\uccb4\ucf54-\ub3c5\uc77c \uad6d\uacbd\uc744 \ub530\ub77c \uc5d0\ub974 \uc0b0\ub9e5\uc758 \ub192\uc740 \uacf3\uc5d0 \uc790\ub9ac \uc7a1\uc740 \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \ud574\ubc1c 733m\uc758 \uc881\uc740 \uacc4\uace1\uc5d0 \uc790\ub9ac \uc7a1\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud074\ub9ac\ub178\ubca0\uce20(1,244m)\uc640 \ubcf4\uc9c0\ub2e4\ub974\uc2a4\ud0a4 \uc288\ud53c\ucc28\ud06c(1,115m)\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc19f\uc544\uc624\ub978 \ubd09\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uc591\uc606\uc744 \ub458\ub7ec\uc2f8\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac \uc778\uad6c\ub294 \uc57d 2,300\uba85\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \ud48d\ud654\ub41c \uc678\uad00\uacfc \uac00\ud30c\ub974\uace0 \uad6c\ubd88\uad6c\ubd88\ud55c \uace8\ubaa9\uae38\uc740 \ubcf4\ud5e4\ubbf8\uc544 \uc655\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc2dc \uc911\uc2ec\uc9c0 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc600\ub358 \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \ub5a0\uc62c\ub9ac\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad11\ubb3c \uc790\uc6d0, \uc120\uad6c\uc801\uc778 \uc57c\uae08\uc220, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc628\ucc9c\uc774 \uc735\ud569\ub418\uc5b4 \uc774\uacf3\uc5d0 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\ucce4\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc740\ud654\ub294 \ud0c8\ub7ec\uc640 \uad81\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2ec\ub7ec\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc744 \ub530\uc654\uace0, \uc6b0\ub77c\ub284\uc740 \uacfc\ud559\uc801 \ud601\uc2e0\uacfc \uc778\uac04\uc758 \ube44\uadf9\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc92c\uc73c\uba70, \ub77c\ub3c8\uc774 \ud48d\ubd80\ud55c \uc628\ucc9c\uc740 \uc138\uacc4 \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \ubc29\uc0ac\uc131 \ubb3c\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uce58\ub8cc\uc6a9 \ubaa9\uc695\ud0d5\uc744 \ud0c4\uc0dd\uc2dc\ucf30\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5b4\ub85c "\ud0c8(Thal)" \ub610\ub294 "\uacc4\uace1"\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub9ac\ub294 \uc774\ub984 \uc5c6\ub294 \uace8\uc9dc\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1516\ub144 \uc288\ud14c\ud310 \uc290\ub9ad\uc774 "\uc131 \uc694\uc544\ud0b4\uc758 \uacc4\uace1"\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub73b\uc758 \uc0c1\ud2b8 \uc694\uc544\ud0b4\uc2a4\ud0c8(Sankt Joachimsthal)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ub984\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ucc29\uc9c0\ub97c \uac74\uc124\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc0c1\ud669\uc774 \ub2ec\ub77c\uc84c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub984\uc740 \ub098\uc911\uc5d0 \uccb4\ucf54\uc5b4\ub85c \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub85c \ubc14\ub00c\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacc4\uace1\uc758 \uac00\ud30c\ub978 \ubcbd\uc740 \uc218 \uc138\uae30 \ub3d9\uc548 \ucc44\uad74\uc758 \ud754\uc801\uc744 \uac04\uc9c1\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc232\uc774 \uc6b0\uac70\uc9c4 \uacbd\uc0ac\uc9c0\ub294 \ud55c\ub54c \ubcf4\ud5e4\ubbf8\uc544\uc640 \uc791\uc13c \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uad50\uc5ed\ub85c\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud588\ub358 \ub2a5\uc120\uc744 \ub530\ub77c \uc62c\ub77c\uac11\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc774 \ub9c8\uc744\uc740 \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504 \ubcf8\ud1a0, \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc548\uc2a4\uce74(Mari\u00e1nsk\u00e1), \ub178\ubca0 \uba54\uc2a4\ud1a0(Nov\u00e9 M\u011bsto), \uc218\ucc28(Such\u00e1), \ube0c\ub974\uc170\ud06c(Vr\u0161ek)\uc758 \ub2e4\uc12f \uac1c\uc758 \uc790\uce58\uad6c\ub85c \ub098\ub269\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01 \uad6c\uc5ed\uc740 \uad11\ubd80, \uadc0\uc871 \ud6c4\uc6d0\uc790, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub098\uc911\uc5d0\ub294 \uac74\uac15\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \ubc29\ubb38\uac1d\ub4e4\uc774 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc774 \uc720\uc785\ub418\uba74\uc11c \ud615\uc131\ub41c \ubc1c\uc804 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
