New York City se odv\u00edj\u00ed jako mozaika \u010dtvrt\u00ed, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 je formov\u00e1na vlastn\u00edm d\u011bdictv\u00edm, tradicemi a osobnost\u00ed. M\u011bsto se ve skute\u010dnosti skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z p\u011bti samostatn\u00fdch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u2013 Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, Bronx a Staten Island \u2013 z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 funguje jako samostatn\u00e9 m\u011bsto. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak hranice \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ze \u010dtvrt\u00ed nejsou pevn\u011b dan\u00e9, tak\u017ee se \u010dtvrti vyv\u00edjely organicky s p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edmi se n\u00e1zvy a nejasn\u00fdmi hranicemi. Nov\u00e1\u010dek se m\u016f\u017ee zpo\u010d\u00e1tku c\u00edtit t\u00edmto m\u011bstem vesnic zahlcen\u00fd, ale tento pr\u016fvodce m\u00e1 slou\u017eit jako p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fd kompas rozmanit\u00fdmi \u010dtvrt\u011bmi New Yorku. \u010cten\u00e1\u0159i zde najdou historick\u00e9 zaj\u00edmavosti, kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky, m\u00edstn\u00ed tradice a praktick\u00e9 tipy, kter\u00e9 jim pomohou orientovat se v nich jako zku\u0161en\u00fdm obyvatel\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Newyorsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti definuj\u00ed identitu m\u011bsta. Vzpome\u0148te si na Greenwich Village, kter\u00e1 byla po generace zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201eboh\u00e9msk\u00e9 srdce\u201c Manhattanu, nebo na Harlem, kter\u00fd se stal symbolem afroamerick\u00e9 kultury b\u011bhem harlemsk\u00e9 renesance. P\u0159i proch\u00e1zce t\u011bmito ulicemi \u010dlov\u011bk na ka\u017ed\u00e9m kroku c\u00edt\u00ed vrstvy minul\u00fdch epoch. Tento pr\u016fvodce nejen vyjmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 pam\u00e1tky a atrakce, ale vypr\u00e1v\u00ed i p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o tom, jak se ka\u017ed\u00e1 enkl\u00e1va formovala \u2013 od holandsk\u00fdch osad v 17. stolet\u00ed v Doln\u00edm Manhattanu a\u017e po dne\u0161n\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed imigrantsk\u00e9 komunity v Queensu. Pom\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1m tak\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt geografii m\u011bsta: od pochopen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu p\u011bti m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a\u017e po zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed rigidn\u00ed manhattansk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i se dozv\u00ed, kam j\u00edt, co vid\u011bt a jak tomu v\u0161emu porozum\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Struktura tohoto pr\u016fvodce odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed logiku m\u011bsta. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me s obecn\u00fdm kontextem (m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti, rozvr\u017een\u00ed m\u011bsta, doprava) a pot\u00e9 se p\u0159esouv\u00e1me po jednotliv\u00fdch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 sekce v\u011bnovan\u00e1 \u010dtvrt\u00edm se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 jejich p\u016fvodem, pam\u00e1tkami, kulturou, stravov\u00e1n\u00edm a radami pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky. Kdekoli je to mo\u017en\u00e9, vyh\u00fdb\u00e1me se popisu v prvn\u00ed osob\u011b a up\u0159ednost\u0148ujeme novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd t\u00f3n ve t\u0159et\u00ed osob\u011b, kter\u00fd st\u00e1le zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1 pro\u017eitou zku\u0161enost. Pr\u016fvodce nab\u00edz\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 detaily \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad kter\u00e9 linky metra spojuj\u00ed \u010dtvrti nebo na kter\u00fdch ulic\u00edch se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed rodinn\u00e9 restaurace. Cestou se do pr\u016fvodce vpletou st\u0159\u00edpky m\u00edstn\u00edho koloritu a lidsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o slavn\u00fdch m\u00edstech, jako je Stonewall Inn nebo Apollo Theater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na konci t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky se \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i nejen dozv\u00ed, kde se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ikonick\u00e9 \u010dtvrti New Yorku, ale i pro\u010d na nich z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed \u2013 co d\u011bl\u00e1 ka\u017edou \u010dtvr\u0165 jedine\u010dnou a jak se do nich n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci mohou bezpe\u010dn\u011b a s uzn\u00e1n\u00edm pono\u0159it. A\u0165 u\u017e si chcete vychutnat pochoutku pro du\u0161i v Harlemu, proj\u00edt se mezi hn\u011bd\u00fdmi domy ve West Village nebo nasko\u010dit na trajekt na Staten Island, toto je v\u00e1\u0161 kompletn\u00ed a aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pl\u00e1n. C\u00edlem je praktick\u00e9 objasn\u011bn\u00ed, nikoli um\u011bt se prosadit. O\u010dek\u00e1vejte historick\u00fd kontext a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o sousedstv\u00ed, vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 atrakcemi, kter\u00e9 mus\u00edte vid\u011bt, a praktick\u00fdmi tipy \u2013 to v\u0161e sestaveno z nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f a m\u00edstn\u00edch poznatk\u016f. Slo\u017eitost New Yorku m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt skli\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed, ale p\u0159i pe\u010dliv\u00e9m \u010dten\u00ed budete p\u0159ipraveni prozkoum\u00e1vat m\u011bsto \u201ejako Newyor\u010dan\u201c a objevovat jak obl\u00edben\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky, tak m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 skvosty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ne\u017e se pono\u0159\u00edme do konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch \u010dtvrt\u00ed, je dobr\u00e9 pochopit z\u00e1kladn\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed New Yorku. New York se z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z p\u011bti m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed (boroughs). Manhattan (okres New York), Bronx (okres Bronx), Brooklyn (okres Kings), Queens (okres Queens) a Staten Island (okres Richmond) byly p\u016fvodn\u011b samostatn\u00e9 komunity, ale v roce 1898 byly slou\u010deny do jednoho sjednocen\u00e9ho m\u011bsta. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u011bstsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st m\u00e1 stejnou rozlohu jako jeden okres st\u00e1tu New York. Manhattan je nejmen\u0161\u00ed m\u011bstskou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed co do rozlohy, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 domovem nejhust\u0161\u00edho os\u00eddlen\u00ed a obchodn\u00edch \u010dtvrt\u00ed; Brooklyn je nejlidnat\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a t\u00e1hne se od hn\u011bd\u00fdch kamenn\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161in a\u017e po parky u vody; Queens pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 zhruba 75 \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch mil \u010dtvrt\u00ed a p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed; Bronx je nejsevern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bstskou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed New Yorku s parky a kulturn\u00edmi institucemi; a Staten Island v mnoha \u010d\u00e1stech p\u016fsob\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e p\u0159\u00edm\u011bstsk\u00fdm nebo venkovsk\u00fdm dojmem, je s Manhattanem spojen bezplatn\u00fdm trajektem na Staten Island Ferry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Samotn\u00fd Manhattan je uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n zhruba podle m\u0159\u00ed\u017eky ulic (\u201ekomisa\u0159sk\u00fd pl\u00e1n z roku 1811\u201c). V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u0159\u00edd vede severoji\u017en\u00edm sm\u011brem a ulice v\u00fdchodoz\u00e1padn\u00edm sm\u011brem. Pod Houston Street (v Doln\u00edm Manhattanu) se m\u0159\u00ed\u017eka rozd\u011bluje na star\u0161\u00ed, nepravideln\u00e9 ulice. Nad Houstonem vedou o\u010d\u00edslovan\u00e9 ulice od jihu k severu (1st Street v East Village a\u017e po 220th Street v Inwoodu) a t\u0159\u00eddy od v\u00fdchodu (1st Ave) na z\u00e1pad (12th Ave\/Hudson River). Manhattan se \u010dasto d\u011bl\u00ed na t\u0159i \u0161irok\u00e9 oblasti: Downtown\/Lower Manhattan (ji\u017en\u011b od Houston St), Midtown (od Midtown South p\u0159es Times Square a\u017e po ji\u017en\u00ed okraj Central Parku) a Uptown (oblast severn\u011b od Central Parku, d\u00e1le rozd\u011blen\u00e1 na Upper West\/East Sides a d\u00e1le). \u010c\u00edslovan\u00e1 m\u0159\u00ed\u017eka usnad\u0148uje navigaci, ale skute\u010dn\u00e9 okraje \u010dtvrt\u00ed se p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad SoHo form\u00e1ln\u011b znamen\u00e1 \u201eSouth of Houston\u201c (jih od Houstonu) a Tribeca \u201eTriangle Below Canal\u201c (troj\u00faheln\u00edk pod kan\u00e1lem), co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed historick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e striktn\u00ed linie na map\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ostatn\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti maj\u00ed voln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Brooklyn se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 na dlouh\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b na Atlantiku, p\u0159es kopce a pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed; zahrnuje v\u0161e od hn\u011bd\u00fdch dom\u016f Brooklyn Heights a Park Slope p\u0159es hipstersk\u00e9 enkl\u00e1vy Williamsburg a Bushwick a\u017e po p\u0159edm\u011bstsk\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed oblasti jako Bay Ridge a Sheepshead Bay. Queens je rozlehl\u00fd a rozmanit\u00fd, s Long Island City a Astori\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e mostu Manhattan Bridge, pak rozmanit\u00fdmi vnit\u0159n\u00edmi \u010dtvrt\u011bmi jako Jackson Heights a Flushing a dal\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159edm\u011bstsk\u00fdmi v\u00fdchodn\u00edmi Queensy. Bronx za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 na okraji Manhattanu (p\u0159es \u0159eku Harlem) a t\u00e1hne se do kopcovit\u00e9 krajiny se zelen\u00fdmi lesy (jako Riverdale) a p\u0159edm\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed ve stylu \u201eOzone Park\u201c na v\u00fdchod\u011b. A kone\u010dn\u011b, Staten Island se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt nejv\u00edce odd\u011blen\u00fd geograficky \u2013 spojen pouze trajektem (nebo dlouh\u00fdm mostem do Brooklynu) \u2013 zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdmi parky, pob\u0159e\u017e\u00edm a klidn\u00fdm centrem m\u011bsta v St. George, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed trajektov\u00fd termin\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tyto \u010dtvrti propojuj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bdopravn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b. Newyorsk\u00e9 metro je rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9: manhattansk\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 znamen\u00e1, \u017ee severoji\u017en\u00edm sm\u011brem vede n\u011bkolik linek metra (nap\u0159. 