{"id":2554,"date":"2024-08-15T10:42:08","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T10:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/staging\/?p=2554"},"modified":"2026-02-25T23:42:40","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T23:42:40","slug":"pekinin-merkezindeki-yasak-sehir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/magazine\/tourist-attractions\/the-forbidden-city-in-the-center-of-beijing\/","title":{"rendered":"Pekin'in Merkezindeki Yasak \u015eehir"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Yasak \u015eehir<\/strong> (Yasak \u015eehir, Zijincheng<\/em>Pekin'in kalbinde yer alan devasa eski imparatorluk saray\u0131, 500 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre (1420-1924) \u00c7in'in siyasi ve t\u00f6ren merkezi olarak hizmet vermi\u015f ve Ming (\u660e) ve Qing (\u6e05) hanedanlar\u0131n\u0131n 24 imparatoruna ev sahipli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 10 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki duvarlar ve 52 metre geni\u015fli\u011findeki hendekle \u00e7evrili bu 72 hektarl\u0131k kompleks, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Saray M\u00fczesi ve UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Alan\u0131'd\u0131r. \u00c7incede ayr\u0131ca \"Maori Saray\u0131\" olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00f9g\u014dng<\/em> Yasak \u015eehir, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck korunmu\u015f antik saray kompleksidir ve imparatorluk mimarisi ve sembolizmini b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yasak \u015eehir, 24 imparatorun ikametgah\u0131 olmu\u015f ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 10.000 oday\u0131 (geleneksel olarak 9.999 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenir) i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>Biliyor musun?
<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nemli bilgiler: \u2013 \u0130kametgah:<\/strong> 14 Ming ve 10 Qing imparatorunun (1420\u20131912, \u201cG\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn O\u011flu\u201d) yurdu.
\u2013 Boyut:<\/strong> ~72 hektar (178 d\u00f6n\u00fcm), 961\u00d7753 m (3152\u00d72470 ft).
\u2013 Yap\u0131:<\/strong> 90'dan fazla avlu kompleksinde yer alan 98 b\u00fcy\u00fck bina, yakla\u015f\u0131k 8.800 i\u00e7 oda (art\u0131 hazineler).
\u2013 Bug\u00fcn:<\/strong> UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 listesinde yer alan (1987'de tescil edildi) ve Pekin'deki Saray M\u00fczesi, hanedanl\u0131k sanat\u0131n\u0131 sergiliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yasak \u015eehrin Tarihi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Yasak \u015eehrin tarihi, \u0130mparator ile ba\u015flad\u0131. Yongle<\/em> Ming Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131'ndan (\u6731\u68e3) ba\u015fkenti Nanjing'den Pekin'e ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. 1406'da in\u015faat\u0131n\u0131 emretti ve 14 y\u0131l (1406-1420) boyunca bir i\u015f\u00e7i grubu... yakla\u015f\u0131k bir milyon i\u015f\u00e7i ve 100.000 zanaatkar<\/strong> Saray\u0131 in\u015fa ettiler. Malzemeler \u00c7in'in d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131; hatta k\u0131\u015f\u0131n yollar bile buzla kapland\u0131, b\u00f6ylece a\u011f\u0131r k\u00fct\u00fckler ve ta\u015flar buz \u00fczerinde kayd\u0131r\u0131labildi. Efsaneye g\u00f6re, be\u015f devasa bronz su f\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 (her biri 4 ton) ate\u015f yakmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere teknelerle \u015fehre getirildi. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6zel \u201calt\u0131n tu\u011flalar\u201d<\/em> Saray zeminleri i\u00e7in Suzhou kilinden pi\u015firilmi\u015f ve \u00e7ok de\u011ferliydiler. Phoebe Zhennan<\/em> Ana direkler i\u00e7in ah\u015fap (\u6968\u6960) kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • 1420:<\/strong> \u0130n\u015faat tamamland\u0131 ve Yongle \u0130mparatoru yerle\u015fti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1420\u20131644 (Ming):<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir, Ming Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n imparatorluk kalbidir. Matteo Ricci, 1601 y\u0131l\u0131nda imparatorun konu\u011fu olarak \u015fehre girdi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1644 (Qing hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131yor):<\/strong> Man\u00e7u kuvvetleri Pekin'i i\u015fgal etti; yeni Qing h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 ilk tahta \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f t\u00f6renlerini burada ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdiler. Saray\u0131n Ming d\u00f6nemine ait tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde korudular, sadece binalar\u0131n isimlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdiler (\u00f6rne\u011fin \u592a\u548c\u6bbf). \u0130mparatorluk \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Salonu<\/em> \u2192 Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu<\/em>\u00c7ing hanedan\u0131 imparatorlar\u0131 ve imparatori\u00e7e e\u015fleri 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar burada ya\u015fad\u0131lar ve h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fcler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1900\u20131901 (Yabanc\u0131 \u0130\u015fgal):<\/strong> Boxer \u0130syan\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130mparatori\u00e7e Dowager Cixi, 1901 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yabanc\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin i\u015fgali alt\u0131nda kalan Yasak \u015eehir'den ge\u00e7ici olarak ka\u00e7t\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1912:<\/strong> Son imparator Puyi tahttan feragat ederek binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k imparatorluk y\u00f6netimini