gümrük Han, a beautifully restored 16th-century Ottoman caravanserai. Its domed halls now house art galleries, weaving cooperatives and tea houses. Walking through Gümrük Han’s carved stone archways and courtyards is like stepping back in time. Around the han, vendors offer Urfa’s famous silver jewelry and bright textiles. Even if you’re not buying, the aroma of spices and the sound of merchants calling will enchant travelers.
• Urfa Castle (Urfa Kalesi): Perched on a hill immediately north of the old city, the ancient citadel overlooks Balıklıgöl and beyond. Its massive stone walls date back to Byzantine and early Christian times (the site was a palace in the 3rd century). Only two standing columns remain from that era. The fortress was expanded by Crusaders and later the Ottomans (Suleiman the Magnificent installed cannons here in 1533). Today much of the castle is in ruins, but the ramparts offer panoramic views of Urfa’s rooftops and the shimmering pool. A climb to the summit (about 10 minutes up a paved path) is rewarded by vistas across the plain to distant mountains. Visitors often time the climb for late afternoon to enjoy the sunset painting the minarets and fish ponds below.Above: Urfa Castle (Kale) crowns the city’s highest hill, with Balıklıgöl visible below. The fortress walls trace back to Roman and Ottoman eras.
• Harran and the Beehive Houses: If you have a full day, drive 40 km southeast to the village of Harran. Famous from antiquity as the birthplace of astronomy, Harran is known for its traditional mud-brick “beehive” houses – conical domes built of sun-dried brick that have provided shelter for peasants for hundreds of years. Rows of these conical dwellings still stand in Harran’s fields. The site also has a picturesque ruined 8th-century Umayyad mosque and the remains of a medieval citadel. Göbekli Tepe, Şanlıurfa’s museum, and Balıklıgöl can all be done in one day, but Harran is usually a separate half-day trip. As one museum note states, Harran lies about 44 km southeast of Urfa, making it an easy excursion by car or mini-bus.

Together, these attractions make Şanlıurfa more than just the Pool of Abraham. The region is a living museum of ancient and religious history. A traveler who pauses at Balıklıgöl, then ventures to Göbekli Tepe or Harran, will encounter layers of humanity from 10,000 years ago to the Ottoman age – an extraordinary juxtaposition that few places on earth can match.

Balıklıgöl for Pilgrims: A Spiritual Journey

Balıklıgöl today remains a potent pilgrimage site for Muslims, as well as for Jews and Christians interested in its Abrahamic significance. For many believers, visiting Balıklıgöl is an act of devotion rather than sightseeing. In the afternoons and on Fridays, one can observe clusters of worshippers coming to pray at Halil-ür Rahman and Rızvaniye Mosques. The call to prayer reverberates through the gardens, and people often step out of prayer to toss handfuls of feed to the fish – an expression of gratitude. Tradition holds that performing ablutions and praying at the sacred water brings blessings.

Scholars note that even today the carp remain “considered sacred”, and that feeding them is viewed as meritorious. It is common for pilgrims to recite verses of the Quran or offer brief prayers at the edge of the pool. In the dim light of evening, one may also see a few pilgrims kneeling on the stonework, meditating beside the pool. During Ramadan and Eid, special night prayers (teravih and taraweeh) are held in the mosques, and the pool area takes on a particularly festive yet reverent air.

Visitors often sense a contemplative atmosphere. Unlike a commercial theme park, Balıklıgöl never has loud music or raucous vendors (aside from the polite fish-food salesmen). Instead, the site’s lore encourages reflection on faith and mercy. For Muslims, Abraham (Ibrahim) is a prophet of immense importance – the patriarch of monotheism – and this is one of the few physical places associated with him. Many say they feel a palpable spirituality here, especially as sunlight catches the surface where Abraham’s supposed miracle occurred. Thus, Balıklıgöl occupies a unique place in the landscape of Islamic holy sites in Turkey: it is not one of the officially ordained pilgrimage sites (the Ziyaretgahlar), but locally it is treated as such.

“Modern Balıklıgöl remains a popular site for devotees and tourists alike,” observes a recent description. The author notes that despite thousands of annual visitors, there is a solemnity to the pools – above all the rule that “the carp are still considered to be sacred”. In practical terms, pilgrims often combine a visit here with prayer in the evenings at Rızvaniye. It is customary for devout visitors to perform a small prayer (dua) to Abraham near the pond, or to hang prayer beads on nearby trees. Even if one comes only to feed the fish and walk the grounds in silence, many report a sense of reverence. In sum, Balıklıgöl offers a quiet, reflective pilgrimage experience: the water and fish stand as living symbols of God’s mercy towards Abraham, and each visitor walks in the footsteps of generations of believers who have made this journey.