1-2-3 na Broadwayi, 4-5-6 na Lexington Avenue, ACE na 8th Ave atd.), kter\u00e9 jej spojuj\u00ed s Brooklynem (prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm linek jako 2, 3, 4, 5 vedouc\u00edch do Brooklyn Heights nebo 7 a NR na 59th St do Queensu). Jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dtvrti spojuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 mosty a tunely (mosty Brooklyn a Manhattan do Brooklynu\/Queensu, mosty Queensboro a Triboro do Queensu atd.). Mezery mezi stanicemi vypl\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u017eeleznice (Long Island Rail Road z Manhattanu do Queensu\/Long Islandu, Metro-North z Manhattanu do Bronxu a severn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti st\u00e1tu) a autobusy. Jednoduch\u00fd fakt je: uzly manhattansk\u00e9ho metra (Grand Central, Penn Station, Fulton St. v centru m\u011bsta) jsou uzly do v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch \u010dtvrt\u00ed. Mezi \u010dtvrt\u011bmi se lze rychle p\u0159epravovat ve\u0159ejnou dopravou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Geografie a dopravn\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti New Yorku ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed, jak m\u00edstn\u00ed vn\u00edmaj\u00ed sousedstv\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Doln\u00ed Manhattan (v\u0161e ji\u017en\u011b od 14. ulice) nen\u00ed jen finan\u010dn\u00edm centrem USA, ale tak\u00e9 m\u00edstem, kde New York \u201eza\u010dal\u201c (jako holandsk\u00e1 osada Nov\u00fd Amsterdam). Wall Street a Finan\u010dn\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi orienta\u010dn\u00edmi body. Greenwich Village, kdysi vesnice v koloni\u00e1ln\u00edch dob\u00e1ch, le\u017e\u00ed severn\u011b od Soho a je zhruba ohrani\u010dena 14. ulic\u00ed, Broadwayem a \u0159ekou Hudson. Oblasti jako Harlem, pojmenovan\u00fd po nizozemsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Haarlem, le\u017e\u00ed v Uptown Manhattanu nad Central Parkem. V okrajov\u00fdch obvodech byla Arthur Avenue v Bronxu p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1na na gener\u00e1la Arthura z ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a stala se zn\u00e1mou jako \u201eskute\u010dn\u00e1 Mal\u00e1 It\u00e1lie\u201c New Yorku, a to i v dob\u011b, kdy Manhattansk\u00e1 Mal\u00e1 It\u00e1lie upadala. V Queensu se Jackson Heights rozr\u016fstala kolem \u010dtvrt\u00ed bohat\u00fdch na imigranty. Hlavn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159\u00ed Bronxu je Bronx Park, pod\u00e9l kter\u00e9ho se nach\u00e1z\u00ed zoologick\u00e1 a botanick\u00e1 zahrada v Bronxu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tento pr\u016fvodce seskupuje \u010dtvrti podle m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b geograficky, nikoli podle striktn\u00edch politick\u00fdch hranic, aby pomohl cestovatel\u016fm s pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv. \u010cten\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed se zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed o Manhattan, se mohou t\u011b\u0161it na \u010d\u00e1sti o centru m\u011bsta (Finan\u010dn\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165, Battery Park, Tribeca, SoHo), Greenwich\/West Village, East Village\/Lower East Side, Chinatown\/Little Italy, Chelsea\/Meatpacking, Midtown, Upper West, Upper East a Harlem. Pot\u00e9 se p\u0159esuneme k Brooklynu (Brooklyn Heights\/DUMBO, Williamsburg, Park Slope, Coney Island), Queensu (Long Island City, Astoria, Jackson Heights, Flushing), Bronxu (Arthur Avenue, oblast Yankee Stadium, zoo\/botanick\u00e1 zahrada v Bronxu) a Staten Islandu (p\u0159\u00edstav St. George Ferry, historick\u00e9 vesnice Staten Islandu). Nakonec praktick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti porovnaj\u00ed \u010dtvrti pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky (kde se ubytovat poprv\u00e9, oblasti s n\u00edzk\u00fdm rozpo\u010dtem, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed tipy) a praktick\u00e9ho pr\u016fvodce j\u00eddlem (nejlep\u0161\u00ed pizza, etnick\u00e1 j\u00eddla v okol\u00ed, j\u00eddla v pozdn\u00edch no\u010dn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch atd.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Newyorsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed detaily: histori\u00ed, kulturou, j\u00eddlem a anekdotami. Prozkoumali jsme ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 zdroje, abychom zahrnuli aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed poznatky (nap\u0159\u00edklad kter\u00e9 restaurace si z\u00edskaly uzn\u00e1n\u00ed, nov\u00e9 linky ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 dopravy nebo rebrandovan\u00e9 \u010dtvrti). U faktick\u00fdch tvrzen\u00ed (nap\u0159. p\u016fvod n\u00e1zv\u016f m\u00edst, slavn\u00e9 instituce) jsou uvedeny citace, abyste mohli informac\u00edm d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat. Anekdoty (jako pek\u00e1rna na Arthur Avenue nebo beat poets v East Village) jsou \u010derp\u00e1ny z novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v a historie komunity. T\u00f3n si klade za c\u00edl b\u00fdt informativn\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0159el\u00fd, v\u011bcn\u00fd, ale s v\u0159elost\u00ed \u2013 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed od pozorovatele, kter\u00fd skute\u010dn\u011b zn\u00e1 vrstvy m\u011bsta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A tak za\u010dn\u011bme na\u0161i prohl\u00eddku \u2013 po\u010dn\u011bme na ji\u017en\u00edm c\u00edpu Manhattanu, kde se poprv\u00e9 za\u010dal ps\u00e1t p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh New Yorku, a postupn\u011b se p\u0159es ostrov p\u0159esuneme na sever a pot\u00e9 p\u0159es mosty do ostatn\u00edch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na ji\u017en\u00edm c\u00edpu Manhattanu le\u017e\u00ed Doln\u00ed Manhattan, nejstar\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st m\u011bsta. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde v 20. letech 17. stolet\u00ed st\u00e1val Nov\u00fd Amsterdam, nizozemsk\u00e1 koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed stanice. Dnes se zde m\u00eds\u00ed stalet\u00ed star\u00e9 ulice s impozantn\u00edmi modern\u00edmi mrakodrapy. Velkou \u010d\u00e1st t\u00e9to oblasti zab\u00edr\u00e1 Finan\u010dn\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165 (neboli \u010dtvr\u0165 Wall Street): n\u00e1zvy jako Wall Street a Newyorsk\u00e1 burza evokuj\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed finance, ale ko\u0159eny sahaj\u00ed k nizozemsk\u00e9 \u201ehradb\u011b\u201c, kterou kolonist\u00e9 v 17. stolet\u00ed postavili na obranu sv\u00e9ho m\u011bsta. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci si st\u00e1le mohou prohl\u00e9dnout \u00fazk\u00e9 uli\u010dky z 18. stolet\u00ed, jako je Stone Street, lemovan\u00e9 historick\u00fdmi tavernami uprost\u0159ed sklen\u011bn\u00fdch v\u011b\u017e\u00ed. Kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 proch\u00e1zka na jih vede do Battery Park City a Battery Parku, zelen\u00fdch \u00fato\u010di\u0161\u0165 v p\u0159\u00edstavu. Battery Park (na sam\u00e9m ji\u017en\u00edm c\u00edpu) shl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed na newyorsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstav a je m\u00edstem odjezdu k So\u0161e svobody a Ellis Islandu. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed parkov\u00e1 slu\u017eba, \u201etrajekty odj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed z The Battery na ji\u017en\u00edm c\u00edpu Manhattanu\u201c na Liberty a Ellis Islands, symboly imigrace a svobody. Samotn\u00fd park m\u00e1 \u010dasto ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, zahrady a n\u00e1dhern\u00fd v\u00fdhled na p\u0159\u00edstav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kousek od Battery Parku ve vnitrozem\u00ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Pam\u00e1tn\u00edk a muzeum 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e9ho Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho centra. Tato slavnostn\u00ed dvojice zrcadlov\u00fdch baz\u00e9n\u016f (kde st\u00e1ly Dvoj\u010data) je nutnost\u00ed pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu, p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed ob\u011bti \u00fatok\u016f v roce 2001. Sousedn\u00ed muzeum poskytuje historick\u00fd kontext prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm artefakt\u016f a osobn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f. Z t\u00e9to vyhl\u00eddky je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 zahl\u00e9dnout One World Trade Center (zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako Freedom Tower), t\u0159pytiv\u00fd nov\u00fd mrakodrap, jeho\u017e v\u00fd\u0161ka (526 metr\u016f) z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed rok zalo\u017een\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Severn\u011b a z\u00e1padn\u011b od finan\u010dn\u00ed \u010dtvrti se rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u010dtvrti Tribeca a SoHo. Tribeca (\u201eTroj\u00faheln\u00edk pod Canal Street\u201c) byla dlouho pr\u016fmyslovou \u010dtvrt\u00ed se sklady a lodn\u00ed dopravou. V posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch se vyvinula v luxusn\u00ed reziden\u010dn\u00ed a technologickou enkl\u00e1vu s restaurovan\u00fdmi lofty a celebritami ob\u00fdvan\u00fdmi rezidenty. Jej\u00ed dl\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 ulice pln\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9 galerie a trendy restaurace. V\u00fdchodn\u011b od Tribecy se nach\u00e1z\u00ed SoHo (zkratka pro \u201eSouth of Houston Street\u201c). SoHo je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 svou litinovou architekturou: mnoho v\u00fdrobn\u00edch budov z 19. stolet\u00ed bylo postaveno s dekorativn\u00edmi litinov\u00fdmi fas\u00e1dami, v nich\u017e se dnes nach\u00e1zej\u00ed butiky a loftov\u00e9 byty. SoHo z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1kupn\u00edm r\u00e1jem pro fanou\u0161ky m\u00f3dy a designu. N\u00e1zev \u201eSoHo\u201c vznikl v r\u00e1mci inovativn\u00edho \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu v 60. letech 20. stolet\u00ed a od t\u00e9 doby se stala celosv\u011btov\u011b uzn\u00e1vanou um\u011bleckou a n\u00e1kupn\u00ed \u010dtvrt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Times Square a Broadway Junction pat\u0159\u00ed k Midtownu (viz n\u00ed\u017ee), ale v r\u00e1mci Doln\u00edho Manhattanu tvo\u0159\u00ed hranici centrum Times Square. Chinatown a Little Italy le\u017e\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Tribecy. Tyto kompaktn\u00ed enkl\u00e1vy p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed vlny imigrace: \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed emigranti z 19. stolet\u00ed v Chinatownu na Mott\/Pell\/Doyers Street a ital\u0161t\u00ed imigranti v Little Italy pod\u00e9l Mulberry Street. Manhattansk\u00e1 Little Italy se \u010dasem zmen\u0161ila, ale st\u00e1le host\u00ed ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed Feast of San Gennaro v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, pouli\u010dn\u00ed veletrh italsk\u00e9ho j\u00eddla a lidov\u00e9 kultury. (Autentick\u00e9 italsk\u00e9 j\u00eddlo si dnes m\u016f\u017eete vychutnat tak\u00e9 v Bronxu, kde se vlakem Metro North dostanete na Arthur Avenue, kter\u00e1 si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 skute\u010dnou atmosf\u00e9ru tr\u017ei\u0161t\u011b \u201eLittle Italy\u201c, o kter\u00e9 budeme hovo\u0159it pozd\u011bji.