sona erdirdi. Bir anla\u015fma Puyi'nin \u0130\u00e7 Saray'da kalmas\u0131na izin verdi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1924:<\/strong> Sava\u015f a\u011fas\u0131 Feng Yuxiang, Puyi'yi saraydan kovdu. Ekim 1925'te bu alan, bir t\u00fcrbeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Saray M\u00fczesi<\/strong>Halka a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1933\u201345:<\/strong> Japonya \u00c7in'i i\u015fgal etti\u011finde, on binlerce tarihi eser Pekin'den Si\u00e7uan'a tahliye edildi; Yasak \u015eehir'in kendisi de Japon birlikleri taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edildi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1966\u20131971:<\/strong> K\u00fclt\u00fcr Devrimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck hasar k\u0131l pay\u0131 \u00f6nlendi. Ba\u015fbakan Zhou Enlai, b\u00f6lgeyi korumak i\u00e7in birlikler g\u00f6revlendirdi ve kap\u0131lar\u0131 m\u00fch\u00fcrleyerek K\u0131z\u0131l Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131n saraylar\u0131 y\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 engelledi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1987:<\/strong> UNESCO, Pekin ve Shenyang'daki Ming ve Qing Hanedanl\u0131klar\u0131na ait \u0130mparatorluk Saraylar\u0131 olan Yasak \u015eehri, \"\u00c7in medeniyetine paha bi\u00e7ilmez bir tan\u0131kl\u0131k\" olarak nitelendirerek D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi'ne dahil etti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 2005\u2013g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz:<\/strong> Saray M\u00fczesi, kompleksin son iki y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck restorasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenerek, binalar\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak 1912 \u00f6ncesi haline geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u0130n\u015faat Harikas\u0131:<\/strong> \u00dczerinde 14 y\u0131l (1406\u20131420)<\/strong> neredeyse 1,1 milyon i\u015f\u00e7i<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir'i in\u015fa ettiler. Devasa hendek elle kaz\u0131ld\u0131 ve duvarlar (7,9 m y\u00fcksekli\u011finde, 8,62 m taban geni\u015fli\u011finde) \u00fc\u00e7 kat tu\u011fla kaplamal\u0131 ve pirin\u00e7 ve yumurta ak\u0131 harc\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f toprak \u00e7ekirdekler kullan\u0131larak in\u015fa edildi. T\u00fcm bu \u00e7aba imparatorun h\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131yor: Efsaneye g\u00f6re sarayda 9.999 oda var \u2013 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 olan 10.000'den bir eksik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"YASAK<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Konum ve D\u00fczen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Co\u011frafi olarak Yasak \u015eehir, Pekin'in tarihi \u015fehir plan\u0131n\u0131n tam merkezinde<\/strong>\u015eehrin ana caddesi boyunca uzanmaktad\u0131r. kuzey-g\u00fcney ekseni<\/strong>G\u00fcneydeki Yongding Kap\u0131s\u0131'ndan ba\u015flayarak, Tiananmen (bir sonraki kap\u0131) ve Yasak \u015eehir'den ge\u00e7erek, Jingshan Park\u0131'n\u0131 da a\u015farak kuzeye do\u011fru 7,5 km uzanan eski Davul ve \u00c7an Kuleleri'ne kadar devam eder. Dikkat \u00e7ekici bir \u015fekilde, bu eksen kuzeybat\u0131ya do\u011fru hafif\u00e7e e\u011fimlidir (~2\u00b0) \u2013 bilim insanlar\u0131 bunun \u015fu \u015fekilde hizaland\u0131\u011f\u0131na inanmaktad\u0131r: \u015eangdu<\/strong>Yuan Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7in'inin Mo\u011fol ba\u015fkenti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Saray bir kare ayak izi<\/strong> Kenarlar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 km uzunlu\u011funda. Etraf\u0131, her k\u00f6\u015fesinde g\u00f6zetleme kuleleri ve geni\u015f, su dolu bir hendekle \u00e7evrili, devasa bir tu\u011fla duvarla (7,9 m y\u00fcksekli\u011finde) ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hende\u011fin kuzeyinde, saray\u0131n topra\u011f\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilmi\u015f yapay bir tepe olan Jingshan Tepesi (\u666f\u5c71) bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0130\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131, kesin bir simetriye uymaktad\u0131r. Kompleks \u015fu b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131l\u0131r: D\u0131\u015f (\u00d6n) Saha<\/strong> Ve \u0130\u00e7 (Arka) Saha<\/strong>D\u0131\u015f Avlu g\u00fcney yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kaplar ve b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00f6ren salonlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Kuzeydeki \u0130\u00e7 Avlu ise imparator ve imparatori\u00e7enin ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yordu. T\u00fcm \u00f6nemli binalar (\u00f6zellikle ana salonlar), feng shui ve Konf\u00fc\u00e7y\u00fcs kozmolojisine uygun olarak, merkezi eksen boyunca g\u00fcneye bakar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • The \u0130mparatorluk \u015eehri<\/strong>Yasak \u015eehir'in kendisi, onu \u00e7evredeki b\u00f6lgelerden ay\u0131ran daha da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \"\u0130mparatorluk \u015eehri\" suruyla (20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131) \u00e7evriliydi. \u015eehir Merkezi<\/strong> Pekin'in. Bunun g\u00fcneyinde ise \u015funlar yer al\u0131yordu: \u015eehir D\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong> (\u015eimdiki Tiananmen Meydan\u0131), tarihsel olarak kitlesel toplant\u0131lar ve pazarlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • D\u0131\u015f Avlu ve \u0130\u00e7 Avlu:<\/strong> The Meridyen Kap\u0131s\u0131 (<\/strong>Meridyen Kap\u0131s\u0131 (W\u01d4m\u00e9n)<\/strong> G\u00fcney duvar\u0131ndan D\u0131\u015f Avlu'ya giri\u015f; kuzey duvar\u0131ndan ise... \u0130lahi Kudret Kap\u0131s\u0131 (<\/strong>Shenwu Kap\u0131s\u0131 (Shenwu Kap\u0131s\u0131)<\/strong> \u0130\u00e7 avludan imparatorluk bah\u00e7esine a\u00e7\u0131lan bir ge\u00e7it bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu ge\u00e7itler aras\u0131nda, \u00fczerinde \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck salonun yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 beyaz mermerden \u00fc\u00e7 ana teras vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Hendek ve Surlar:<\/strong> Saray\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen 52 metre geni\u015fli\u011finde bir hendek bulunmaktad\u0131r. Duvar\u0131n i\u00e7inde g\u00f6ller, bah\u00e7eler ve daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck avlular yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Yasak \u015eehir 72 hektarl\u0131k (178 d\u00f6n\u00fcm) bir alan\u0131 kaplar, bu da yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 futbol sahas\u0131na e\u015fde\u011ferdir. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 961x753 metre \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerindedir. \u00c7evreleyen duvar 7,9 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde ve etraf\u0131ndaki hendek 52 metre geni\u015fli\u011findedir.<\/p>K\u0131sa Bilgi
      <\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Bir kat plan\u0131<\/strong>Meridyen Kap\u0131s\u0131'ndan girildi\u011finde, devasa bir avlu ve Alt\u0131n Su Nehri ad\u0131 verilen yapay bir dere (be\u015f mermer k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131ndan ak\u0131yor) ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Kuzeyde, Y\u00fcce Uyum Kap\u0131s\u0131 ve y\u00fckselen teraslar \u00fczerinde \u00fc\u00e7 salon dizisi (Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu, Merkez Uyum Salonu, Uyumun Korunmas\u0131 Salonu) bulunur. Arkadaki \u0130\u00e7 Avlu, imparatorun ana ikametgah\u0131n\u0131 (G\u00f6ksel Safl\u0131k Saray\u0131) ve imparatori\u00e7enin ikametgah\u0131n\u0131 (D\u00fcnyevi Huzur Saray\u0131) i\u00e7erir; bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda e\u015fler, cariyeler ve prensler i\u00e7in ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131 bulunur. Son olarak, en kuzeyde ise... \u0130mparatorluk Bah\u00e7esi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Mimari \u015eaheserler<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Yasak \u015eehir, onlarca dikkat \u00e7ekici binay\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Merkez eksen boyunca yer alan \u00f6nemli yap\u0131lar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Meridyen Kap\u0131s\u0131 (\u5348\u95e8, W\u01d4m\u00e9n)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      G\u00f6rkemli g\u00fcney giri\u015fi. \u015eunlara sahip: be\u015f kemer<\/strong> (Be\u015f kap\u0131) be\u015f \u00e7at\u0131 ile ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Sadece imparator ortadaki kemerden ge\u00e7ebilirdi; yetkililer ve ziyaret\u00e7i el\u00e7iler d\u00f6rt yandaki kemerleri kullanmak zorundayd\u0131. Yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 38 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde (125 fit)<\/strong>Meridyen Kap\u0131s\u0131'n\u0131n g\u00f6rkemli varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve aslan benzeri yan kanatlar\u0131, imparatorluk g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve otoritesini simgeliyor. Bir zamanlar burada g\u00f6rev yapan muhaf\u0131zlar, saray\u0131n kalbine giden yolu kontrol ediyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Meridyen Kap\u0131s\u0131'n\u0131n merkez ge\u00e7idinden yaln\u0131zca imparatorun girmesine izin veriliyordu. \u0130mparatori\u00e7e bile bu kap\u0131y\u0131 sadece bir kez (d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn g\u00fcn\u00fcnde) kullanabilirdi.<\/p>\u0130mparatorluk Ayr\u0131cal\u0131\u011f\u0131
      <\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu (\u592a\u548c\u6bbf, T\u00e0ih\u00e9di\u00e0n)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      En b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en g\u00f6rkemli salon, en y\u00fcksek mermer teras\u0131n tepesinde yer al\u0131yor. t\u00f6ren merkezi<\/strong>Yeni imparatorlar burada tahta \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck rit\u00fceller (d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnler, y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6renleri) yald\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirdi. Salon, 96 metre geni\u015fli\u011finde ve 37,2 metre derinli\u011finde.<\/strong>Yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak y\u00fckseliyor. yerden 30-35 metre yukar\u0131da<\/strong>\u00c7in'de g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fan en b\u00fcy\u00fck ah\u015fap yap\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda 72 adet boyal\u0131 ah\u015fap s\u00fctun, oyma ejderhalar ve imparatorun yald\u0131zl\u0131 ejderha taht\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu'nun \u00e7ift sa\u00e7akl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131, imparatorluk sar\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131rl\u0131 kiremitlerle (imparator i\u00e7in ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f renk) kapl\u0131d\u0131r ve tepe noktas\u0131nda on s\u00fcs fig\u00fcr\u00fcyle ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (dokuzuncu ve onuncu fig\u00fcrlere \"hangshi\" ve \"hangshi\" ad\u0131 verilmi\u015f olup, benzersiz stat\u00fclerini belirtmektedir).