Photography at Balıklıgöl: Capturing the Magic

Photographers are drawn to Balıklıgöl by the interplay of light, water, and history. Here are some tips for making the most of your camera time:

• Vantage Points: A prime spot is on the western bank of the pond, facing east. From there you capture the reflection of Rızvaniye Mosque’s domes and minaret in the water. The low stone bridge on the north side (between Halil-ür Rahman and Rızvaniye Mosques) also makes a photogenic frame. Consider climbing up the short hill next to the palace (Üçkapılar) to shoot down on the pond from above. From that higher perspective the pond, mosques, and fish are all in view.
• Best Light: Early morning and late afternoon offer the richest light. In the morning sun, the minarets glow as they rise behind gentle mist (occasionally), and shadows play on the pool. At sunset the scene warms to gold and orange. On clear days, some photographers wait until the very last light, when the sky tints purple and the pool has a mirror sheen. This is also when the crowds thin out. The face of Rızvaniye is beautifully side-lit in late afternoon, highlighting its green tiles. Midday sun can be harsh (bright sky, deep shadows), but it does make the water color vibrant and accentuates the carp. Overcast days offer even, soft light – ideal for close-ups of fish feeding.
• Capturing the Carp: A zoom lens or telephoto will help isolate the swirling carp without your presence disturbing them. Try to shoot at a fast shutter speed (or burst mode) to freeze their movement. Patience pays off: often the fish gather in one place for feeding, so you can crouch by the railing and wait. Remember to remove lens flare: the pool can act like a mirror, so shade your lens when shooting toward bright sky.
• Architecture and Details: Don’t miss architectural details – the carved mihrab inside Halil-ür Rahman Mosque, the tiled entry of Rızvaniye, or the colorful zellij mosaics on fountains. Some details (like carved inscriptions) reward a telephoto lens. Wide-angle shots from inside the Halil-ür Rahman prayer hall can convey the fusion of church and mosque features. Respect privacy: avoid photographing worshippers up close without permission. As a rule, candid long-lens shots of people praying are generally avoided out of courtesy, unless they have no faces visible.
• Tips for Respectful Shooting: Photography here is generally allowed (this is not a restricted archaeological site), but always ask if you’re uncertain. For example, some locals prefer not to have their personal worship moments intruded upon. Tripods are fine around the pools, but take care not to block pathways. If you want indoor shots of the mosques, do so quietly and discretely (tripod use indoors is typically frowned upon). Note that flash is not permitted inside places of worship (and it can unsettle people anyway).

By the end of the day, you should come away with rich color photos of dark carp fins gleaming among water lilies, and stately images of Ottoman domes mirrored on the lake. The magic of Balıklıgöl often lies in small moments: a beam of sun catching a running child in the park, or the vapor of prayer incense blending with the scent of flowers. Keep your camera ready and your respect intact, and this site will reward you with unforgettable images of spirituality made visible.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: What is the story of Balıklıgöl?
A: The pool is venerated as the very place where Abraham was thrown into a funeral pyre by King Nimrod. According to legend, God saved Abraham by turning the fire into water and the burning logs into living fish. This miracle is why the pool is called “Balıklıgöl” (Fish Lake) or “Halil-ür Rahman” (Friend of the Merciful). A nearby pool, Ayn-ı Zeliha, is said to be formed from the tears of Nimrod’s daughter Zeliha. These tales have been passed down for centuries through Islamic and earlier Jewish-Christian traditions.

Q: Why are the fish in Balıklıgöl sacred?
A: Local belief holds that the carp themselves came from the miracle – the logs in the fire became fish. Thus the carp are treated as holy. Law and custom forbid harming or eating them. In fact, modern observers note that “the carp are still considered to be sacred and people are not allowed to catch or eat them”. Visitors honor the fish by feeding them rather than fishing them out.

Q: Can you swim or wade in the Pool of Abraham?
A: No. Swimming or wading in the pool is not allowed, both out of respect and because of the sacred fish. The pool is kept very clean and the fish roam freely. You may walk up to the stone edge of the pool to throw fish food in the water, but you should not get into the water. (Besides, there is nowhere to change, and the water is quite cold and slippery.)