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Greenwich Village a West Village (\u010dasto naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 jen \u201eVesnice\u201c) le\u017e\u00ed severn\u011b od SoHo, zhruba od Houston Street po 14th Street a od Broadwaye po \u0159eku Hudson. Tato \u010dtvr\u0165 byla dlouho nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm m\u011bstem (naz\u00fdvan\u00fdm \u201eVesnice\u201c), ne\u017e ji pohltil Manhattan. Dnes je synonymem kulturn\u00edho a spole\u010densk\u00e9ho kva\u0161en\u00ed New Yorku 20. stolet\u00ed. Washington Square Park je tlukouc\u00edm srdcem \u010dtvrti. Uprost\u0159ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ikonick\u00fd oblouk a font\u00e1na a \u010dasto se mu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201esymbolick\u00e9 srdce Greenwich Village\u201c. (Vysok\u00fd mramorov\u00fd Washington\u016fv oblouk, dokon\u010den\u00fd v roce 1892, byl p\u016fvodn\u011b postaven na oslavu st\u00e9ho v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed George Washingtona a nyn\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed jako velkolep\u00fd vstup do parku.) Park soused\u00ed s kampusem Newyorsk\u00e9 univerzity a n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed po cel\u00fd rok hu\u010d\u00ed studenty, \u0161achisty, pouli\u010dn\u00edmi hudebn\u00edky a davy \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f festival\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Washington Square Park, \u201esymbolick\u00e9 srdce\u201c Greenwich Village, je zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdm mramorov\u00fdm obloukem, centr\u00e1ln\u00ed font\u00e1nou a \u017eiv\u00fdmi setk\u00e1n\u00edmi student\u016f, um\u011blc\u016f a m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel. V 50. a 60. letech 20. stolet\u00ed se zde sch\u00e1zeli b\u00e1sn\u00edci beatnick\u00e9 generace (nap\u0159\u00edklad Allen Ginsberg) a jazzov\u00ed um\u011blci. Pozd\u011bji se park stal spojovan\u00fdm s folkovou hudebn\u00ed sc\u00e9nou (Bob Dylan hr\u00e1l v nedalek\u00e9m Washington Square Parku). Dnes je pod obloukem st\u00e1le sly\u0161et kytaristy a vid\u011bt neform\u00e1ln\u00ed tanec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ji\u017en\u011b od Washington Square Parku se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Stonewall Inn (53 Christopher St). V \u010dervnu 1969 se n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci t\u00e9to nen\u00e1padn\u00e9 kr\u010dmy v Greenwich Village povstali proti policejn\u00ed razii. Toto povst\u00e1n\u00ed ve Stonewallu se stalo kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm momentem v historii hnut\u00ed za pr\u00e1va homosexu\u00e1l\u016f a hostinec je nyn\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n jako m\u00edsto zrodu modern\u00edho hnut\u00ed LGBTQ+. (New York City od t\u00e9 doby ozna\u010dil Christopher Street za sou\u010d\u00e1st \u201eStonewallsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho pam\u00e1tn\u00edku\u201c.) West Village v okol\u00ed si st\u00e1le uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 siln\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed queer kultury s duhov\u00fdmi vlajkami, pouli\u010dn\u00edmi festivaly a progresivn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9rou. \u00dazk\u00e9, klikat\u00e9 uli\u010dky t\u00e9to oblasti (na rozd\u00edl od m\u0159\u00ed\u017eky Midtownu) maj\u00ed mnoho kav\u00e1ren a pek\u00e1ren; mezi zn\u00e1m\u00e1 star\u00e1 podniky pat\u0159\u00ed Magnolia Bakery (prvn\u00ed na Bleecker Street s jej\u00edmi charakteristick\u00fdmi cupcakes) a Corner Bistro (obl\u00edben\u00e1 burger\u00e1rna).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Village slou\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 jako hollywoodsk\u00e1 z\u00e1st\u011brka na Manhattanu. Filmov\u00ed fanou\u0161ci poznaj\u00ed filmov\u00e1 m\u00edsta, jako je m\u011bstsk\u00fd d\u016fm Carrie Bradshawov\u00e9 (slavn\u00fd hn\u011bd\u00fd k\u00e1men na Perry Street ze Sexu ve m\u011bst\u011b) nebo bytov\u00fd d\u016fm z filmu \u201eP\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9\u201c (naproti parku Washington Square). Krom\u011b popkultury v\u0161ak The Village st\u00e1le \u017eije nez\u00e1visl\u00fdmi divadly, jazzov\u00fdmi kluby a restauracemi. Bleeker Street a MacDougal Street jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 historick\u00fdmi jazzov\u00fdmi kluby (Smalls, Caf\u00e9 Wha?, The Blue Note) a komedi\u00e1ln\u00edmi kluby. Na t\u00e9to trase najdete mal\u00e1 bistra, pala\u010dink\u00e1rny a kav\u00e1rny otev\u0159en\u00e9 do pozdn\u00edch no\u010dn\u00edch hodin \u2013 typick\u00e9 j\u00eddlo The Village.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Filmov\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed Greenwich Village zve na neform\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u011b\u0161\u00ed prohl\u00eddku film\u016f. Na West 4th Street si m\u016f\u017eete (zvenku) prohl\u00e9dnout hn\u011bd\u00fd k\u00e1men pou\u017eit\u00fd ve filmu Woodyho Allena Manhattan. Roh Bedford a Grove se stal kulisou pro \u0159adu pouli\u010dn\u00edch sc\u00e9n (objevuje se ve filmu Kdy\u017e Harry potkal Sally a v mnoha televizn\u00edch seri\u00e1lech). West 10th Street pobl\u00ed\u017e Hudsonu je m\u00edstem, kde se nat\u00e1\u010del seri\u00e1l P\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 (a\u010dkoli jeho skute\u010dn\u00fd interi\u00e9r se nat\u00e1\u010del na place, exteri\u00e9r je skute\u010dn\u00fd). Rychlou proch\u00e1zkou se m\u016f\u017eete setkat s p\u016fl tuctem filmov\u00fdch\/televizn\u00edch podnik\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se vinout kolem trendy obchod\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud jde o stravov\u00e1n\u00ed a kav\u00e1rny, Village je gastronomick\u00fdm h\u0159i\u0161t\u011bm. New York Herald Tribune v roce 1958 chv\u00e1lil Minetta Tavern (na MacDougal & Minetta) jako \u201enejkouzeln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed restauraci s cihlovou oblo\u017ekou\u201c. Dnes je to drah\u00fd, oslavovan\u00fd steakhouse s zachovan\u00fdmi \u010derven\u00fdmi zdmi. Mezi sousedy pat\u0159\u00ed Olivia's, italsk\u00e1 sendvi\u010d\u00e1rna, a John's Pizzeria (na Bleecker) s kol\u00e1\u010di pe\u010den\u00fdmi na uhl\u00ed \u2013 Village je n\u011bkdy uv\u00e1d\u011bn jako m\u00edsto, kde newyorsk\u00e1 pizza skute\u010dn\u011b zrodila (a\u010dkoli jej\u00ed ko\u0159eny jsou zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1ny). Na Bleecker Street je Bleeker Street Pizza, tenk\u00e1 pizza, obl\u00edben\u00e1 m\u00edstn\u00ed restaurace a Magnolia Bakery (Bleecker & 11th) st\u00e1le vid\u00ed fronty na cupcakes a ban\u00e1nov\u00fd pudink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edm rohu parku Washington Sq se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Joe's Pizza (zalo\u017een\u00e1 roku 1975) \u2013 klasick\u00e9 newyorsk\u00e9 pizzy. Na k\u00e1vu a brunch si m\u016f\u017eete d\u00e1t Caffe Reggio (instituci ve Village od roku 1927; jej\u00ed bar \u00fadajn\u011b jako prvn\u00ed v Americe pod\u00e1val cappuccino), Ferrara's Bakery (zn\u00e1m\u00e1 od roku 1892 pro cannoli a pe\u010divo) a nespo\u010det modern\u00edch kav\u00e1ren, kter\u00e9 se rozl\u00e9vaj\u00ed a\u017e na chodn\u00edky. Kli\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm mezi t\u011bmito m\u00edsty za\u017eijete atmosf\u00e9ru star\u00e9 Village: poklidn\u00e9 m\u011bstsk\u00e9 domy a historick\u00e9 kostely skryt\u00e9 uprost\u0159ed ruchu 21. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdchodn\u011b od Greenwich Village se nach\u00e1z\u00ed East Village a Lower East Side (LES). Historicky byly tyto ulice (v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Broadwaye, severn\u011b od 14. ulice) prvn\u00edm tavic\u00edm kotlem m\u011bsta. Na konci 19. a za\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed byla \u010dtvr\u0165 LES hust\u011b zastav\u011bna \u010din\u017eovn\u00edmi domy, kde se usazovaly vlny evropsk\u00fdch imigrant\u016f. Nejprve p\u0159i\u0161li N\u011bmci (co\u017e j\u00ed vyneslo p\u0159ezd\u00edvku \u201eKleindeutschland\u201c neboli Mal\u00e9 N\u011bmecko) a Irov\u00e9. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed se stala nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u017eidovskou \u010dtvrt\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b \u2013 domovem jidi\u0161 divadel a ko\u0161er pek\u00e1ren. Dnes tuto multietnickou historii uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 Muzeum \u010din\u017eovn\u00edch dom\u016f na Orchard Street. Host\u00e9 si mohou prohl\u00e9dnout zrekonstruovan\u00e9 byty, kde \u017eily imigrantsk\u00e9 rodiny v 70. a 30. letech 19. stolet\u00ed, a dozv\u011bd\u011bt se o ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b a p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed ve st\u00edsn\u011bn\u00fdch prostor\u00e1ch. Jak vysv\u011btluje web muzea: \u201eLower East Side je domovem neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b rozmanit\u00e9 skupiny imigrant\u016f sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do 19. stolet\u00ed\u2026 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako \u201aMal\u00e9 N\u011bmecko\u2018 a \u201anejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00e9 m\u011bsto sv\u011bta\u2018.\u201c Zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edliv portorick\u00fdch a asijsk\u00fdch imigrant\u016f. Proch\u00e1zka po LES v podstat\u011b znamen\u00e1 sledovat imigra\u010dn\u00ed historii n\u00e1roda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Do poloviny 20. stolet\u00ed se velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st imigrantsk\u00e9 populace odst\u011bhovala a Lower East Side z\u00edskala novou identitu. V 50. a 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed se stala st\u0159edem americk\u00e9 kultury: beatni\u010dt\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edci, punkov\u00ed rocke\u0159i a um\u011blci se sem hrnuli, proto\u017ee n\u00e1jmy byly n\u00edzk\u00e9 a prostoru (nap\u0159\u00edklad sklad\u016f) bylo dost. Legenda prav\u00ed, \u017ee v t\u00e9to oblasti bylo prvn\u00ed studio Andyho Warhola. Punkov\u00e9 kluby jako CBGB (na Bowery, v\u00fdchodn\u011b od LES) zalo\u017eily kapely jako The Ramones a Talking Heads. Na St. Mark's Place \u2013 stripu LES t\u00e1hnouc\u00edm se zhruba v\u00fdchodoz\u00e1padn\u00edm sm\u011brem kolem 9. ulice \u2013 je st\u00e1le c\u00edtit odkaz rebelie. Levn\u00e9 vodn\u00ed d\u00fdmky, obchody s vintage oble\u010den\u00edm a tetovac\u00ed salony jsou protk\u00e1ny cel\u00fdm blokem. Proch\u00e1zka po St. Mark's od Third Avenue sm\u011brem k Avenue A m\u00edj\u00ed ikonick\u00e9 obchody (jako je knihkupectv\u00ed St. Mark's, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 pro kontrakulturn\u00ed literaturu) a bary (Jimmy's, Psycho), kter\u00e9 za\u017eily desetilet\u00ed alternativn\u00ed sc\u00e9ny. Pouli\u010dn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed a n\u00e1st\u011bnn\u00e9 malby se objevuj\u00ed v uli\u010dk\u00e1ch a na st\u011bn\u00e1ch budov. I v noci m\u00e1 drsnou, energickou atmosf\u00e9ru, kter\u00e1 se docela li\u0161\u00ed od nabl\u00fdskan\u00e9 vesnice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I zdej\u0161\u00ed gastronomick\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed je siln\u00e9: v m\u00edst\u011b, kde kdysi \u017eila \u017eidovsk\u00e1 imigrantsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165, se dochovaly slavn\u00e9 star\u00e9 lah\u016fdk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Katz's Delicatessen na Houston St\/East Broadway (ji\u017en\u011b od St. Marks) je \u017eivouc\u00ed legendou \u2013 od roku 1888 pod\u00e1v\u00e1 pastrami na \u017eitn\u00e9m chlebu celebrit\u00e1m i m\u00edstn\u00edm obyvatel\u016fm (proslul svou rol\u00ed ve filmu Kdy\u017e Harry potkal Sally). Jeho neonov\u00fd n\u00e1pis a v\u016fn\u011b kou\u0159e z hov\u011bz\u00ed hrud\u00ed l\u00e1kaj\u00ed v poledne fronty u dve\u0159\u00ed. Nedaleko se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Russ & Daughters on Houston (ve skute\u010dnosti na hranici s LES) prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed uzen\u00e9 ryby, bagely a bramborov\u00e9 knish od roku 1914. (Mimochodem, jidi\u0161 slovo \u201eappetizing\u201c (chutn\u00fd) ozna\u010duje obchody jako Russ & Daughters, kter\u00e9 prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e smetanov\u00fd s\u00fdr a lososa ne\u017e maso.) Yonah Schimmel's Knish Bakery on Houston je dal\u0161\u00ed stolet\u00fd rodinn\u00fd podnik zn\u00e1m\u00fd pro bramborov\u00e9 knish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