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Merkezi Uyum Salonu (\u4e2d\u548c\u6bbf, Zh\u014dngh\u00e9di\u00e0n)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu'nun hemen kuzeyinde yer alan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, kare \u015feklinde bir k\u00f6\u015fk. \u0130mparatorun t\u00f6renler aras\u0131nda dinlenmesi ve haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir alan olarak hizmet veriyordu. Sar\u0131 kiremitli \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fctunlar\u0131yla daha b\u00fcy\u00fck salonlar\u0131 an\u0131msatan bir tasar\u0131ma sahip, ancak daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir \u00f6l\u00e7ekte. (\u0130\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bir kutsal emanet bulunmuyor, esas olarak ge\u00e7i\u015f bekleme alan\u0131 olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcyor.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Merkezi Uyum Salonu (\u4e2d\u548c\u6bbf, Zh\u014dngh\u00e9di\u00e0n)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu'nun hemen kuzeyinde yer alan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, kare \u015feklinde bir k\u00f6\u015fk. \u0130mparatorun t\u00f6renler aras\u0131nda dinlenmesi ve haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir alan olarak hizmet veriyordu. Sar\u0131 kiremitli \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fctunlar\u0131yla daha b\u00fcy\u00fck salonlar\u0131 an\u0131msatan bir tasar\u0131ma sahip, ancak daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir \u00f6l\u00e7ekte. (\u0130\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bir kutsal emanet bulunmuyor, esas olarak ge\u00e7i\u015f bekleme alan\u0131 olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcyor.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Uyumun Korunmas\u0131 Salonu'nun arkas\u0131ndaki merdiven bo\u015flu\u011funa, yakla\u015f\u0131k 16,6 metre uzunlu\u011funda ve 250 ton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, inciyle oynayan dokuz k\u0131vr\u0131ml\u0131 ejderhan\u0131n incelikle oyuldu\u011fu tek bir mermer levha yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Yasak \u015eehir'deki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015f heykel olan bu eser, 70 km uzakl\u0131ktaki bir ocaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve 20.000 adam taraf\u0131ndan yerine ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mparatorluk cezas\u0131 alt\u0131nda olan hi\u00e7 kimse bu kutsal oymaya dokunamazd\u0131.<\/p>M\u00fchendislik Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131
      <\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Cennetsel Safl\u0131k Saray\u0131 (\u4e7e\u6e05\u5bab, Qi\u00e1nq\u012bngg\u014dng)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u0130\u00e7 avludaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck bina olup, imparatorun ana ikametgah\u0131 ve kabul salonu olarak hizmet vermi\u015ftir. 1420'de in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ve 1798'de yeniden in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olup, ad\u0131 \u015fu anlamlara gelmektedir: Qian<\/em> \u0130 Ching'in \u00fc\u00e7gen sembol\u00fc (\u2630, Cennet) ile s\u00fcslenmi\u015f olan bu yap\u0131n\u0131n ana salonu, daha sonraki hanedanl\u0131klarda daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 mekanlara ta\u015f\u0131nmadan \u00f6nce, erken Ming ve Qing imparatorlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan devlet i\u015fleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mparator Qianlong burada ya\u015fl\u0131lar i\u00e7in ziyafetler (\u4e0a\u5bff\u5bb4) bile d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn burada tahta \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f levhas\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r ve kraliyet ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n atmosferini korumaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      D\u00fcnyevi Huzur Salonu (\u5764\u5b81\u5bab, K\u016bnn\u00edngg\u014dng)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Aslen imparatori\u00e7enin ana ikametgah\u0131 olan bu yap\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131, Ne zaman<\/em> Trigram (\u2637, Toprak). Biraz farkl\u0131 mimari tarz\u0131yla (Man\u00e7u etkisini ve imparatori\u00e7e annelerinin ki\u015fisel zevklerini yans\u0131tan) benzersiz olan bu yap\u0131, imparatori\u00e7enin cariyelerini kabul etti\u011fi ve imparatorluk d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdi. \u00d6zellikle, suyun ate\u015fi s\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc simgelemek i\u00e7in (sar\u0131 yerine) siyah kiremitli tek bina olmas\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7ekiyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0130mparatorluk Bah\u00e7esi (\u5fa1\u82b1\u56ed, Y\u00f9hu\u0101yu\u00e1n)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Kompleksin kuzey ucunda, 1417 y\u0131l\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f 1,2 hektarl\u0131k bir zevk bah\u00e7esi yer almaktad\u0131r. Kompleksin geri kalan\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131 simetrisinden ayr\u0131lan bu bah\u00e7e, eski \u00e7am a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, kaya bah\u00e7eleri, bal\u0131k havuzlar\u0131 ve k\u0131vr\u0131ml\u0131 yollarla dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. D\u00f6rt k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sekizgen k\u00f6\u015fk (her biri bir mevsime g\u00f6re adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r) manzara izleme noktalar\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130mparatorluk ailesinin \u00f6zel inziva yeri olarak tasarlanan bu bah\u00e7e, dinlenme, tefekk\u00fcr ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck rit\u00fceller i\u00e7in bir mekand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      K\u00f6\u015fe Kuleleri (\u89d2\u697c, Ji\u01ceol\u00f3u)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      D\u00f6rt k\u00f6\u015fenin her birinde, enfes bir tasar\u0131ma sahip \u00e7ok katl\u0131 birer g\u00f6zetleme kulesi y\u00fckseliyor. Her kulenin dokuz b\u00f6lmeli bir \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 