Q: Is there an entrance fee for Balıklıgöl?
A: No, entry to Balıklıgöl is free. The site functions as a public park and mosque precinct, and visitors can explore at no charge. You may choose to buy fish food from vendors inside the park (a few Turkish lira per bag) or hire a guided tour, but admission itself is free.

Q: What are the opening hours?
A: The park around Balıklıgöl is open daily from dawn to dusk. In practice, you can visit roughly from about 6 am until 8 pm, with slight variations by season (longer summer days, shorter winter days). The mosques within the site close briefly five times a day for the prayers. (Outside of prayers, visitors may enter Halil-ür Rahman and Rızvaniye mosques respectfully.) It is wise to avoid midday on Fridays, when crowds may block areas during the 1 pm prayer.

Q: What is the best time of year and day to visit?
A: The most comfortable seasons are spring (April–June) and autumn (September–October), when temperatures are warm but not scorching. Summer days can exceed 40 °C (104°F), so early morning or late afternoon visits are preferable in July–August. Winter (December–February) is cool to chilly – a clear day can be nice, but nights sometimes bring frost. For times of day, early morning light and late afternoon (the hour before sunset) offer the most dramatic scenery and fewer crowds. Daytime Fridays should be avoided if possible due to prayer gatherings.

Q: How do you get to Balıklıgöl from Şanlıurfa Airport?
A: From Şanlıurfa GAP Airport (GNY), the easiest option is the Havaş airport shuttle bus, which goes to Urfa city center and can let you off near Balıklıgöl Park. The trip takes about 45 minutes. Alternatively, metered taxis are available (approximately 200–250 TL) or you can arrange a private transfer through your hotel.

Q: Are there guides available at the site?
A: There is no fixed visitor center at the pool, but licensed tour guides and tourist police are often present, especially on weekends or during busy seasons. They can provide explanations of the legend and history for a fee. Independent travelers sometimes hire a guide through their hotel for a half-day tour of Urfa (which usually includes Balıklıgöl). It is not mandatory to have a guide – many visitors explore on their own using guidebooks or smartphone apps.

Q: Are children welcome at Balıklıgöl?
A: Yes, families with children are very common here. The park paths are wide and safe, and kids often delight in feeding the fish. There are no dangerous drops (the pool walls are low and the courtyards are flat), though caution is advised near the water. Keep an eye on children, as some fountains and stream channels can have slippery stones. There are no playgrounds at the site, so families often combine Balıklıgöl with other child-friendly attractions like the nearby Sanliurfa Archaeology Museum or Halfeti boat tour.

Q: Where can I buy fish food?
A: Several vendors sell plastic bags of fish pellets (usually a few lira per bag) at kiosks right by the pool’s edge. You can throw it into the water for the carp to eat. In fact, feeding the fish is considered a good deed here. Bringing your own bread is discouraged (it can spoil the water).

Q: What else is there to see near Balıklıgöl?
A: Within walking distance is the Urfa Archaeology and Mosaic Museum (to the north), with its mosaics and the Urfa Man statue. Eastward lies the covered bazaar; the historic Gümrük Han (customs inn) and Şanlıurfa Castle are a short walk away. Just outside the old city, Göbekli Tepe and the beehive villages of Harran are popular day trips (tours can be booked from Urfa). Inside the city, the 5th-century Halil-ür Rahman Mosque (on the pool) and the Cave of Abraham are obvious sites to explore immediately. Ask at the tourist office or your hotel for walking maps; the old city is very walkable.

Conclusion: The Enduring Miracle of Balıklıgöl

Balıklıgöl is more than a scenic pond—it is the living heart of Şanlıurfa’s heritage. Here, tangible and intangible history meet in the sparkling reflection of carp and minarets. Every year, tens of thousands of people come to witness this convergence of faith and folklore. For pilgrims, it is a hallowed landmark where the divine succor of Abraham is remembered. For travelers and scholars, it is an exceptional case of a religious legend anchored firmly in a single place. Balıklıgöl offers a rare blend: one can stroll among architectural splendors of bygone empires while contemplating one of history’s great miracles. Its quiet waters and vigilant fish stand as enduring symbols of mercy and tradition.

Whether one approaches Balıklıgöl as seeker or sightseer, the experience is unforgettable. As you leave through the ornate stone arch of the park, take a last look at the carp in the golden light and imagine the ancient flames turned to water. In that moment you stand connected to millennia of story and devotion. Balıklıgöl’s gentle waves and ancient stones have held these stories steady, generation after generation, a fitting testament to a miracle that still lives on in this timeless Pool of Abraham.