LES se tak\u00e9 stal centrem \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch a hisp\u00e1nsk\u00fdch komunit. Dnes je \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 na dalek\u00e9m z\u00e1pad\u011b Lower East Side pln\u00e1 asijsk\u00fdch trh\u016f a restaurac\u00ed \u2013 n\u00e1stupce d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kantonsk\u00fdch a fujiansk\u00fdch p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f. (Historie \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti sah\u00e1 a\u017e do 70. let 19. stolet\u00ed, kdy sem poprv\u00e9 dorazili \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edci.) East Houston Street p\u0159edstavuje j\u00e1dro manhattansk\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti, ukotven\u00e9 u hlavn\u00edch tepen \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti (Mott, Pell, Bowery), kde se hojn\u011b nach\u00e1zej\u00ed nefritov\u00e9 obchody, bylink\u00e1\u0159e a knedl\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 prodejny. Hned vedle na Canal Street najdete st\u00e1nky s arab\u0161tinou a vin\u00e1rnami, kter\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed portorickou a dominik\u00e1nskou komunitu, je\u017e tak\u00e9 dnes utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed LES.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, East Village\/Lower East Side je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejvrstven\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165 v New Yorku. Uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 ducha imigrantsk\u00fdch \u010din\u017eovn\u00edch dom\u016f, od\u011bvn\u00edch tov\u00e1ren z po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 drsn\u00e9 kouzlo kontrakultury 70. let. Z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jednou z nejdynami\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed Manhattanu a jej\u00ed p\u011b\u0161\u00ed proch\u00e1zka je cvi\u010den\u00edm v kontrastech. Muzeum \u010din\u017eovn\u00edch dom\u016f je nutnost\u00ed pro kontext a proch\u00e1zka po Orchard Street (a\u010dkoli mnoho star\u00fdch obchod\u016f je pry\u010d) st\u00e1le nazna\u010duje jej\u00ed minulost. Mezit\u00edm je St. Mark's Place m\u00edstem, kde se m\u011bsto v noci rozproud\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 a Mal\u00e1 It\u00e1lie zab\u00edraj\u00ed mal\u00fd kout doln\u00edho Manhattanu, ale maj\u00ed velkou kulturn\u00ed historii. Manhattansk\u00e1 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 vznikla koncem 19. stolet\u00ed. Jak poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 historik Richard Eng, \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed imigranti dorazili do New Yorku v 70. letech 19. stolet\u00ed a dne\u0161n\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 se rychle rozv\u00edjela. Do roku 1880 se oblast kolem ulic Mott, Pell a Doyers ji\u017e naz\u00fdvala \u201e\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165\u201c. \u010ctvr\u0165 se pot\u00e9 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu desetilet\u00ed rozr\u016fstala na sever a v\u00fdchod. Dne\u0161n\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 (rozprost\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed se pod\u00e9l Canal Street a Chrystie) je pln\u00e1 obchod\u016f, kter\u00e9 prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u0161e od su\u0161en\u00fdch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch plod\u016f a\u017e po bylinn\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, a restaurac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00ednskou kuchyni (kantonskou, se\u010du\u00e1nskou, hunanskou, fujianskou atd.). Pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edka je stolov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti dobrodru\u017estv\u00edm: \u010detn\u00e9 restaurace nab\u00edzej\u00ed brunch dim sum, pikantn\u00ed hot pot, pe\u010denou kachnu a ru\u010dn\u011b trhan\u00e9 nudle. Siluetu oblasti lemuj\u00ed st\u0159echy ve stylu pagod a pap\u00edrov\u00e9 lucerny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Severn\u011b od \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti le\u017e\u00ed Mal\u00e1 It\u00e1lie \u2013 ale to \u201emal\u00e1\u201c je doslovn\u00e9: Manhattansk\u00e1 Mal\u00e1 It\u00e1lie se zmen\u0161ila na asi dva bloky pod\u00e9l Mulberry Street. V dob\u00e1ch sv\u00e9ho rozkv\u011btu (za\u010d\u00e1tek 20. stolet\u00ed) zde \u017eila mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed komunita italsk\u00fdch imigrant\u016f, ale gentrifikace a roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti ji dnes v\u00fdrazn\u011b zmen\u0161ily. P\u0159esto se v t\u00e9to mal\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b nach\u00e1zej\u00ed klasick\u00e9 italsko-americk\u00e9 restaurace a kav\u00e1rny. V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se ulice slav\u00ed na sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9ho Jana, kter\u00fd je odkazem na festival svat\u00fdch, jen\u017e poprv\u00e9 slavili imigranti z 19. stolet\u00ed. Restaurace jako Lombardi's Pizzeria (prvn\u00ed licencovan\u00e1 pizzerie v Americe, zalo\u017een\u00e1 v roce 1905) a pek\u00e1rny jako Ferrara's (zalo\u017een\u00e1 v roce 1892) evokuj\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru star\u00e9 \u010dtvrti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud se dnes Manhattansk\u00e1 Mal\u00e1 It\u00e1lie jev\u00ed jako turistick\u00e1, cestovatel\u00e9 hledaj\u00edc\u00ed pravou starosv\u011btskou italskou atmosf\u00e9ru se \u010dasto vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed do bronxsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti Arthur Avenue (\u201eMal\u00e1 It\u00e1lie Bronxu\u201c), kter\u00e1 je i nad\u00e1le centrem italsk\u00fdch obchod\u016f s potravinami, pek\u00e1ren a trattori\u00ed pracuj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy (viz n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st o Bronxu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Krom\u011b j\u00eddla ukazuj\u00ed \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 a Mal\u00e1 It\u00e1lie, jak se posunula etnick\u00e1 identita New Yorku. Jakmile se tyto komunity nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na jednom m\u00edst\u011b (jako prosperuj\u00edc\u00ed italsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 na Mulberry St.), n\u011bkdy migruj\u00ed nebo se rozpt\u00fdl\u00ed (na p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed, p\u0159es \u0159eky atd.). Mezit\u00edm p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed (\u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 a pozd\u011bji \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 p\u0159edefinovali tuto \u010d\u00e1st m\u011bsta na jednu z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed v zemi). Dnes se tyto dv\u011b \u010dtvrti nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na \u201eramen\u011b\u201c Manhattanu (Lower East Side, Canal St.) a l\u00e1kaj\u00ed turisty svou osobitou atmosf\u00e9rou: tlumen\u011b osv\u011btlen\u00e9 obchody s nudlemi, trhy a starom\u00f3dn\u00ed italsk\u00e9 kav\u00e1rny hned vedle sebe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Severn\u011b od Greenwich Village a z\u00e1padn\u011b od \u010dtvrti Meatpacking District le\u017e\u00ed Chelsea, oblast, kter\u00e1 za\u017eila vlny zm\u011bn. Chelsea, kdysi sm\u011bsice tov\u00e1ren a \u0159adov\u00fdch dom\u016f, je nyn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi um\u011bleck\u00fdmi galeriemi a kreativn\u00edmi startupy. High Line je klenotem Chelsea: vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed tra\u0165 p\u0159estav\u011bn\u00e1 na ve\u0159ejn\u00fd park (otev\u0159en\u00e1 po etap\u00e1ch, po\u010d\u00ednaje rokem 2009). Dnes je to bujn\u00fd, line\u00e1rn\u00ed zahradn\u00ed park t\u00e1hnouc\u00ed se od Gansevoort Street po 34th Street na manhattansk\u00e9 West Side. Ch\u016fze po High Line nab\u00edz\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9 v\u00fdhledy na m\u011bsto: proch\u00e1z\u00edte pod kovov\u00fdmi spodn\u00edmi stranami mrakodrap\u016f, d\u00edv\u00e1te se na st\u0159echy 10. Avenue a toul\u00e1te se mezi divok\u00fdmi kv\u011btinami a instalacemi. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1znamy ji popisuj\u00ed jako \u201e2,3 kilometru dlouh\u00fd vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd park\u201c postaven\u00fd na b\u00fdval\u00e9 \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed odbo\u010dce. Spojuje Chelsea s Hudson Yards a je p\u0159\u00edkladem newyorsk\u00e9 inovace \u2013 p\u0159em\u011bna opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed trati na \u017eiv\u00fd ve\u0159ejn\u00fd prostor. Na ur\u010dit\u00fdch m\u00edstech se lze pod\u00edvat dol\u016f na Chelsea na \u00farovni ulice a zahl\u00e9dnout star\u00e9 dla\u017eebn\u00ed kostky nebo cihlov\u00e9 fas\u00e1dy historick\u00fdch sklad\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pod\u00e9l High Line se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed des\u00edtky um\u011bleck\u00fdch galeri\u00ed. Chelsea se stala um\u011bleckou \u010dtvrt\u00ed v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed, pot\u00e9, co se galerie ze SoHo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily na sever. Dnes se v oblasti mezi 10. a 11. Avenue (zhruba 18. a 28. ulic\u00ed) nach\u00e1zej\u00ed stovky prostor pro sou\u010dasn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed. O v\u00edkendov\u00fdch odpoledn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch se m\u016f\u017eete proch\u00e1zet z jedn\u00e9 elegantn\u00ed galerie do druh\u00e9 a obdivovat d\u00edla avantgardn\u00edch um\u011blc\u016f. Tato \u0159ada galeri\u00ed kontrastuje s Hudson Yards, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed severn\u011bji a je nov\u011b postaven\u00fdm komplexem mrakodrap\u016f a obchod\u016f (z 20. let 21. stolet\u00ed). V Chelsea se nach\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 malebn\u00fd trh Chelsea Market (na 15. ulici), b\u00fdval\u00e1 tov\u00e1rna Nabisco, kter\u00e1 se prom\u011bnila v halu s j\u00eddlem. Uvnit\u0159 des\u00edtky prodejc\u016f prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed tacos, sushi, hum\u0159\u00ed rolky, koblihy a \u0159emesln\u00e9 koktejly \u2013 hlu\u010dn\u00e1 a ru\u0161n\u00e1 sb\u00edrka modern\u00ed newyorsk\u00e9 gastronomick\u00e9 kultury pod jednou st\u0159echou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00edmo na jih od Chelsea se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Hell's Kitchen (neboli Clinton). Kdysi proslul\u00e1 svou drsnou sc\u00e9nou, Hell's Kitchen se prom\u011bnila v centrum stravov\u00e1n\u00ed a divadel. Restaurace pod\u00e9l 9. a 10. Avenue (30. a 40. ulice) je \u017eiv\u00e1 a nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u0161e od thajsk\u00e9 p\u0159es italskou kuchyni a\u017e po gastropuby. Divadla lemuj\u00ed 42. ulici (z\u00e1padn\u011b od Times Square), tak\u017ee je v dosahu Broadwaye. D\u00edky t\u00e9to kombinaci je Hell's Kitchen \u010dasto v\u00fdhodnou ubytovac\u00ed oblast\u00ed: bl\u00edzko Broadwaye, ale obvykle o n\u011bco klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Midtown kolem Times Square.