var. 72 s\u00fcs \u00e7at\u0131 s\u0131rt\u0131<\/strong> \u2013 \u00c7in kozmolojisinde ve saray geleneklerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a tekrarlanan 72 motifine bir g\u00f6nderme. Efsaneye g\u00f6re, zanaatkarlar\u0131n usta bir mimar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. Lu Ban<\/em> Yenileme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan bu karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131lar\u0131 yeniden bir araya getirmek, onlar\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde olup, kompleksin en y\u00fcksek salonudur. Bu salon ve di\u011fer ana salonlar, Song Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemine ait ve r\u00fctbeye g\u00f6re \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri ve s\u00fcslemeleri belirleyen Yingzao Fashi (\u5b8b\u4ee3\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f) adl\u0131 el kitab\u0131ndan al\u0131nan kat\u0131 yap\u0131 kurallar\u0131na uymaktad\u0131r. Yasak \u015eehrin eksen hizalamas\u0131, \u00e7at\u0131 renkleri ve dekoratif motifleri (ejderhalar ve anka ku\u015flar\u0131) kesin bir g\u00fc\u00e7 hiyerar\u015fisini yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>Mimari Harika
      <\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n


      \"YASAK<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Sembolizm ve Tasar\u0131m Felsefesi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Yasak \u015eehrin tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n her y\u00f6n\u00fc sembolizmle doludur. K\u00f6keni \u015funlara dayanmaktad\u0131r: Taoist kozmoloji ve Konf\u00fc\u00e7y\u00fcs hiyerar\u015fisi<\/strong>Saray\u0131n d\u00fczeni ve dekorasyonu, imparatorun ilahi emrini ve kozmik d\u00fczeni ilan eder. Saray\u0131n tamam\u0131 antik d\u00f6neme ait mimari tarza uymaktad\u0131r. Yingzao Fashi<\/em> Yap\u0131 standartlar\u0131. T\u00fcm ana salonlar kuzey-g\u00fcney merkez ekseni (Cennet ekseni) \u00fczerinde yer al\u0131r ve \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fcne\u015fi ve Qian (Cennet) \u00fc\u00e7genini onurland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in g\u00fcneye bakar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Say\u0131lar ve renkler: Say\u0131 9<\/strong> Her yerde bulunur ve imparatoru sembolize eder. Geleneksel rivayetlere g\u00f6re, bunlardan birka\u00e7 tane vard\u0131r. 9.999 oda<\/strong>On binden bir eksik (cennetin say\u0131s\u0131z say\u0131s\u0131). Sekiz say\u0131s\u0131 da, g\u00f6ksel say\u0131ya sayg\u0131dan dolay\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck imparatorluk yap\u0131lar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7at\u0131lar ise... imparatorluk sar\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> S\u0131rl\u0131 \u00e7iniler \u2013 yaln\u0131zca imparatorun saraylar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 duvarlar ve s\u00fctunlar (vermilyon), ne\u015feyi, refah\u0131 ve iyi \u015fans\u0131 simgeler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Mitolojik motifler: Ejderhalar (\u9f8d) ve anka ku\u015flar\u0131 (\u9cf3) kiri\u015fleri, s\u00fctunlar\u0131 ve ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fini s\u00fcsler. Ejderha (\u00e7o\u011funlukla be\u015f pen\u00e7eli) imparatorun amblemidir; anka ku\u015fu ise imparatori\u00e7eyi ve yin enerjisini temsil eder. Birlikte imparatorun otoritesini ve dengesini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu<\/em> Yap\u0131n\u0131n boyal\u0131 kiri\u015flerinde ve \u00fc\u00e7 katl\u0131 mermer platform basamaklar\u0131nda (d\u00f6rt taraf\u0131nda da ejderha motifleri) imparatorluk g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc simgeleyen ejderha motifleri bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Mek\u00e2nsal sembolizm: Yasak \u015eehir bilin\u00e7li olarak bir \u201cminyat\u00fcr saray\u201d<\/strong> Kozmik d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f avlusu (g\u00fcney yar\u0131s\u0131), yang enerjisini vurgulayan \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc gruplar halinde (cennet i\u00e7in Qian \u2630 trigram\u0131) d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir \u2013 \u00fc\u00e7 kap\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 ana salon. \u0130\u00e7 avlu (kuzey yar\u0131s\u0131) ise yin enerjilerini ve ev ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tan alt\u0131l\u0131 gruplar halinde (d\u00fcnya ve kad\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7in Kun \u2637 trigram\u0131) d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f yap\u0131lara sahiptir. Asl\u0131nda, imparatorun e\u015fleri, ast, d\u00fcnyevi rollerini simgeleyen Kun d\u00fczeninde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f alt\u0131 bat\u0131 kompleksinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Sembol<\/strong><\/td>\u0130mparatorluk Anlam\u0131<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
      Say\u0131 9<\/strong><\/td>En b\u00fcy\u00fck tek basamakl\u0131 say\u0131; imparatoru sembolize eder. Saray\u0131n rivayete g\u00f6re 9.999 odas\u0131 (cennetteki 10.000 odadan bir eksik) imparatorun g\u00f6ksel ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 vurgular.<\/td><\/tr>
      Sar\u0131<\/strong> \u00e7at\u0131<\/td>\u0130mparatorun rengi (evrenin merkezi). Saray \u00e7at\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131 sar\u0131 s\u0131rl\u0131 kiremitlerle kapl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td><\/tr>
      K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131<\/strong> duvarlar<\/td>U\u011furlu ve koruyucu; mutlulu\u011fu, refah\u0131 ve iyi \u015fans\u0131 simgeler.<\/td><\/tr>
      Ejderha (\u9f8d)<\/strong><\/td>G\u00fc\u00e7, kuvvet ve erkek imparator. Ejderha motifleri (\u00f6zellikle be\u015f pen\u00e7eli olanlar) \u00e7at\u0131larda, tahtlarda ve rit\u00fcel nesnelerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/td><\/tr>
