Jordan, formally The Hashemite Monarchy of Jordan, is a Western Asian Arab kingdom located on the Jordan River’s East Bank. Jordan is bounded on the east and south by Saudi Arabia, on the north by Iraq, on the north by Syria, on the west by Israel, Palestine, and the Dead Sea, and on the south by the Red Sea. Jordan is ideally situated at the intersection of three continents: Asia, Africa, and Europe. Amman, Jordan’s capital, is the country’s most populated metropolis and economic, political, and cultural hub.
What is occurring today Humans have inhabited Jordan since the Paleolithic era. At the conclusion of the Bronze Age, three stable kingdoms arose there: Ammon, Moab, and Edom. The Nabataean Kingdom, the Roman Empire, and the Ottoman Empire were later rulers. Following the Great Arab Revolt against the Ottomans in 1916 during World War I, Britain and France partitioned the Ottoman Empire. In 1921, the then-Emir Abdullah I created the Emirate of Transjordan, which became a British protectorate. Jordan gained independence as a sovereign state in 1946, formally known as The Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan. Jordan annexed the West Bank following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and the state’s name was changed in 1949 to The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Jordan is a founding member of the Arab League and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and is one of only two Arab nations to have signed an agreement with Israel. Although the nation is a constitutional monarchy, the king has extensive administrative and legislative authority.
Jordan is a very tiny semi-arid nation that is nearly completely landlocked, with a population of 9.5 million. Sunni Islam, which is followed by about 92 percent of the population, is Jordan’s main religion. It coexists with a Christian indigenous minority. Jordan is regarded as one of the Middle East’s safest Arab nations, having escaped long-term terrorism and turmoil. It has been very accommodating in the face of surrounding instability, admitting refugees from virtually all surrounding wars as early as 1948, most notably the estimated 2.1 million Palestinians and 1.4 million Syrian refugees. Additionally, the monarchy provides sanctuary for hundreds of Iraqi Christians escaping the Islamic State. While Jordan continues to welcome migrants, the current huge inflow from Syria has put a significant strain on the country’s resources and infrastructure.
Jordan is categorized as a nation with “high human development” and an economy defined as “upper middle income.” Jordan’s economy, although being one of the smallest in the region, is appealing to international investors due to its talented workforce. The country is a popular tourist destination, and its strong health sector also draws medical tourism. Nonetheless, economic development has been stifled by a scarcity of natural resources, a huge influx of migrants, and regional instability.