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jihoz\u00e1padn\u011b od Hell's Kitchen se nach\u00e1z\u00ed slavn\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 Meatpacking District (Gansevoort a\u017e po 14. ulici, zhruba 9. t\u0159\u00eddu a\u017e po Hudson). Kdysi doslova pln\u00e1 \u0159eznictv\u00ed a jatek (odtud n\u00e1zev), Meatpacking District v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch pro\u0161la dramatickou prom\u011bnou. V 70. a 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch jej\u00edch opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch konal undergroundov\u00fd klub a no\u010dn\u00ed \u017eivot queer komunity. Dnes je to enkl\u00e1va high-m\u00f3dy. Historick\u00fd z\u00e1znam uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee prvn\u00ed masn\u00fd trh se zde otev\u0159el v roce 1879 a v polovin\u011b 20. stolet\u00ed se stal centrem jatek. Pot\u00e9, v 90. a 2000. letech, se \u201ep\u0159ipojily luxusn\u00ed butiky\u2026 \u010d\u00edm\u017e se upevnila jeho pov\u011bst ikonick\u00e9ho a velmi m\u00f3dn\u00edho podniku\u201c. Dl\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 ulice nyn\u00ed lemuj\u00ed designov\u00e9 obchody (jako Diane von F\u00fcrstenberg's), trendy st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed bary a m\u00edsta s obl\u00edben\u00fdmi celebritami. Muzeum americk\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed Whitney, kter\u00e9 se sem v roce 2015 p\u0159est\u011bhovalo do z\u00e1\u0159iv\u011b nov\u00e9 budovy na Gansevoortu, je \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem kulturn\u00ed str\u00e1nky t\u00e9to \u010dtvrti. Ale Meatpacking si st\u00e1le uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1znaky sv\u00e9 minulosti: dochovaly se zde historick\u00e9 cedule a n\u011bkolik zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch masn\u00fdch sklad\u016f, co\u017e z n\u011bj d\u011bl\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 o pam\u011bti i luxusu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Midtown je \u0161irok\u00e1 st\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Manhattanu (zhruba od 14. do 59. ulice). Je to m\u00edsto, kde se shlukuje mnoho turistick\u00fdch ikon m\u011bsta \u2013 a \u010dasto je to nejru\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed centrum pro podniky a hotely. Mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 \u010dtvrti v Midtownu pat\u0159\u00ed Times Square<\/strong>, Herald Square<\/strong>, oblast Grand Central Terminal a pam\u00e1tky pod\u00e9l P\u00e1t\u00e9 Avenue. Zd\u016frazn\u00edme ty nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Severn\u011b od Midtownu se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Upper West Side (UWS), zhruba mezi 59. a 110. ulic\u00ed mezi Central Park West a \u0159ekou Hudson. Tato listnat\u00e1, sp\u00ed\u0161e reziden\u010dn\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165 je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi kulturn\u00edmi institucemi, klidn\u00fdmi parky a atmosf\u00e9rou p\u0159\u00e1telskou k rodin\u00e1m. Jej\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u00ed hranici tvo\u0159\u00ed zalesn\u011bn\u00e9 stezky Central Parku (od 59. ulice a\u017e po 110. ulici). Pod\u00e9l Central Park West se ty\u010d\u00ed p\u0159edv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 bytov\u00e9 domy (Dakota, Beresford atd.). Z\u00e1padn\u00ed strana UWS se t\u00e1hne pod\u00e9l n\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed \u0159eky Hudson, kde Riverside Park (59. a\u017e 125. ulice) nab\u00edz\u00ed b\u011b\u017eeck\u00e9 stezky, tenisov\u00e9 kurty a v\u00fdhledy na \u0159eku Hudson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mezi v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky na UWS pat\u0159\u00ed Lincoln Center (na 66. ulici a Broadwayi) \u2013 obrovsk\u00fd komplex m\u00fazick\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed, kde s\u00eddl\u00ed Metropolitn\u00ed opera, Newyorsk\u00fd m\u011bstsk\u00fd balet a Newyorsk\u00e1 filharmonie, a tak\u00e9 stanice PBS WNET. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok zde tis\u00edce lid\u00ed nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed balety, orchestry, opery a broadwaysk\u00e9 premi\u00e9ry. P\u00e1r blok\u016f severn\u011bji se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Americk\u00e9 muzeum p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed historie (Central Park West na 81. ulici), jedna z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch muzejn\u00edch sb\u00edrek dinosaur\u016f, drahokam\u016f a antropologick\u00fdch expon\u00e1t\u016f. Ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed pozdn\u00ed show v Lincoln Center a hv\u011bzdn\u00e9 planet\u00e1rium d\u011blaj\u00ed toto muzeum v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdm z\u00e1\u017eitkem pro rodiny s d\u011btmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Krom\u011b Lincoln Center a muzea m\u00e1 UWS zaj\u00edmavosti v okol\u00ed. Historick\u00e9 domy z hn\u011bd\u00e9ho kamene (jako nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201eMuseum Blocks\u201c na West 77th) dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru vesnice. Atletick\u00fd kampus Kolumbijsk\u00e9 univerzity se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 a\u017e do Manhattanville (oblast 125th St). UWS byla tradi\u010dn\u011b \u017eidovsk\u00e1 st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda a pod\u00e9l Broadwaye st\u00e1le najdete klasick\u00e9 lah\u016fdk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed s \u201ebagelem a lososem\u201c a \u017eidovsk\u00e9 pek\u00e1rny (Good Enough to Eat, Barney Greengrass na 86th St).<\/p>\n\n\n\n UWS vs. Upper East Side<\/strong>Je p\u0159irozen\u00e9 srovn\u00e1vat tyto dv\u011b reziden\u010dn\u00ed oblasti Uptown. Obecn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, Upper East Side (UES, v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Central Parku) je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 svou majest\u00e1tn\u00ed \u0159adou muze\u00ed a velk\u00fdmi t\u0159\u00eddami (Museum Mile na 5. Avenue, dru\u017estevn\u00ed obchody na Park Avenue a butiky na Madison Avenue). UWS je naopak o n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b form\u00e1ln\u00ed \u2013 m\u00e1 trochu lesn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru s Riverside a Central Parky, kter\u00e9 ji r\u00e1muj\u00ed, a pon\u011bkud boh\u00e9m\u0161t\u011bj\u0161\u00ed historii. Jeden cestovatelsk\u00fd koment\u00e1tor poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201eUpper East Side nab\u00edz\u00ed klidnou o\u00e1zu luxusn\u00edch obchod\u016f a muze\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, zat\u00edmco Upper West Side nab\u00edz\u00ed \u017eivou kulturn\u00ed sc\u00e9nu se snadn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem do parku a uvoln\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9rou.\u201c Obyvatel\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u011b \u010dasto \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee UWS p\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00edce \u201esousedsk\u00fdm dojmem\u201c \u2013 v poledne uvid\u00edte mnoho rodin tla\u010d\u00edc\u00edch ko\u010d\u00e1rky na chodn\u00edku \u2013 zat\u00edmco UES p\u016fsob\u00ed elegantn\u011bji a muzejn\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Stravov\u00e1n\u00ed na UWS je vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed. Arthur Avenue (ironicky za 182. ulic\u00ed) je v Bronxu, ale na stran\u011b Manhattanu vynikaj\u00ed Cafe Luxembourg na 70. ulici (americk\u00e9 bistro), Jacobs Pickles (j\u00eddlo pro hosty) a Levain Bakery (slavn\u00e9 su\u0161enky). Na Broadwayi kolem 72. nebo 86. ulice najdete nespo\u010det kav\u00e1ren, od etiopsk\u00fdch (Meskerem) po francouzsk\u00e9 (Bistro Cassis). Kav\u00e1rny pod\u00e9l Amsterdam Ave a Columbus Ave jsou tak\u00e9 velmi zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na sousedstv\u00ed (pizza z pece na d\u0159evo v Patsy's na 87. ulici, baby greens v Hu Kitchen, bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00ed j\u00eddla v Cafe Sabarsky na 86. ulici).<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00fdchodn\u011b od Central Parku se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Upper East Side (UES), t\u00e1hnouc\u00ed se zhruba od 59. ulice k 96. ulici (a\u010dkoli \u201eHorn\u00ed\u201c \u010dasto vede v\u00fd\u0161e). Tato oblast je synonymem pro velkolepou newyorskou kulturu star\u00fdch pen\u011bz. P\u00e1t\u00e1 Avenue pod\u00e9l parku (\u201eMuzejn\u00ed m\u00edle\u201c) je sv\u011btozn\u00e1m\u00e1: nach\u00e1z\u00ed se zde Metropolitn\u00ed muzeum um\u011bn\u00ed (na 82. ulici), Guggenheimovo muzeum (na 89. ulici), Frickova sb\u00edrka (na 70. ulici) a dal\u0161\u00ed. Domy, byty a t\u0159\u00eddy jsou mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e na UWS. P\u00e1t\u00e1 a Madison Avenue jsou lemov\u00e1ny luxusn\u00edmi vlajkov\u00fdmi obchody \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad Tiffany's, Louis Vuitton nebo Gucci. Park Avenue se py\u0161n\u00ed nejexkluzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi dru\u017estevn\u00edmi reziden\u010dn\u00edmi domy ve m\u011bst\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky nab\u00edz\u00ed UES jako kotvy Metropolitn\u00ed muzeum (Met) a Guggenheimovo muzeum. Schody Met jsou ikonick\u00fdm m\u00edstem setk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a jeho rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 encyklopedick\u00e1 um\u011bleck\u00e1 sb\u00edrka p\u0159itahuje davy po cel\u00fd rok. Guggenheimovo muzeum, v\u00e1lcovit\u00fd projekt navr\u017een\u00fd Frankem Lloydem Wrightem, je tak\u00e9 architektonickou ikonou. Pod\u00e9l Lexington a Third Avenue (v\u00fdchodn\u011b od 5. ulice) se \u010dtvr\u0165 m\u011bn\u00ed v obchody, kav\u00e1rny a b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00fd \u017eivot \u2013 restaurace v\u0161eho druhu, od lah\u016fdk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a\u017e po japonsk\u00e9 sushi bary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V UES nechyb\u00ed ani gastronomie: Madison Avenue je pln\u00e1 michelinsk\u00fdch restaurac\u00ed a luxusn\u00edch podnik\u016f s brunchem. Mezi obl\u00edben\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed podniky pat\u0159\u00ed Alice's Tea Cup (pro scones a \u010daj) a Pascalou (francouzsk\u00e9 bistro). Na East 86th najdete Sistinu (italsk\u00e1 klasika) a RedFarm (inovativn\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 dim sum). Rodiny si UES \u010dasto vyb\u00edraj\u00ed jako hotelovou z\u00e1kladnu pro snadn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k Metropolitn\u00ed galerii a zoo v Central Parku. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o reziden\u010dn\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165, m\u016f\u017ee se ve\u010der zd\u00e1t klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v Midtownu nebo \u010dtvrti Village.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pozoruhodn\u00fd kontrast: zat\u00edmco Upper West Side je n\u011bkdy ozna\u010dov\u00e1na jako \u201e\u017div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e1 sc\u00e9na \/ Rodiny\u201c, UES je \u201eMajest\u00e1tn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \/ Muzea \/ Luxusn\u00ed nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c. Za slune\u010dn\u00e9ho dne v Central Parku se lze snadno proj\u00edt od Metropolitn\u00ed opery na P\u00e1t\u00e9 avenue p\u0159es park k Sheep Meadow a Bethesda Terrace \u2013 a za\u017e\u00edt tak oba klenoty m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti b\u011bhem jednoho odpoledne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Severn\u011b od Central Parku, nad 110. ulic\u00ed, le\u017e\u00ed Harlem, historicky afroamerick\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 Manhattanu. Po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed byl Harlem \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem \u010derno\u0161sk\u00e9 kultury a historie. Ve 20. a 30. letech 20. stolet\u00ed byl centrem harlemsk\u00e9 renesance, um\u011bleck\u00e9ho a intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edho hnut\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e spisovatel\u00e9, hudebn\u00edci a myslitel\u00e9 jako Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Duke Ellington a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch vytv\u00e1\u0159eli nov\u00e9 formy um\u011bn\u00ed a literatury. Odkaz p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 v n\u00e1zvech ulic a instituc\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jednou z ikon je zdej\u0161\u00ed divadlo Apollo na 125. ulici (jeho stan je jasn\u011b viditeln\u00fd). Divadlo Apollo, otev\u0159en\u00e9 v roce 1913, se proslavilo sv\u00fdmi p\u0159edstaven\u00edmi v r\u00e1mci \u201eAmat\u00e9rsk\u00e9ho ve\u010dera\u201c, kter\u00e1 odstartovala kari\u00e9ru um\u011blc\u016f, jako byli Ella Fitzgerald a James Brown. Bylo prohl\u00e1\u0161eno za n\u00e1rodn\u00ed historickou pam\u00e1tku. Dnes stan a neon st\u00e1le jasn\u011b z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a \u010dast\u00e9 jazzov\u00e9, soulov\u00e9 a gospelov\u00e9 koncerty p\u0159itahuj\u00ed davy. Kousek p\u011b\u0161ky na z\u00e1pad se nach\u00e1z\u00ed park Marcuse Garveyho (Madison Square Park) s amfite\u00e1trem, kde se konaj\u00ed letn\u00ed koncerty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hlavn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed ulic\u00ed Harlemu je 125. ulice. V okoln\u00edch bloc\u00edch