      Phoenix (\u9cf3)<\/strong><\/td>Y\u00fcksek erdem ve di\u015fi imparatori\u00e7e. Genellikle uyumu ve yin-yang dengesini temsil eden ejderha ile birlikte g\u00f6sterilir.<\/td><\/tr>
      Trigramlar \u2630 (Qian)<\/strong><\/td>Cennet, eril enerji. D\u0131\u015f (t\u00f6rensel) avludaki \u00fc\u00e7 salondan olu\u015fan gruplarda yans\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/td><\/tr>
      Trigramlar \u2637 (Ne zaman)<\/strong><\/td>Toprak, di\u015fil enerji. Bu, alt\u0131 binadan olu\u015fan gruplarda (i\u00e7 avlunun cariyeleri i\u00e7in) ve \u0130\u00e7 Avlu d\u00fczeninde yans\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Yasak \u015eehir'in ad\u0131 bile, Zijin Cheng (\u7d2b\u7981\u57ce) \u2013 Mor Yasak \u015eehir \u2013 y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 Cennet'e (Ye\u015fim \u0130mparatoru'nun ikametgah\u0131 olan Kuzey Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 Ziwei \u7d2b\u5fae) ve s\u0131radan insanlar\u0131n i\u00e7eri girmesinin kesinlikle yasaklanmas\u0131na i\u015faret eder. Saraydaki her say\u0131sal ve renk se\u00e7imi \u2013 Zihinsel Geli\u015fim Salonu'ndaki (\u517b\u5fc3\u6bbf) dokuz \u00e7at\u0131dan, Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu'ndaki on tepe s\u00fcs\u00fcne kadar \u2013 buran\u0131n imparatorun yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki ikametgah\u0131, cennetin bir mikrokozmosu oldu\u011funu peki\u015ftirir.<\/p>Sembolik Tasar\u0131m
      <\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u0130n\u015faat ve M\u00fchendislik<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Yasak \u015eehrin in\u015fas\u0131 muazzam bir m\u00fchendislik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. \u00c7in tarihi kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda \u015fu ifadeler yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • \u0130\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc:<\/strong> ~1,100,000<\/strong> 14 y\u0131l boyunca insanlar (askerler, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, zanaatkarlar) seferber edildi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Mermer ve Ah\u015fap:<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck keresteler (\u00f6rne\u011fin de\u011ferli nanmu) Anka a\u011fac\u0131<\/em> G\u00fcney \u00c7in'den gelen keresteler uzun mesafeler boyunca ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131yordu. K\u0131\u015f\u0131n yollar sular alt\u0131nda kal\u0131yor ve buzlan\u0131yordu, b\u00f6ylece kereste ve mermer y\u00fckl\u00fc kamyonlar Pekin'e kayd\u0131r\u0131labiliyordu. \u00dcnl\u00fc 250 tonluk ejderha heykeli, Fangshan oca\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6k\u00fcz arabalar\u0131, halatlar ve insan g\u00fcc\u00fc kullan\u0131larak 70 km boyunca ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Tu\u011fla ve Kiremit:<\/strong> Saray\u0131n zeminlerinde Suzhou'dan getirilen kil ve kire\u00e7ten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6zel \"alt\u0131n tu\u011flalar\" (\u9ad8\u5e73\u77f3\u7816) kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7at\u0131 kiremitleri ve duvarlar titizlikle s\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ah\u015fap birle\u015ftirmeler klasik standartlara (z\u0131vana ve ge\u00e7me ba\u011flant\u0131lar) uygun olarak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7iviye gerek duyulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Duvarlar:<\/strong> D\u0131\u015f duvarlar \u015funlara sahiptir: s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f toprak<\/strong> \u0130\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 sa\u011flam, her y\u00fcz\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 kat pi\u015fmi\u015f tu\u011fla ile kapl\u0131d\u0131r. Har\u00e7, yap\u0131\u015fkan pirin\u00e7 ve yumurta ak\u0131 ile zenginle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Duvarlar tabanda 8,62 m geni\u015fli\u011finde olup, \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mda 6,66 m'ye kadar daralmaktad\u0131r; bu da onlar\u0131 depremlere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve t\u0131rman\u0131lamaz hale getirmektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Hendek ve Drenaj:<\/strong> Saray hende\u011finin suyu, yak\u0131ndaki g\u00f6llerden geliyordu ve zekice tasarlanm\u0131\u015f drenaj kanallar\u0131yla kontrol ediliyordu. Ejderha a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131na gizlenmi\u015f drenaj delikleri, ya\u011fmur suyunu saray teraslar\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yordu. Mermerin alt\u0131nda bulunan 15 katmanl\u0131 (toprak ve \u00e7ak\u0131l) d\u00f6\u015feme sistemi, kimsenin saraya t\u00fcnel kazarak girememesini sa\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Yang\u0131n G\u00fcvenli\u011fi:<\/strong> Acil bir \u00f6nlem olarak, 308 devasa bronz su tank\u0131<\/strong> (Her biri yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 ton su alabilen) bu yald\u0131zl\u0131 f\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar avlulara ve kap\u0131lar\u0131n arkas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fti. Sarayda yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda bu f\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar haz\u0131r bekliyordu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Restorasyon Malzemeleri:<\/strong> G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde restorasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda tarihi malzemeler (\u00f6rne\u011fin elle d\u00f6\u015fenmi\u015f \u00e7iniler, kire\u00e7 harc\u0131) ve hatta IBM taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen 3 boyutlu sanal model kullan\u0131larak saray belgelenmektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Yasak \u015eehrin surlar\u0131, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f toprak bir \u00e7ekirdek ve \u00fc\u00e7 kat f\u0131r\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f tu\u011fladan (\u00f6n ve arka) in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olup, hem sa\u011flam hem de yal\u0131t\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca bu surlarda \u00e7ok az de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131, Ming m\u00fchendislerinin becerisinin bir kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>Yap\u0131sal Ger\u00e7ek
