{"id":9629,"date":"2024-09-08T20:15:04","date_gmt":"2024-09-08T20:15:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/staging\/?page_id=9629"},"modified":"2026-03-13T22:57:27","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T22:57:27","slug":"kiribati","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/destinations\/australia-and-oceania\/kiribati\/","title":{"rendered":"Kiribati"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Resmen Kiribati Cumhuriyeti olan Kiribati, Okyanusya&#039;n\u0131n Mikronezya alt b\u00f6lgesinde yer almaktad\u0131r. 2020 say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re Kiribati&#039;nin n\u00fcfusu 119.000&#039;dir; bunlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 Tarawa atol\u00fc&#039;nde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. 32 atol\u00fc ve bir izole y\u00fcksek mercan adas\u0131 olan Banaba&#039;y\u0131 kapsayan \u00fclke, 811 kilometrekare (313 mil kare) b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir tak\u0131madad\u0131r. Olduk\u00e7a k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kara k\u00fctlesine sahip olan Kiribati, 3.441.810 kilometrekare (1.328.890 mil kare) b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir okyanus alan\u0131n\u0131 kaplamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnyada d\u00f6rt yar\u0131m k\u00fcrede de bulunan tek \u00fclke olan Kiribati&#039;nin -Kuzey, G\u00fcney, Bat\u0131 ve Do\u011fu- kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir topografik fark\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu, 180. meridyen ve ekvatora yay\u0131lmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Kiribati&#039;nin etraf\u0131nda al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k bir \u015fekilde d\u00f6nen Uluslararas\u0131 Tarih \u00c7izgisi, do\u011fuya do\u011fru neredeyse 150\u00b0B&#039;ye kadar uzun bir yolculuk yapar. Kiribati&#039;nin en do\u011fudaki adalar\u0131 olan G\u00fcney \u00c7izgi Adalar\u0131, Gilbert Adalar\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 zaman diliminde olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in UTC+14&#039;te her yeni g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ilk g\u00f6renler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kiribati, 1979&#039;da Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k&#039;tan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlet oldu. Ge\u00e7it yollar\u0131yla birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da adac\u0131ktan olu\u015fan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir South Tarawa, Tarawa Atol\u00fc&#039;ndeki en yo\u011fun n\u00fcfuslu yerdir. Fosfat ihracat\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131ktan \u00f6nce Kiribati&#039;nin ekonomisine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu, ancak bu kaynaklar yeni t\u00fckendi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ekonomi \u00e7o\u011funlukla bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ve kopra ihracat\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; bu \u00fclke d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerinden biri oldu\u011fundan uluslararas\u0131 yard\u0131m olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p>Kiribati&#039;nin aktif olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler aras\u0131nda Pasifik Toplulu\u011fu, Milletler Toplulu\u011fu, Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu, D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 ve Afrika, Karayipler ve Pasifik Devletleri \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r. 1999&#039;da tam BM \u00fcyesi oldu. Kiribati, bir ada \u00fclkesi olarak tsunamilerin ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zellikle hassast\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Ada Devletleri \u0130ttifak\u0131&#039;n\u0131n bir \u00fcyesi olarak, diplomatik stratejisi \u00e7o\u011funlukla bu engelleri a\u015fmak \u00fczerine d\u00f6nmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7 biti\u015fik olmayan geleneksel co\u011frafi alt b\u00f6lge, \u00fclkenin b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fcnhas\u0131r ekonomik b\u00f6lgesini (MEB) olu\u015fturur: Banaba (Melanezya-Mikronezya alan\u0131), Gilbert Adalar\u0131 (Mikronezya) ve Line ve Phoenix Adalar\u0131 (Polinezya). Ada topluluklar\u0131 \u015funlardan olu\u015fur:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Banaba: Nauru ile Gilbert Adalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda izole bir ada.