se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed obchody prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed afroamerick\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, knihy a oble\u010den\u00ed. Slavn\u00fdm m\u00edstem pro focen\u00ed je bronzov\u00fd pavilon Duke Ellingtona pobl\u00ed\u017e z\u00e1padn\u00edho konce, oslavuj\u00edc\u00ed jazzovou legendu, kter\u00e1 vyrostla v Harlemu. Dal\u0161\u00ed pam\u00e1tkou je Schomburgovo centrum pro v\u00fdzkum \u010derno\u0161sk\u00e9 kultury (Lenox Ave na 135. ulici), kter\u00e9 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed syst\u00e9mu NYPL a zam\u011b\u0159uje se na historii africk\u00e9 diaspory. Tato m\u00edsta zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee Harlem je z\u00f3nou kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Harlemu je du\u0161e du\u0161e a du\u0161e du\u0161e. Tato \u010dtvr\u0165 je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi restauracemi zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdmi na du\u0161e du\u0161e. Restaurace Sylvia's Restaurant of Harlem, kterou v roce 1962 otev\u0159ela \u201eSylvia Woods \u2013 kr\u00e1lovna du\u0161e j\u00eddla\u201c, je celost\u00e1tn\u011b proslul\u00e1. V restauraci Sylvia's pove\u010de\u0159el i prezident Barack Obama (a Nelson Mandela a Oprah Winfrey). Na 125. ulici l\u00e1k\u00e1 Sylvia's hosty svou fialovou fas\u00e1dou. O blok ji\u017en\u011bji se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Amy Ruth's (Frederick Douglass Blvd na 114. ulici), dal\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1lice se sma\u017een\u00fdm ku\u0159etem a vaflemi. Pouli\u010dn\u00ed trhy (nap\u0159\u00edklad Harlem Week v srpnu) oslavuj\u00ed tuto kuchyni nab\u00eddkou krevet s krupic\u00ed, volsk\u00e9ho ocasu, pala\u010dinek a broskvov\u00e9ho cobbleru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Harlem m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 slavn\u00e9 \u010derno\u0161sk\u00e9 kostely. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Abyssinian Baptist Church (na rohu 138. ulice a Lenoxu) \u2013 zalo\u017een\u00fd na po\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed \u2013 se stal centrem komunity a gospelov\u00e9 hudby. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci se mohou (vhodn\u011b ti\u0161e a s respektem) z\u00fa\u010dastnit ned\u011bln\u00edch rann\u00edch bohoslu\u017eeb (se sborem), aby si mohli vychutnat bohatou hudebn\u00ed tradici. St. John's Baptist a Mother African Methodist Episcopal tak\u00e9 po\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed p\u0159i zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech siln\u00e9 gospelov\u00e9 koncerty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Architektonicky Harlem m\u00eds\u00ed \u0159adov\u00e9 domy (jako v Sugar Hill u St. Nicholas Ave) s modern\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi budovami. Severn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Harlemu kolem 145. ulice a v\u00fd\u0161e m\u00e1 velk\u00e9 bytov\u00e9 projekty postaven\u00e9 v polovin\u011b stolet\u00ed. V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se Harlem v\u00fdrazn\u011b gentrifikoval: nov\u00e9 byty a \u0159et\u011bzcov\u00e9 restaurace sd\u00edlej\u00ed bloky s klasick\u00fdmi rodinn\u00fdmi domy. Poselstv\u00ed je v\u0161ak jasn\u00e9: Harlem z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pil\u00ed\u0159em \u010derno\u0161sk\u00e9 identity New Yorku, od Langstona Hughese, kter\u00fd zde p\u00ed\u0161e poezii, a\u017e po hlavn\u00ed hudebn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy proj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed Apollem. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno: n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk by m\u011bl poc\u00edtit hrdost Harlemu \u2013 je to skute\u010dn\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed centrum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Brooklyn, le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b East River, je nyn\u00ed co do po\u010dtu obyvatel nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011bstskou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed New Yorku. Nab\u00edz\u00ed kombinaci historie a hipstersk\u00fdch inovac\u00ed. Vyzdvihneme n\u011bkolik kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159es Brooklynsk\u00fd most z Manhattanu se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Brooklyn Heights, jedno z prvn\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed pro doj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed v USA. Jeho s\u00ed\u0165 tich\u00fdch, listnat\u00fdch ulic je lemov\u00e1na dob\u0159e zachoval\u00fdmi hn\u011bd\u00fdmi domy z 19. stolet\u00ed. Mnoho dom\u016f poch\u00e1z\u00ed z poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed, co\u017e mu dod\u00e1v\u00e1 starosv\u011btsk\u00e9 kouzlo. P\u0159edn\u00ed verandy a lucerny zde p\u016fsob\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jako vesnick\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165. Hlavn\u00ed atrakc\u00ed je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b promen\u00e1da Brooklyn Heights \u2013 vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd chodn\u00edk pod\u00e9l Esplanade (mezi Hudson Ave a BQE), kter\u00fd nab\u00edz\u00ed \u201en\u00e1dhern\u00fd v\u00fdhled na centrum Manhattanu, East River a Brooklynsk\u00fd most\u201c. M\u00edstn\u00ed zde b\u011bhaj\u00ed nebo piknikuj\u00ed a kochaj\u00ed se z\u00e1pady slunce za mrakodrapy. Okraj promen\u00e1dy lemuj\u00ed honosn\u00e9 domy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee Brooklyn Heights se v polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed stal bohatou \u010dtvrt\u00ed, kdy parn\u00ed trajekty umo\u017enily doj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed do Doln\u00edho Manhattanu. Dnes z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jednou z nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejreziden\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed New Yorku. Levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hotely v centru m\u011bsta, a p\u0159esto jen p\u00e1r minut od Manhattanu, je \u010dasto doporu\u010dov\u00e1n n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru: na Henry St. a Clark St. lemovan\u00fdch stromy se nach\u00e1z\u00ed spousta restaurac\u00ed (italsk\u00e1 v Colonie, burgery v Hometown Bar-B-Que) a kav\u00e1ren, kde si m\u016f\u017eete d\u00e1t pohodov\u00fd brunch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Promen\u00e1da Brooklyn Heights nab\u00edz\u00ed \u201en\u00e1dhern\u00fd v\u00fdhled na centrum Manhattanu, East River a Brooklynsk\u00fd most\u201c s majest\u00e1tn\u00edmi historick\u00fdmi m\u011bstsk\u00fdmi domy lemuj\u00edc\u00edmi cestu. Z n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete sledovat oblouk lan Brooklynsk\u00e9ho mostu vedouc\u00ed a\u017e na Manhattan. Nedaleko se pod\u00e9l n\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed t\u00e1hne historick\u00fd park Brooklyn Bridge Park s h\u0159i\u0161ti, moly a tr\u00e1vn\u00edky. V ned\u011bli bez aut se zde rodiny jezd\u00ed na kole a opaluj\u00ed; stezku vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed b\u011b\u017eci s mrakodrapy na obzoru. Tento park a promen\u00e1da na n\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b d\u011blaj\u00ed z Brooklyn Heights malebn\u00e9 m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00fdchodn\u011b od Brooklyn Heights (p\u0159es obloukov\u00fd pr\u016fjezd pod Manhattan Bridge) se nach\u00e1z\u00ed DUMBO (\u201eDown Under the Manhattan Bridge Overpass\u201c). D\u0159\u00edve zkratka pro pr\u016fmyslovou z\u00f3nu s ml\u00fdny a sklady, DUMBO se stalo um\u011bleckou a podnikatelskou enkl\u00e1vou. V jeho dl\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch ulic\u00edch a p\u0159estav\u011bn\u00fdch loftech se nyn\u00ed nach\u00e1zej\u00ed technologick\u00e9 startupy, um\u011bleck\u00e9 galerie a butiky. Nab\u00edz\u00ed tak\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejdramati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhled na Manhattan Bridge or\u00e1movan\u00fd Empire State Building \u2013 obl\u00edben\u00e9 m\u00edsto fotograf\u016f na Washington St (na rohu ulic Front a Water Street). O letn\u00edch v\u00edkendech se oblast hem\u017e\u00ed lidmi z Brooklyn Flea (trh se staro\u017eitnostmi a um\u011bn\u00edm v sobotu) nebo n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky proch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmi se star\u00fdmi ulicemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n DUMBO (Down Under the Manhattan Bridge Overpass) \u201eje jednou z nejnav\u0161t\u011bvovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010dtvrt\u00ed Brooklynu, kter\u00e1 l\u00e1k\u00e1 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky sv\u00fdmi dl\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdmi ulicemi, dramatickou architekturou, skv\u011bl\u00fdm stravov\u00e1n\u00edm a snov\u00fdmi v\u00fdhledy na \u0159eku.\u201c Tento magnet l\u00e1k\u00e1 davy na malebn\u00e9 n\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. Jednou z nejrozmarn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pam\u00e1tek DUMBO je vskutku Jane's Carousel, historick\u00fd koloto\u010d z 20. let 20. stolet\u00ed, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v pr\u016fhledn\u00e9m sklen\u011bn\u00e9m pavilonu na n\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed (viditeln\u00fd na fotografii v\u00fd\u0161e). Jane's Carousel, postaven\u00fd v roce 1922 v Chicagu a p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd sem v roce 2011, je p\u0159esn\u011b 100 let star\u00fd a st\u00e1le t\u011b\u0161\u00ed rodiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Stravov\u00e1n\u00ed v DUMBO t\u011b\u017e\u00ed z v\u00fdhled\u016f. Tato \u010dtvr\u0165 se py\u0161n\u00ed luxusn\u00ed restaura\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9nou (The River Caf\u00e9, zastr\u010den\u00e9 pod mostem, je dlouholet\u00fdm podnikem ocen\u011bn\u00fdm michelinskou hv\u011bzdou s v\u00fdhledem na panorama m\u011bsta). V m\u00e9n\u011b form\u00e1ln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed se zde nach\u00e1zej\u00ed legendy pizzy: Juliana's a Grimaldi's (pizza z uheln\u00e9 pece) zde da\u0159\u00ed a p\u0159itahuj\u00ed fronty hladov\u00fdch obyvatel Brooklynu. Pro leh\u010d\u00ed ob\u010derstven\u00ed je tu Time Out Market (ned\u00e1vno otev\u0159en\u00fd v zrekonstruovan\u00e9 tov\u00e1rn\u011b na hodinky), kde se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed des\u00edtky prodejc\u016f j\u00eddla pod jednou st\u0159echou s v\u00fdhledem na Manhattan. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b \u0159eky se do 10 minut j\u00edzdy autem nach\u00e1z\u00ed nespo\u010det modern\u00edch restaurac\u00ed v Cobble Hill a centru Brooklynu, co\u017e z DUMBO d\u011bl\u00e1 strategickou z\u00e1kladnu pro plnohodnotn\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitek z Brooklynu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Severn\u011b od Brooklynsk\u00e9ho mostu (p\u0159es Navy Yard) a t\u00e1hnouc\u00ed se a\u017e do Long Island City (Queens) se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Williamsburg \u2013 epicentrum brooklynsk\u00e9 \u201ehipstersk\u00e9\u201c kultury v prvn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed 21. stolet\u00ed. Williamsburgsk\u00e9 n\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed a koridor Bedford Avenue, kdysi pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 skladovac\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165, rozkvetly d\u00edky sklad\u016fm p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bn\u00fdm na byty, butiky a no\u010dn\u00ed podniky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kouzlo Williamsburgu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jeho sm\u011bsici mlad\u00fdch kreativc\u016f a znovuobjeven\u00fdch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch prostor. St\u00e1tn\u00ed park East River (nyn\u00ed Marsha P. Johnson State Park) nab\u00edz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed pohled na panorama Manhattanu a host\u00ed Smorgasburg, obrovsk\u00fd t\u00fddenn\u00ed venkovn\u00ed trh s potravinami s des\u00edtkami prodejc\u016f. Pod\u00e9l Bedford Avenue a jej\u00edch bo\u010dn\u00edch ulic najdete v\u0161e od \u0159emesln\u00fdch pek\u00e1ren (jako Bakeri a Blue Bottle Coffee) a\u017e po nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 obchody s oble\u010den\u00edm (opening Ceremony, Uniqlo atd.). Second handy a obchody s deskami se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na vintage estetiku. V noci se ulice hem\u017e\u00ed hudebn\u00edmi podniky: rockov\u00fdmi kluby, punkov\u00fdmi bary a velk\u00fdmi koncertn\u00edmi prostory, jako je Brooklyn Bowl (bowlingov\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha s \u017eivou hudbou).