        <\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        Elde edilen i\u015f\u00e7ilik ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc. \u00d6rne\u011fin, alt\u0131n tu\u011flalar<\/strong> T\u00f6ren salonlar\u0131n\u0131 kaplayan ah\u015fap kiri\u015fler, p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz, yank\u0131l\u0131 sesleri ve sertlikleriyle \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ah\u015fap kiri\u015fler, alt\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca neredeyse hi\u00e7 bozulmadan ayakta kalm\u0131\u015f devasa nanmu a\u011fac\u0131 k\u00fct\u00fckleridir. Genel olarak, Ming ve Qing hanedanlar\u0131n\u0131n mimarlar\u0131 ve zanaatkarlar\u0131, pratik m\u00fchendisli\u011fi rit\u00fcel gereksinimleriyle birle\u015ftirerek, hem yap\u0131sal olarak sa\u011flam hem de anlam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin bir kompleks ortaya koymu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"YASAK<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        Temel Bilgiler ve \u0130statistikler<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \u00d6zellik<\/strong><\/td>Detay<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
        Alan<\/strong><\/td>72 hektar (178 d\u00f6n\u00fcm)<\/td><\/tr>
        Genel Boyutlar<\/strong><\/td>961 m \u00d7 753 m (3.152 \u00d7 2.470 ft)<\/td><\/tr>
        Bina Kat Alan\u0131<\/strong><\/td>724.250 m\u00b2 (7.787.500 ft\u00b2)<\/td><\/tr>
        Bina Say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/td>98 (ana salonlar ve pavyonlar)<\/td><\/tr>
        Yakla\u015f\u0131k Oda Say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/td>~8.886 (geleneksel rivayete g\u00f6re: 9.999)<\/td><\/tr>
        \u00c7evreleyen Duvar Y\u00fcksekli\u011fi<\/strong><\/td>7,9 m (26 ft)<\/td><\/tr>
        Hendek<\/strong><\/td>52 metre geni\u015fli\u011finde, 6 metre derinli\u011finde<\/td><\/tr>
        \u0130n\u015faat S\u00fcresi<\/strong><\/td>1406\u20131420 (14 y\u0131l)<\/td><\/tr>
        \u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc<\/strong><\/td>~1.100.000 ki\u015fi (100.000 zanaatkar dahil)<\/td><\/tr>
        \u0130mparatorlar<\/strong><\/td>Toplam 24 (14 Ming, 10 Qing)<\/td><\/tr>
        D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131<\/strong><\/td>UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi'ne 1987'de dahil edilmi\u015ftir.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        Bu rakamlar Yasak \u015eehrin muazzam \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Bug\u00fcn, Saray M\u00fczesi olarak her y\u0131l milyonlarca ziyaret\u00e7i \u00e7eken, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00e7ok ziyaret edilen tarihi yerlerinden biri olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir nedir?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir, 15. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ve Pekin'in merkezinde bulunan eski \u00c7in imparatorluk saray\u0131d\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 500 y\u0131l boyunca Ming ve Qing hanedanlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netim merkezi olmu\u015f ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Saray M\u00fczesi ve UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Alan\u0131 olarak hizmet vermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Neden Yasak \u015eehir deniyor?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> \u00c7incede bu Zijin Cheng<\/em> (Yasak \u015eehir), kelimenin tam anlam\u0131yla \"Mor Yasak \u015eehir\". Zi (mor)<\/em> Kuzey Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131'na (g\u00f6ksel imparator) at\u0131fta bulunur ve jin (yasaklanm\u0131\u015f)<\/em> Bu, s\u0131radan insanlar\u0131n imparatorluk b\u00f6lgesine girmesinin yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyordu. Eski kanun, izinsiz giri\u015fi \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 gerektiren bir su\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir nerede bulunuyor?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> Pekin'in eski \u015fehrinin tam merkezinde, ana kuzey-g\u00fcney ekseni \u00fczerinde yer almaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcney kap\u0131s\u0131 Tiananmen Meydan\u0131'na ve (Yongding Kap\u0131s\u0131'na giden) ana caddeye bakarken, kuzeye do\u011fru Jingshan Park\u0131'na bakmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir'de ka\u00e7 oda var?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> Modern say\u0131mlara g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 8.886 oda<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir'de. Ancak geleneksel anlat\u0131mlar, 9999 (g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131) art\u0131 bir \"yar\u0131m\" oda olmak \u00fczere toplam 9999\u00bd oldu\u011funu iddia eder. \"9999\" efsanesi, imparatorun g\u00f6ksel m\u00fckemmelli\u011fe \u00e7ok yak\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vurgular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehri kim in\u015fa etti ve ne zaman?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> \u0130n\u015faat, Ming Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130mparatoru Yongle taraf\u0131ndan emredildi. 