<\/li>\n<li>Gilbert Adalar\u0131: Fiji&#039;nin yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.500 kilometre (932 mil) kuzeyinde bulunan 16 atolden olu\u015fur.<\/li>\n<li>Phoenix Adalar\u0131: Gilbert Adalar\u0131&#039;n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.800 kilometre (1.118 mil) g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda bulunan 8 atol ve mercan adas\u0131ndan olu\u015fur.<\/li>\n<li>Line Adalar\u0131: Gilbert Adalar\u0131&#039;n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 3.300 kilometre (2.051 mil) do\u011fusunda yer alan, 8 atol ve bir resiften olu\u015fan adad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tarawa&#039;n\u0131n Bonriki Uluslararas\u0131 Havaalan\u0131&#039;nda bulunan Air Kiribati ve Coral Sun Airways \u00e7o\u011funlukla Kiribati&#039;ye y\u00f6nelik i\u00e7 hat hava seyahatlerini y\u00f6netir. Banaba ve Phoenix Adalar\u0131 bu ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan hizmet verilmese de, bu havayollar\u0131 Gilbert ve Line Adalar\u0131&#039;ndaki birka\u00e7 aday\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flar. Kiritimati&#039;deki Cassidy Uluslararas\u0131 Havaalan\u0131&#039;ndan uluslararas\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flar vard\u0131r; Fiji Airways Nadi ve Honolulu&#039;ya u\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n<p>Kiribati, genellikle I-Kiribati olarak bilinir, sakinleri tarihsel olarak a\u00e7\u0131k deniz adalar\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yerle\u015fim yerlerinde ikamet ederdi, say\u0131lar\u0131 50 ila 3.000 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015firdi. Genellikle, konutlar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131nda hindistan cevizi ve pandanus a\u011fac\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok ada, d\u00fczenli kurakl\u0131klar ve k\u00f6t\u00fc toprak ko\u015fullar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7ift\u00e7ili\u011fi zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, yiyecek ve para i\u00e7in denize ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r. Yayg\u0131n ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda d\u0131\u015ftan takmal\u0131 yelkencilik ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k bulunur; kopra \u00e7iftlikleri ba\u015fka i\u015f olanaklar\u0131 da sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>Betio, yak\u0131n zamanda \u00f6nemli bir ak\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tarawa&#039;n\u0131n kentsel ba\u015fkentindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck kasabad\u0131r. 1978&#039;de 17.921&#039;den 2024&#039;te tahmini 69.710&#039;a \u00e7\u0131kan G\u00fcney Tarawa&#039;n\u0131n n\u00fcfusu artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Etnik olarak Okyanusyal\u0131, Avustronezyal\u0131lar\u0131n bir alt grubu olan I-Kiribati&#039;nin binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k bir yerle\u015fim tarihi vard\u0131r. 14. y\u00fczy\u0131l civar\u0131nda Fijililer, Samoal\u0131lar ve Tongal\u0131lar adalar\u0131 istila ederek Polinezya dili \u00f6zelliklerini getirmi\u015f ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla etnik sahneyi \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmi\u015ftir. Birka\u00e7 grup aras\u0131ndaki evlilikler, olduk\u00e7a tekd\u00fcze g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme ve geleneklere sahip bir halk ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Resmen Kiribati Cumhuriyeti olan Kiribati, Okyanusya&#039;n\u0131n Mikronezya alt b\u00f6lgesinde yer almaktad\u0131r. 2020 say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re Kiribati&#039;nin n\u00fcfusu 119.000&#039;dir; bunlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 Tarawa atol\u00fc&#039;nde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. 32 atol\u00fc ve bir izole y\u00fcksek mercan adas\u0131 olan Banaba&#039;y\u0131 kapsayan \u00fclke, 811 kilometrekare (313 mil kare) b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir tak\u0131madad\u0131r. Olduk\u00e7a k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kara k\u00fctlesine sahip olan Kiribati, 3.441.810 kilometrekare (1.328.890 mil kare) b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir okyanus alan\u0131n\u0131 kaplamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4614,"parent":24105,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9629","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9629"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9629\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4614"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}