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pokud hled\u00e1te levn\u00e9 j\u00eddlo v New Yorku, pr\u016fvodce doporu\u010duje prozkoumat etnick\u00e9 \u010dtvrti: oblasti jako nedalek\u00fd Smorgasburg ve Williamsburgu nab\u00edzej\u00ed origin\u00e1ln\u00ed j\u00eddla za ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ceny. Los Tacos No. 1 (uzn\u00e1van\u00fd st\u00e1nek s tacos z newyorsk\u00e9ho trhu Chelsea Market) m\u00e1 dokonce svou pobo\u010dku na trhu Smorgasburg ve Williamsburgu, kter\u00fd vymezuje hranice mezi ob\u011bma m\u011bstsk\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi. Pod\u00e9l Bedfordu se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed tak\u00e9 mal\u00e9, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed restaurace: Fette Sau (pro \u0159emesln\u00e9 grilov\u00e1n\u00ed), Mehana (pro atmosf\u00e9ru tureck\u00e9 kav\u00e1rny) a Peter Luger Steak House (starom\u00f3dn\u00ed luxusn\u00ed steakhouse na Bedfordu; brooklynsk\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f na manhattanskou?). Oblast je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na kreativn\u00edmi koktejly a m\u00edstn\u00edmi pivy (Williamsburg byl pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem v minipivovarech jako Brooklyn Brewery a barech jako Egg, a\u010dkoli n\u011bkter\u00e9 z prvn\u00edch podnik\u016f se v posledn\u00edch letech p\u0159esunuly).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pouli\u010dn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed je zde v\u0161ude kolem: n\u00e1st\u011bnn\u00e9 malby a p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 pasty najdete na Bedfordu, North 6th a dokonce i pod rampou BQE na Wythe Avenue. Hudebn\u00ed a m\u00f3dn\u00ed akce se \u010dasto konaj\u00ed ve skladech. P\u0159es most Williamsburg (otev\u0159en\u00fd v roce 1903) proud\u00ed v dopravn\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dce na Manhattan velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed \u2013 jeho p\u011b\u0161\u00ed chodn\u00edk je obl\u00edben\u00fd pro b\u011bh\u00e1n\u00ed. Politicky je Williamsburg tak\u00e9 centrem aktivismu (s v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi prvom\u00e1jov\u00fdmi pochody od 80. let) \u2013 co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed jeho mladou a rozmanitou demografickou skupinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00e1le na jih v Brooklynu le\u017e\u00ed Park Slope a okoln\u00ed \u010dtvrti, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sv\u00fdmi hn\u011bd\u00fdmi domy a rodinami s d\u011btmi. Park Slope (rozprost\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed se kolem 7. a 8. Avenue a Flatbush Ave) je \u010dasto hodnocen jako jedna z nejlep\u0161\u00edch \u010dtvrt\u00ed New Yorku pro rodiny s d\u011btmi. Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se zde mnoho ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch i soukrom\u00fdch \u0161kol, h\u0159i\u0161\u0165 a obrovsk\u00fd Prospect Park (navr\u017een\u00fd stejn\u00fdmi architekty jako Central Park). Krom\u011b parku je m\u00edstn\u00ed dominantou Grand Army Plaza (na 7. Avenue a Flatbush) s jeho Obloukem voj\u00e1k\u016f a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Stravovac\u00ed a n\u00e1kupn\u00ed sc\u00e9na v Park Slope se zam\u011b\u0159uje sp\u00ed\u0161e na m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatele: bio kav\u00e1rny, obchody s hra\u010dkami a ob\u010dasn\u00e9 pivovary vhodn\u00e9 pro d\u011bti (pivovar Brooklyn Brewery se nach\u00e1z\u00ed nedaleko v Gowanus). Ve\u010der je zde relativn\u011b klid a kriminalita je velmi n\u00edzk\u00e1 (jedna studie z roku 2024 ozna\u010dila Park Slope za jedno z nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst pro rodiny s d\u011btmi v New Yorku).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Brooklyn Heights, DUMBO, Williamsburg a Park Slope spole\u010dn\u011b ukazuj\u00ed, jak se Brooklyn v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch prom\u011bnil ze skromn\u00e9 \u200b\u200b\u010dtvrti ve vyhled\u00e1vanou m\u011bstskou \u010dtvr\u0165. Nab\u00edz\u00ed obytn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a prostorn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kontrast k hust\u00e9 z\u00e1stavb\u011b Manhattanu, a p\u0159itom je st\u00e1le pln\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00e9 struktury.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Na ji\u017en\u00edm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Brooklynu le\u017e\u00ed Coney Island, starom\u00f3dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sk\u00e1 z\u00e1bavn\u00ed oblast, kter\u00e1 p\u016fsob\u00ed jako naprost\u00fd kousek od mrakodrap\u016f. Slavn\u00e1 promen\u00e1da (postaven\u00e1 v roce 1923) se t\u00e1hne n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f pod\u00e9l Atlantsk\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu. Pod\u00e9l n\u00ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Cyclone (klasick\u00e1 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1 horsk\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha z roku 1927, kter\u00e1 je st\u00e1le v provozu) a Wonder Wheel (rusk\u00e9 kolo z roku 1920, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b po kolej\u00edch). Luna Park (modern\u00ed verze z\u00e1bavn\u00edho parku z 19. stolet\u00ed) nab\u00edz\u00ed horsk\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy, z\u00e1bavn\u00ed domy a herny Midway Games. V l\u00e9t\u011b se na Coney Island sj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed tis\u00edce lid\u00ed kv\u016fli pl\u00e1\u017ei, atrakc\u00edm a hot dog\u016fm v Nathan's Famous (p\u016fvodn\u00ed st\u00e1nek je na Surf Avenue, kde se 4. \u010dervence kon\u00e1 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed sout\u011b\u017e v poj\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed hot dog\u016f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Coney Island je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Brooklynu, ale je natolik osobit\u00fd, \u017ee si zaslou\u017e\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed zm\u00ednku. Z\u00e1bavn\u00ed parky a p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sk\u00e1 architektura mu dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed historick\u00fd, americk\u00fd n\u00e1dech. Newyorsk\u00e9 akv\u00e1rium a dodnes stoj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011b\u017e Parachute Jump dopl\u0148uj\u00ed jeho dominanty. V noci blikaj\u00ed sv\u011btla atrakc\u00ed a neonov\u00e9 n\u00e1pisy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed star\u00e9 pohlednice z atrakc\u00ed. Mnoho Newyor\u010dan\u016f si konec l\u00e9ta p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 posledn\u00edm koup\u00e1n\u00edm nebo j\u00edzdou na Coney Island.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u011bstsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st Queens je proslul\u00e1 etnicky nejrozmanit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bstskou oblast\u00ed na Zemi. Je rozlehl\u00e1: mrakodrapy Long Island City se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed hned za Midtownem, ale d\u00e1le na v\u00fdchod se \u010dtvr\u0165 t\u00e1hne do p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed. Vyzdvihneme n\u011bkolik \u010dtvrt\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fdch sv\u00fdmi jedine\u010dn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Long Island City je nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm bodem Queensu k Manhattanu, hned p\u0159es \u0159eku East River od Midtownu. Po stolet\u00ed to bylo pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 n\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed, ale od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2000 se stalo rozmachem m\u011bsta byt\u016f a um\u011bleck\u00fdch prostor. Dnes des\u00edtky mrakodrap\u016f pod\u00e9l \u0159eky nab\u00edzej\u00ed byty s v\u00fdhledem na panorama m\u011bsta. N\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed (st\u00e1tn\u00ed park Gantry Plaza) m\u00e1 chodn\u00edky a mola pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1padu slunce (pozoruhodn\u011b, osv\u011btlen\u00fd n\u00e1pis Pepsi-Cola je symbolem LIC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n LIC je tak\u00e9 centrem um\u011bn\u00ed. MoMA PS1, provozovan\u00e9 Muzeem modern\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed, s\u00eddl\u00ed v b\u00fdval\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed budov\u011b a je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch prostor pro sou\u010dasn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b. Po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdstavy a obl\u00edben\u00fd letn\u00ed hudebn\u00ed festival (\u201eWarm Up\u201c). V cel\u00e9 \u010dtvrti vyrostly galerie a ateli\u00e9ry; dokonce i nov\u00e9 um\u011bleck\u00e9 hotely host\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e1 um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla. Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny z p\u0159elomu stolet\u00ed byly p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bny na kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 lofty a divadla (nap\u0159\u00edklad Culture Lab ve star\u00e9 tov\u00e1rn\u011b na klav\u00edry na 42. t\u0159\u00edd\u011b).<\/p>\n\n\n\n V posledn\u00edch letech se v Long Island City rozv\u00edj\u00ed k\u00e1vov\u00e1 a pivovarnick\u00e1 sc\u00e9na: m\u00edstn\u00ed pra\u017e\u00edrny jako Fat Cat a Eagle Rare a minipivovary jako Fifth Hammer. Kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 speciality zahrnuj\u00ed v\u0161e od beng\u00e1lsk\u00e9 po polskou kuchyni: restaurace na Vernon Blvd maj\u00ed \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu pokrm\u016f, co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed sm\u011bs imigrant\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Severn\u011b od LIC le\u017e\u00ed Astoria, dlouholet\u00e9 centrum \u0159ecko-americk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Jej\u00ed 30. avenue je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi obchody s olivami, ouzo bary a starom\u00f3dn\u00edmi tavernami (v m\u00edstn\u00ed bro\u017eu\u0159e se \u017eertem uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee je to \u201et\u0159et\u00ed m\u011bsto \u0158ecka\u201c). Spanakopitu a gyros st\u00e1le najdete v okol\u00ed Steinway Street a Ditmars Blvd. Astoria je v\u0161ak dnes velmi rozmanit\u00e1: k n\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 velk\u00e1 populace Egypta, Braz\u00edlie a ji\u017en\u00ed Asie a na ka\u017ed\u00e9m bloku lze sly\u0161et nejm\u00e9n\u011b tucet jazyk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mezi kulturn\u00ed atrakce Astorie pat\u0159\u00ed Muzeum pohybliv\u00e9ho obrazu (Astoria Blvd, na pozemku star\u00e9ho filmov\u00e9ho studia Astoria). Toto interaktivn\u00ed muzeum (p\u0159est\u011bhovan\u00e9 do vlastn\u00ed budovy v roce 2020) zkoum\u00e1 film, televizi a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed kulturu s interaktivn\u00edmi expon\u00e1ty. Nedaleko se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Noguchiho muzeum v modern\u00edm pavilonu uprost\u0159ed socha\u0159sk\u00fdch zahrad, kter\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed d\u00edlo japonsko-americk\u00e9ho um\u011blce Isamu Noguchiho (kter\u00fd \u017eil a pracoval v Long Island City).