1406'da ba\u015flayan in\u015faat, yakla\u015f\u0131k 14 y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc ve bir milyondan fazla i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla 1420'de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tamamland\u0131. \u0130mparator daha sonra Pekin'i imparatorlu\u011fun ba\u015fkenti yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu nedir?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu (Taidian<\/em>(Burada), Yasak \u015eehir'deki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131d\u0131r. 64x37 metre boyutlar\u0131nda ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde olan bu yap\u0131, ta\u00e7 giyme t\u00f6renleri ve Yeni Y\u0131l rit\u00fcelleri gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck imparatorluk t\u00f6renleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7in'deki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ah\u015fap saray salonu<\/strong>Alt\u0131n ve ejderha motifleriyle zengin bir \u015fekilde s\u00fcslenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir neden UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi'nde yer al\u0131yor?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> UNESCO, 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda buray\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011feri gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6stererek Ming ve Qing \u0130mparatorluk Saray\u0131 kompleksi olarak tescil etti. Yasak \u015eehir, \"\u00c7in saray mimarisinin bir ba\u015fyap\u0131t\u0131\" ve o hanedanl\u0131klar d\u00f6nemindeki \"\u00c7in medeniyetine paha bi\u00e7ilmez bir tan\u0131kl\u0131k\"t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Binalar\u0131n renkleri ve numaralar\u0131 neyi sembolize ediyor?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> \u00c7in gelene\u011finde, sar\u0131<\/strong> \u0130mparatorun rengi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in neredeyse her \u00e7at\u0131 sar\u0131 s\u0131rl\u0131 kiremitle kapl\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131<\/strong> Duvarlar ve s\u00fctunlar refah\u0131 ve iyi \u015fans\u0131 simgeler. Bir\u00e7ok unsurda bu say\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 9<\/strong>\u00d6rne\u011fin, Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu'nun dokuz b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc vard\u0131r ve saray\u0131n 9999 odas\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenir. Avlular\u0131n ve salonlar\u0131n d\u00fczeninde \u2630 (G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, 3 \u00e7izgi) ve \u2637 (D\u00fcnya, 6 \u00e7izgi) \u00fc\u00e7gen sembolleri yer al\u0131r ve bu da kozmik d\u00fczeni yans\u0131t\u0131r (d\u0131\u015f avlu = G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, i\u00e7 avlu = D\u00fcnya).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Ziyaret\u00e7iler bug\u00fcn Yasak \u015eehir'i gezebilirler mi?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> Evet. Yasak \u015eehir art\u0131k Saray M\u00fczesi olarak hizmet veriyor ve Pazartesi hari\u00e7 her g\u00fcn halka a\u00e7\u0131k. Ziyaret\u00e7iler avlular\u0131n ve salonlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu gezebilir; baz\u0131 binalarda imparatorluk eserlerinin sergilendi\u011fi m\u00fcze b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. (Baz\u0131 alanlarda foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekmek yasakt\u0131r.) Biletler belirli saatlerde sat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve \u00f6nceden t\u00fckenmektedir. \u0130ngilizce rehberler ve haritalar, Meridyen Kap\u0131s\u0131 ve Y\u00fcce Uyum Salonu gibi \u00f6nemli salonlar\u0131 vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Q:<\/strong> Yasak \u015eehir turu ne kadar s\u00fcrer?<\/em>
        A:<\/strong> Ba\u015fl\u0131ca turistik yerleri g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in en az \u015fu kadar zaman ay\u0131r\u0131n. 3-4 saat<\/strong>E\u011fer iyice ke\u015ffederseniz, 7 km'den fazla saray yolu boyunca y\u00fcr\u00fcyebilirsiniz. Yo\u011fun g\u00fcnlerde kalabal\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik kuyruklar\u0131 ilerlemeyi yava\u015flatabilir. Erken gelmeniz, rahat ayakkab\u0131lar giymeniz ve belki de D\u0131\u015f Avlu'nun \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck salonuna ve \u0130\u00e7 Avlu'nun ana saraylar\u0131na ve bah\u00e7esine odaklanman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca Pekin'deki Yasak \u015eehir (\u7d2b\u7981\u57ce, Zijinchen), \u00c7in imparatorlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rkemli ikametgah\u0131 olarak hizmet verdi. Ba\u015fkentin kalbinde 72 hektarl\u0131k bir alan\u0131 kaplayan bu geni\u015f surlarla \u00e7evrili kompleks, Ming ve Qing hanedanlar\u0131n\u0131n 24 imparatoruna ev sahipli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015f ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 9.000 oday\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Alt\u0131n yald\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131 kiremitleri ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 duvarlar\u0131, imparatorluk sembolizmini ve feng shui prensiplerini yans\u0131t\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Alan\u0131 ve Saray M\u00fczesi olan Yasak \u015eehir, \u00c7in'in imparatorluk miras\u0131na ve mimari dehas\u0131na canl\u0131 bir kan\u0131t olarak kalmaktad\u0131r. Ziyaret\u00e7iler, bu antik \u015fehir i\u00e7indeki \u015fehrin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve sanat\u0131na hayran kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5347,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15,5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2554","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tourist-attractions","8":"category-magazine"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2554\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}