1512\ub144 \uc740\uad11\uc774 \ubc1c\uacac\ub418\uba74\uc11c \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \ud558\ub8fb\ubc24 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \ubcc0\ubaa8\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc290\ub9ac\ud06c \uac00\ubb38\uc758 \ud6c4\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uae09\uc18d\ub3c4\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uace0, 1534\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \uc57d 2\ub9cc \uba85\uc758 \uc8fc\ubbfc\uc774 \uac70\uc8fc\ud558\uba70 \ubcf4\ud5e4\ubbf8\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8\ub85c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub9ce\uc740 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc\ud654 \uc81c\uc870\ub294 \uc9c0\uc5ed \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1520\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc694\uc544\ud798\uc2a4\ud0c8\ub7ec(Joachimsthaler)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub9ac\ub294 \uc740\ud654\uac00 1533\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 1536\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uac74\uc124\ub41c \uc655\uc2e4 \uc2dc\uc124\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uad00\ub41c \uc870\ud3d0\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uc870\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 "\ud0c8\ub7ec"\ub294 \uc720\ub7fd \uc804\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ud1b5\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uccb4\ucf54\uc5b4\ub85c "\ud1a8\ub77c\ub974(tolar)", \ub124\ub35c\ub780\ub4dc\uc5b4\ub85c "\ub2ec\ub354(daalder)", \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uad81\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc601\uc5b4\ub85c "\ub2ec\ub7ec(dollar)"\ub85c \ubc14\ub00c\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1528\ub144 \ud398\ub974\ub514\ub09c\ud2b8 1\uc138\uac00 \uad11\uc0b0\uad8c\uc744 \uc7a5\uc545\ud558\uc790 \uc290\ub9ac\ud06c \ubc31\uc791\ub4e4\uc740 \ub3c5\uc810\uad8c\uc744 \uc783\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc694\uc544\ud798\uc2a4\ud0c8\ub7ec\uc758 \uc804\uc124\uc740 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uadf8 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc801 \uc720\uc0b0\uc740 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \ud654\ud3d0\uc5d0 \uace0\uc2a4\ub780\ud788 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\uc758 \uac00\uacf5\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc81c\ub828 \uc791\uc5c5\uc740 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc774\uc790 \uc790\uc5f0\ud559\uc790\uc778 \uac8c\uc624\ub974\uae30\uc6b0\uc2a4 \uc544\uadf8\ub9ac\ucf5c\ub77c\uc758 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \ub04c\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 1527\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 1531\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uad00\ucc30\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ud604\ub300 \uad11\ubb3c\ud559\uc758 \ud1a0\ub300\ub97c \ub9c8\ub828\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc6a9\uad11\ub85c \uc124\uacc4, \uad11\uc11d \ubd84\ub9ac \uae30\uc220, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc81c\ub828\uc758 \ud654\ud559\uc801 \uc131\uc9c8\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc5ec 1556\ub144 \u300e\uae08\uc18d\ud559\uc5d0 \uad00\ud558\uc5ec\u300f(De re metalica)\uc5d0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\uadf8\ub9ac\ucf5c\ub77c\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc138\ub300\uc758 \uc57c\uae08\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\uce68\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ubcf4\ud5e4\ubbf8\uc544\ub97c \ud48d\uc694\ub86d\uac8c \ud588\ub358 \ubc14\ub85c \uadf8 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\ub294 \uc704\ud5d8\ub3c4 \ub4a4\ub530\ub790\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad11\ubd80\ub4e4\uc740 \uc720\ud574\ud55c \uba3c\uc9c0\ub97c \ud761\uc785\ud558\uace0 \ud639\ub3c5\ud55c \ud658\uacbd\uc744 \uacac\ub38c\uc57c \ud588\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ud6c4\ub300\uc758 \uc9c1\uc5c5\ubcd1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\ub85d\ub4e4\uc744 \uc608\uace0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\uc758 \ubc88\uc601\uc5d0\ub294 \uc885\uad50\uc801 \uaca9\ubcc0\uc774 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790\ub97c \ub4dc\ub9ac\uc6e0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1520\ub144\ub300\uc5d0 \ub8e8\ud130\uad50\ub85c \uac1c\uc885\ud558\uc5ec \ubcf4\ud5e4\ubbf8\uc544 \uc655\uad6d \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \uac1c\uc2e0\uad50 \uc131\uc9c0\ub85c \uc131 \uc694\uc544\ud0b4 \uad50\ud68c(1534~1540)\ub97c \uac74\uc124\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc288\ub9d0\uce7c\ub374 \uc804\uc7c1 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc791\uc13c \uad70\ub300\uac00 \uc774 \uacc4\uace1\uc744 \uc810\ub839\ud588\uace0, 1621\ub144 \ubc18\uc885\uad50\uac1c\ud601 \uc774\ud6c4 \ub9ce\uc740 \ub8e8\ud130\uad50 \uc2e0\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc791\uc13c \uc601\ud1a0\ub85c \ud53c\ub09c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ud6c4 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc804\ub840\uac00 \uc9c0\ubc30\uc801\uc774 \ub418\uba74\uc11c \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 1918\ub144 \uc624\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\uc544-\ud5dd\uac00\ub9ac \uc81c\uad6d\uc774 \ud574\uccb4\ub420 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud569\uc2a4\ubd80\ub974\ud06c \uc655\uac00\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\uc9c0 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 18\uc138\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc740\uc740 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub2c8\ucf08, \ube44\uc2a4\ubb34\ud2b8, \ub0a9, \ube44\uc18c, \ucf54\ubc1c\ud2b8, \uc8fc\uc11d, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 19\uc138\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc6b0\ub77c\ub284 \ucc44\uad74\uc774 \ud655\ub300\ub418\uba74\uc11c \uc9c0\uc5ed \ucc44\uad74 \uacbd\uc81c\uac00 \ub2e4\uac01\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
19\uc138\uae30 \uc911\ubc18\uc5d0\ub294 \uad11\uc0b0\uc5c5\uacfc \ub354\ubd88\uc5b4 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0dd\uaca8\ub0ac\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub77c\ub284 \uae30\ubc18 \uc548\ub8cc\uc640 \ub2f4\ubc30 \uacf5\uc7a5\uc774 \uac01\uac01 1856\ub144\uacfc 1860\ub144\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1873\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \ub300\ud615 \ud654\uc7ac\ub85c \ub3c4\uc2ec\uc758 \uc0c1\ub2f9 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \ud30c\uad34\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc7ac\uac74 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ub974\ub124\uc0c1\uc2a4 \uc591\uc2dd\uc758 \uc870\uac1c\uaecd\ub370\uae30 \uc704\uc5d0 \ubc14\ub85c\ud06c\uc640 \uc2e0\uace0\uc804\uc8fc\uc758 \uc591\uc2dd\uc758 \ud30c\uc0ac\ub4dc\uac00 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc130\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1520\ub144\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc5b4\uc9c4 131\ubc88 \uadc0\uc871 \uc800\ud0dd\uc5d0\ub294 \ud55c\ub54c \ubcf4\ud5e4\ubbf8\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc624\ub798\ub41c \uc57d\uad6d\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1530\ub144\ub300\uc5d0 \uc290\ub9ad \uac00\ubb38\uc758 \uc61b \uc800\ud0dd\uc5d0 \uc138\uc6cc\uc9c4 \uc2dc\uccad\uc0ac\ub294 1901\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 1902\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc544\ub974\ub204\ubcf4 \uc591\uc2dd\uc758 \ud654\ub824\ud55c \uc7a5\uc2dd\uc744 \ub354\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \ud604\uc7ac\ub294 \uc544\uce58\ud615 \uc9c0\ud558\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ud76c\uadc0\ud55c \ub77c\ud2f4 \ud559\uad50 \ub3c4\uc11c\uad00\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
1898\ub144, \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc544 \ud034\ub9ac\ub294 \uc6b0\ub77c\ub284\uad11 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c \ub354\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc6d0\uc18c\uc778 \ub77c\ub4d0\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud588\uace0, \uc774 \ub77c\ub4d0 \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \uc81c1\ucc28 \uc138\uacc4 \ub300\uc804\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774 \uadc0\uae08\uc18d\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uacf5\uae09\uc6d0\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 10\ub144 \ud6c4\uc778 1929\ub144, \ud504\ub77c\ud558\uc758 \ub0b4\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac \uc694\uc81c\ud504 \ub8b0\ube44 \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 \uad11\uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 "\uc758\ubbf8 \uc5c6\ub294 \ubc1c\uc0b0"\uacfc \uad11\ubd80\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3d0\uc554 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc758 \uc5f0\uad00\uc131\uc744 \ubc1d\ud614\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud658\uae30 \uac1c\uc120, \ubb3c \ubd84\uc0ac \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uac1c\uc120, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc784\uae08 \uc778\uc0c1\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \ud3d0\uc554 \ubc1c\ubcd1\ub960\uc740 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \u200b\u200b\ub192\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2dc \ubc1c\ud45c\ub41c \uc790\ub8cc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \uc6b0\ub77c\ub284 \uad11\ubd80\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc218\uba85\uc740 \uc57d 42\uc138\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc554\uc6b8\ud55c \ud1b5\uacc4\ub294 20\uc138\uae30\uc758 \uc5b4\ub450\uc6b4 \uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \uc608\uace0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
1938\ub144 \ubb8c\ud5e8 \ud611\uc815 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \ub098\uce58 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0 \ud569\ubcd1\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1939\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 1945\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ucc44\uad74\ub41c \uc6b0\ub77c\ub284\uc740 \uc81c3\uc81c\uad6d\uc758 \ud575 \uc57c\ub9dd\uc744 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \uc6d0\uc790\ub85c\ub97c \uac74\uc124\ud558\ub294 \ub370\ub294 \uc2e4\ud328\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uad11\uc0b0 \uc8fc\ubcc0\uc5d0 \uac15\uc81c \ub178\ub3d9 \uc218\uc6a9\uc18c\uac00 \uc138\uc6cc\uc84c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc18c\ub828 \uc804\uc7c1 \ud3ec\ub85c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc794\ud639\ud55c \ud658\uacbd\uc744 \uacac\ub38c\uc57c \ud588\uace0, 1948\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \uacf5\uc0b0\uc8fc\uc758 \ud1b5\uce58 \ud558\uc5d0 \uc218\uac10\ub41c \uccb4\ucf54 \uc815\uce58\ubc94\ub4e4\ub3c4 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucc44\uad74\uc740 1964\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ud658\uacbd\uacfc \uc778\uac04\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc624\uc5fc\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc720\uc0b0\uc744 \ub0a8\uacbc\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \uad11\uc0b0 \uc720\uc0b0\uacfc \ub354\ubd88\uc5b4 \uc218\uce58\ub8cc \uc804\ud1b5\uc744 \uc774\uc5b4\uac14\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1864\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \ub77c\ub3c8\uc774 \ud568\uc720\ub41c \uc0d8\ubb3c\uc774 \uc19f\uc544\ub0ac\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc720\ub7fd \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \ub77c\ub3c8 \uc2a4\ud30c\ub294 1906\ub144\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\uc11c\uc57c \ubb38\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc778\uadfc \uce74\ub97c\ub85c\ube44 \ubc14\ub9ac\uc640 \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc548\uc2a4\ucf00 \ub77c\uc988\ub124\ub97c \ubcf8\ub5a0 \uac74\uc124\ub41c \uc544\uadf8\ub9ac\ucf5c\ub77c \uc2a4\ud30c \uc13c\ud130(1906~1911)\ub294 \ub17c\ub780\uc758 \uc5ec\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \ubc29\uc0ac\uc120 \ud638\ub974\uba54\uc2dc\uc2a4 \uac00\uc124\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud558\uc5ec \uc0d8\ubb3c\uc758 \ubc29\uc0ac\ub2a5\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\uacbd \uc9c8\ud658, \ub958\uba38\ud2f0\uc998 \uc9c8\ud658, \ud53c\ubd80 \uc9c8\ud658, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \ud1b5\ud48d\uc774\ub098 \ub2f9\ub1e8\ubcd1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub300\uc0ac \uc9c8\ud658\uae4c\uc9c0 \uce58\ub8cc\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \ubc29\ubb38\uac1d\ub4e4\uc740 \uc758\ub8cc\uc9c4\uc758 \uac10\ub3c5 \ud558\uc5d0 \uc6a9\ud574\ub41c \ub77c\ub3c8(\u00b2\u00b2\u00b2Rn)\uc774 \ud568\uc720\ub41c \uc695\uc870\uc5d0 \ubab8\uc744 \ub2f4\uadf8\uace0 \uc788\ub294\ub370, \uacfc\ud559\uacc4 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ub17c\ub780\uc774 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub77c\ub3c8\uc758 \uc9c4\ud1b5 \ubc0f \ud56d\uc5fc\uc99d \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ubbff\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uad11\uc0b0\uc774 \ud3d0\uc1c4\ub41c \uac00\uc6b4\ub370, 1525\ub144\uc5d0 \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \uc2a4\ubcf4\ub974\ub178\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uad11\uc0b0\uc740 \uc720\ub7fd\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc624\ub798\ub41c \uad11\uc0b0\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5d0\ub450\uc544\ub974\ud2b8 \ub2e8\uc9c0\ub294 \ubc14\uc774\uc560\uc2ac\ub860 \uacbd\uae30\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\uc870\ub418\uc5b4 \uc218 \ud0ac\ub85c\ubbf8\ud130\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \ud2b8\ub808\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2a4\ud0a4\uc640 \uc0ac\uaca9\uc744 \uc990\uae38 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504 \uad11\uc0b0\uc774 \uc720\ub124\uc2a4\ucf54 \uc138\uacc4\ubb38\ud654\uc720\uc0b0\uc73c\ub85c \ub4f1\uc7ac\ub41c \uac83\uc740 \uad11\uc0b0 \uac31\ub3c4, \uc2ac\ub798\uadf8 \ub354\ubbf8, \uc81c\ub828\uc18c, \uc218\uc790\uc6d0 \uad00\ub9ac \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub4f1 \uae30\uc220 \uae30\ub150\ubb3c\uc774 \ud48d\ubd80\ud55c \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \uacbd\uad00\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 16\uc138\uae30 \uc870\ud3d0\uad6d \uac74\ubb3c\uc5d0 \uc790\ub9ac \uc7a1\uc740 \uc655\ub9bd \uc870\ud3d0\uad6d \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504 \ubc15\ubb3c\uad00\uc740 \uc8fc\uc870 \uae30\uc220\uacfc \ud654\ud3d0 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1703\ub144\uc5d0 \uac74\uc124\ub41c \uc131\uc0bc\uc704\uc77c\uccb4 \uae30\ub465\uc740 \ub9c8\uc744 \uad11\uc7a5\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0a4\ub294 \ud30c\uc218\uafbc\ucc98\ub7fc \uc11c \uc788\uc73c\uba70, 1520\ub144\uacbd\uc5d0 \uac74\uc124\ub41c \ubc29\uc5b4 \uc694\uc0c8\uc600\ub358 \uc778\uc811\ud55c \ud504\ub85c\uc774\ub374\uc288\ud0c0\uc778 \uc131\uc5d0\ub294 \ud3d0\ud5c8\uac00 \ub41c \uc131\ubcbd \uc704\uc5d0 \uc138\uc6cc\uc9c4 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \ud0d1(\uc290\ub9ac\ud06c \ud0d1\uacfc \ud504\ub77c\ucc28\ub974\ub098 \ud0d1)\uc774 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc774 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \ub3c4\uc2dc \uae30\ub150\ubb3c \uad6c\uc5ed\uc5d0\ub294 \uc815\uad50\ud55c \ud604\uad00\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ubd80\ub974\uac70 \ud558\uc6b0\uc2a4\ub4e4\uc774 \ub098\ub780\ud788 \ub298\uc5b4\uc11c \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub974\ub124\uc0c1\uc2a4 \uc591\uc2dd\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\ubd80\ub294 \ubc14\ub85c\ud06c\uc640 \uc2e0\uace0\uc804\uc8fc\uc758 \uc591\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\uc870\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc131\uc9c0\ub85c\ub294 \ubaa9\uc870 \uad6c\uc870\ub85c \uc720\uba85\ud55c \ub9cc\uc138\uc778\uce20 \uad50\ud68c(\ucd08\uae30 \ub974\ub124\uc0c1\uc2a4, 1520\ub144)\uc640 \ub8e8\ud130\uad50 \uc591\uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc14\ub85c\ud06c \uc591\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\uc870(1764~1785\ub144)\ub41c \ud6c4 1870\ub144\ub300 \ud654\uc7ac \uc774\ud6c4 \uc720\uc0ac \uace0\ub515 \uc591\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uac74\ucd95\ub41c \uc131 \uc694\uc544\ud0b4 \uad50\ud68c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc720\uc0ac \ub974\ub124\uc0c1\uc2a4 \uc591\uc2dd\uc758 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc778 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc8fc\uc758 \uad50\ud68c(1904\ub144)\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2a4\ud30c \uac74\ucd95\uc740 \ub3c4\uc2dc \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ub354\uc6b1 \ud48d\uc694\ub86d\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2e0\uace0\uc804\uc8fc\uc758 \uc591\uc2dd\uc758 \ub77c\ub4d0 \ud330\ub9ac\uc2a4 \ud638\ud154(1912\ub144)\uc5d0\ub294 \uc791\uace1\uac00 \ub9ac\ud558\ub974\ud2b8 \uc288\ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\uc2a4, \uc815\uce58\uac00 \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2dc G. \ub9c8\uc0ac\ub9ac\ud06c, \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8 \uad6d\uc655 \ud478\uc544\ub4dc 1\uc138 \ub4f1 \uc720\uba85 \uc778\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ud22c\uc219\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc870\uac01\uac00 \uce74\ub810 \ub9ac\ub514\uce20\ud0a4\uac00 1966\ub144\uc5d0 \uc138\uc6b4 \uae30\ub150\ube44\ub294 \ud034\ub9ac \ubd80\ubd80\uc758 \uc774\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc5c5\uc801\uc744 \uae30\ub150\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uae30\ub150\ube44\uc5d0 \uc0c8\uaca8\uc9c4 \ube44\ubb38\uc740 \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\uc758 \ub77c\ub4d0 \uc720\uc0b0\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \ucd94\uc5b5\uacfc \ud734\uc591\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucca0\ub3c4\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5b4 1\/25 \ub3c4\ub85c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc811\uadfc\ud558\uace0 \uce74\ub97c\ub85c\ube44 \ubc14\ub9ac\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc84\uc2a4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uaca8\uc6b8\uc5d0\ub294 \ub178\ubc14\ucf54, \ud074\ub9ac\ub178\ubca0\uce20, \ud074\ub9ac\ub178\ubca0\uce20-\ub124\ud074\ub9ac\ud2b8 \ub4f1 \uc138 \uacf3\uc758 \uc2a4\ud0a4\uc7a5\uc774 \uc54c\ud30c\uc778 \uc2a4\ud0a4\uc640 \ud06c\ub85c\uc2a4\ucee8\ud2b8\ub9ac \uc2a4\ud0a4 \uc560\ud638\uac00\ub4e4\uc744 \ub04c\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc774\uace0, \uc5d0\ub450\uc544\ub974\ud2b8\uc758 \ubc14\uc774\uc560\uc2ac\ub860 \uacbd\uae30\uc7a5\uc740 \uad11\uc0b0\uc758 \ud669\ub7c9\ud588\ub358 \uacfc\uac70\ub97c \uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20\ub85c \uc7ac\ud0c4\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a8 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac8c\uc624\ub974\uae30\uc6b0\uc2a4 \uc544\uadf8\ub9ac\ucf5c\ub77c \uc6cc\ud130\ud30c\ud06c\ub294 \uc2e4\ub0b4 \ub808\uc800\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70, \uadf8 \uc774\ub984\uc740 \uc774 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uacfc\ud559 \uc120\uad6c\uc790\ub97c \uae30\ub9ac\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ub2f4\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b8\ucc3d\ud55c \uce68\uc5fd\uc218\ub9bc\uacfc \uace0\uc9c0\ub300 \ubaa9\ucd08\uc9c0\ub85c \ub458\ub7ec\uc2f8\uc778 \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \ub545\uc18d \uae4a\uc740 \uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b8\ub9ac\ub294 \uace1\uad2d\uc774 \uc18c\ub9ac, \uc0b0 \uacf5\uae30\uc5d0 \uc2a4\uba70\ub4dc\ub294 \uc18c\ub098\ubb34 \ud5a5, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc2a4\ud30c \uc2dc\uc124\uc758 \uc740\uc740\ud55c \uc6c5\uc6c5\uac70\ub9bc\uae4c\uc9c0, \ub2e4\ucc44\ub85c\uc6b4 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uc120\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub9c8\uc744\uc740 \ub3cc\ub85c \uc9c0\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc678\uad00\uacfc \uad6c\ubd88\uad6c\ubd88\ud55c \uac70\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc740\uad34, \ub179\uc740 \uad11\uc11d \uac00\ub9c8\uc1a5, \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1 \uc218\uc0c1\uc790, \uc9c0\ud558 \ud608\uad00\uc5d0 \uc0b6\uc774 \ubb36\uc5ec \uc788\ub358 \uc8c4\uc218\ub4e4\uc758 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc774 \uc0dd\uc0dd\ud558\uac8c \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\uc758 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub294 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\ub294 \uc2b9\ub9ac\ub3c4, \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\ub294 \ube44\uadf9\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801, \uacfc\ud559\uc801, \uc815\uce58\uc801, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uce58\ub8cc\uc801 \uc57c\ub9dd\uc774 \uc5d0\ub974 \uc0b0\ub9e5\uc758 \ud5d8\uc900\ud55c \uc9c0\ud615\uc5d0 \ucd18\ucd18\ud788 \uc9dc\uc5ec\uc9c4 \ud0dc\ud53c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\uc640 \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5d0\ub974 \uc0b0\ub9e5\uc758 \ub3d9\uc804\uc740 \uc138\uacc4 \ubb34\uc5ed\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud588\uace0, \ub77c\ub4d0\uc740 \uc758\ud559\uc801 \ub099\uad00\uc8fc\uc758\uc640 \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uace0\ud1b5\uc5d0 \ubd88\uc744 \uc9c0\ud3c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc5d0\ub974 \uc0b0\ub9e5\uc758 \uc0d8\uc740 \uce58\uc720\uc758 \uc9c0\ud558 \uc0d8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubbff\uc74c\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0f1\ud574 \uc8fc\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud55c\ub54c \uc5d0\ub974 \uc0b0\ub9e5\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc774\ub984\uc758 \ud654\ud3d0\ub97c \ud0c4\uc0dd\uc2dc\ucf30\ub358 \uacc4\uace1\uc740 \uc774\uc81c \uc790\uc6d0, \uc0b0\uc5c5, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc131\ucc30\uc744 \ubd88\ub7ec\uc77c\uc73c\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad74\uace1\uc9c4 \ub3cc\uacfc \uaca8\uc6b8 \uc548\uac1c \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc57c\ud788\ubaa8\ud504\ub294 \uc801\uc751, \uae30\uc5b5, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc7a5\uc18c\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uacf5\uba85\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \uc790\ub9ac \uc7a1\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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