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Astoria Park, le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed pod\u00e9l \u0159eky East River, nab\u00edz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed malebn\u00fd v\u00fdhled na Manhattan \u2013 odtud je vid\u011bt mosty Hell Gate a Triborough Bridges, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00ed \u0159eku. Astoria m\u00e1 nejm\u00e9n\u011b p\u016fl tuctu park\u016f, co\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e mnoho jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Manhattanu. Metro Ditmars Blvd (linka N\/W) nab\u00edz\u00ed rychl\u00e9 spojen\u00ed do Midtownu, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e je Astoria obl\u00edben\u00e1 u mlad\u00fdch profesion\u00e1l\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed hledaj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1jmy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 pozn\u00e1mka: Astoria m\u00e1 mnoho etnick\u00fdch kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch center. Nap\u0159\u00edklad troj\u00faheln\u00edk kolem Steinway a 31. ulice je centrem bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00ed kuchyn\u011b (libanonsk\u00e9, egyptsk\u00e9) s vodn\u00edmi d\u00fdmkami a falafelov\u00fdmi podniky. Na Ditmars Blvd se krom\u011b \u0159eck\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b nach\u00e1zej\u00ed i barmsk\u00e9 a n\u011bmeck\u00e9 podniky. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, Astoria je p\u0159\u00edkladem st\u00e1lice Queensu: \u010dtvrti, kde si m\u016f\u017eete d\u00e1t speciality z mnoha kontinent\u016f jen p\u00e1r blok\u016f od sebe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jackson Heights (severn\u00ed Queens, kolem 74. ulice a Broadwaye) je \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1na za typicky rozmanitou newyorskou \u010dtvr\u0165. \u017dije zde \u0159ada komunit imigrant\u016f. Po desetilet\u00ed je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201eMal\u00e1 Indie\u201c s obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b velk\u00fdm zastoupen\u00edm jihoasijsk\u00fdch obyvatel (Ind\u016f, Banglad\u00e9\u0161\u016f, Nep\u00e1lc\u016f a P\u00e1kist\u00e1nc\u016f). 74. ulice je lemov\u00e1na obchody se s\u00e1r\u00ed, obchody s bollywoodsk\u00fdmi DVD a des\u00edtkami kari restaurac\u00ed. V posledn\u00edch letech dorazily dal\u0161\u00ed vlny: banglad\u00e9\u0161\u0161t\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ili kolem \u201eBangladesh Bazaar\u201c na 74. ulici a roste zde i tibetsk\u00e1 komunita. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech Jackson Heights \u017eije prominentn\u00ed latinskoamerick\u00e1 (zejm\u00e9na kolumbijsk\u00e1) populace a tak\u00e9 mnoho filip\u00ednsk\u00fdch a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch rodin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Z pohledu zasv\u011bcen\u00fdch lid\u00ed si ka\u017ed\u00e1 etnick\u00e1 skupina p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed: Business Insider popisuje Jackson Heights jako \u201eMalou Indii, Banglad\u00e9\u0161skou ulici a Malou Kolumbii vedle sebe, kde se pod\u00e1v\u00e1 fuchka a arepas\u201c. (Fuchka je pouli\u010dn\u00ed j\u00eddlo v podob\u011b pln\u011bn\u00fdch sma\u017een\u00fdch t\u011bstov\u00fdch kuli\u010dek z Beng\u00e1lska; arepas jsou kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 kol\u00e1\u010dky z Kolumbie\/Venezuely.) Kdykoli odpoledne m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt kolumbijsk\u00e9 pek\u00e1rny hned vedle st\u00e1nk\u016f s nep\u00e1lsk\u00fdmi momos. D\u00edky t\u00e9to sm\u011bsici se Jackson Heights stalo r\u00e1jem pro milovn\u00edky j\u00eddla: v t\u011bchto bloc\u00edch se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed nejdostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejorigin\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed j\u00eddla v New Yorku. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Tortilleria Nixtamal je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi salvadorsk\u00fdmi quesadillami a pupusas a SriPraPhai na 37. Avenue je sv\u011btov\u011b proslul\u00e1 thajskou kuchyn\u00ed (kterou p\u0159itahuje thajsk\u00e1 komunita z Queensu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jackson Heights se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit tak\u00e9 kr\u00e1snou historickou architekturou: stromy lemovan\u00fdmi apartm\u00e1ny Garden Apartments (kdysi snem bytov\u00fdch reform\u00e1tor\u016f z po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed) a star\u00fdmi st\u00e1nky s \u017eetony v metru. Hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1kupn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda, Roosevelt Avenue (72.\u201374. ulice), je pln\u00e1 barev, zvuk\u016f a jazyk\u016f. Metro (linky E, F, R atd.) a autobusy z n\u011bj d\u011blaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed bazar pro dobrodru\u017en\u00e9 str\u00e1vn\u00edky a nakupuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1le na v\u00fdchod v Queensu se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Flushing, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 v Queensu (po Manhattanu). Centrum se nach\u00e1z\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e Main Street a Roosevelt Ave v severn\u00edm Queensu, naproti Citi Field (domov New York Mets) a Queens Botanical Garden. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 komunita ve Flushingu je jednou z nejrychleji rostouc\u00edch ve m\u011bst\u011b. Na rozd\u00edl od manhattansk\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti, kter\u00e1 byla p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b kantonsk\u00e1, m\u00e1 Flushing \u0161irokou sm\u011bs \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch imigrantsk\u00fdch podskupin (Kantonci, Mandar\u00edni, Fuzhounov\u00e9, \u0160anghajci atd.) a tak\u00e9 mnoho korejsk\u00fdch a jihoasijsk\u00fdch obyvatel. Jeden odhad ozna\u010duje Flushing za \u201ekulin\u00e1\u0159skou destinaci\u201c vybudovanou jeho \u010d\u00ednskou a korejskou komunitou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Proch\u00e1zka po hlavn\u00ed ulici ve Flushingu p\u016fsob\u00ed jako pobyt ve velkom\u011bst\u011b v Asii. Najdete zde nekone\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pal\u00e1c\u016f dim sum a obchod\u016f s nudlemi. Mezi v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 restauracemi najdete se\u010du\u00e1nsk\u00e9 hork\u00e9 kotl\u00edky, pekingsk\u00e9 kachn\u00ed restaurace, tchajwansk\u00e9 st\u00e1nky s bubble tea a halal \u010d\u00ednsko-muslimsk\u00e9 st\u00e1nky s jehn\u011b\u010d\u00edmi nudlemi. Korejci se soust\u0159edili pod\u00e9l Northern Blvd (\u010d\u00e1st n\u011bkdy naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 Koreatown) s korejsk\u00fdmi grilovac\u00edmi podniky a pek\u00e1rnami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mezi kulturn\u00ed atrakce ve Flushingu pat\u0159\u00ed: radnice ve Flushingu (historick\u00e9 hudebn\u00ed m\u00edsto v budov\u011b z roku 1862), botanick\u00e1 zahrada Queens Botanical Garden (japonsk\u00e1 zahrada s kopci a rybn\u00edky) a hned vedlej\u0161\u00ed park Flushing Meadows\u2013Corona Park (m\u00edsto kon\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fdch v\u00fdstav v letech 1939 a 1964). Citi Field (domov Mets) na ji\u017en\u00edm okraji parku tak\u00e9 p\u0159itahuje des\u00edtky tis\u00edc lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, \u010dtvrti v Queensu odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed povahu New Yorku: ka\u017ed\u00e1 enkl\u00e1va, od modern\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny v LIC a\u017e po atmosf\u00e9ru blokov\u00fdch p\u00e1rty v Jackson Heights, ukazuje, jak imigranti a inov\u00e1to\u0159i utv\u00e1\u0159eli m\u011bsto. Zat\u00edmco Manhattan se \u010dasto dost\u00e1v\u00e1 na tituln\u00ed str\u00e1nky novin, m\u00edstn\u00ed v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee du\u0161e New Yorku \u010dasto s\u00eddl\u00ed v t\u011bchto komunit\u00e1ch v horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti, kter\u00e9 jsou vzd\u00e1leny jen kousek metrem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bronx na severn\u00edm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Manhattanu nab\u00edz\u00ed jin\u00fd pohled na charakter m\u011bsta. Nach\u00e1zej\u00ed se zde dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed \u201em\u00edsta, kter\u00e1 mus\u00edte vid\u011bt\u201c, a tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolik autentick\u00fdch m\u00edstn\u00edch \u010dtvrt\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Okol\u00ed Bronx Parku (od Pelham Parkway po Fordham Road) tak nab\u00edz\u00ed mnoho atrakc\u00ed. Na rozd\u00edl od ji\u017en\u00edch \u010dtvrt\u00ed Bronxu je zde okol\u00ed zelen\u00e9, rozlehl\u00e9 a obytn\u00e9. Mnoho m\u00edstn\u00edch rodin piknikuje na tr\u00e1vn\u00edc\u00edch nebo si p\u016fj\u010duje kola. Tato \u010d\u00e1st Bronxu se n\u011bkdy naz\u00fdv\u00e1 bronxskou \u201emuzejn\u00ed m\u00edl\u00ed\u201c (kv\u016fli zoo a zahrad\u011b) a je vhodn\u00e1 pro rodiny s d\u011btmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Krom\u011b park\u016f maj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dtvrti Bronxu svou vlastn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru. Riverdale na dalek\u00e9m severoz\u00e1pad\u011b (hrani\u010d\u00edc\u00ed s Yonkers) je p\u0159edm\u011bstsk\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 s n\u011bkolika s\u00eddli\u0161ti a p\u0159\u00edm\u011bstsk\u00fdmi vlaky na Manhattan. Fordham Road, hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1kupn\u00ed ulice Bronxu (kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Fordham University a The Hub), je pln\u00e1 rozmanit\u00fdch pouli\u010dn\u00edch prodejc\u016f a kolemjdouc\u00edch. Demografick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed \u010dtvrti je v\u011bt\u0161inou latinskoamerick\u00e9 a afroamerick\u00e9, co\u017e se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v jej\u00edm j\u00eddle: dominik\u00e1nsk\u00fdch restaurac\u00ed je spousta (Bronx m\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dominik\u00e1nskou populaci ze v\u0161ech newyorsk\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed), stejn\u011b jako portorik\u00e1nsk\u00e9 podniky s ropas viejas, africk\u00e9 pek\u00e1rny a dokonce i rostouc\u00ed latinskoamerick\u00e1 diskot\u00e9kov\u00e1 sc\u00e9na Bronxu pod\u00e9l Sheridan Blvd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ji\u017e jsme zm\u00ednili Arthur Ave v\u00fd\u0161e; dal\u0161\u00ed \u017eivou ulic\u00ed je Nostrand Ave v Kingsbridge (severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed Bronx) s latinskoamerick\u00fdm supermarketem nebo City Island Road (ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edm Bronxu), kter\u00e1 vede do mal\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159nick\u00e9 vesnice (s restauracemi s mo\u0159sk\u00fdmi plody a v\u00fdhledem na most Throgs Neck Bridge). Celkov\u00fd dojem z Bronxu je m\u011bsto ve m\u011bst\u011b: m\u00e1 atrakce na \u00farovni m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti (zoo, baseballov\u00fd stadion) a mikro\u010dtvrt\u011b, kter\u00e9 jsou siln\u011b lok\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Staten Island, \u010dasto naz\u00fdvan\u00fd \u201ezapomenutou \u010dtvrt\u00ed\u201c, m\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e p\u0159\u00edm\u011bstsk\u00fd charakter. P\u0159esto i on nab\u00edz\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 m\u00edsta pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vzhledem k tolika mo\u017enostem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdb\u011br ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd. Zde je n\u011bkolik pokyn\u016f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed poprv\u00e9, \u010dasto t\u00edhnou do centra Manhattanu kv\u016fli pohodl\u00ed (Times Square, Broadway, Fifth Avenue). Pobyt tam znamen\u00e1 snadn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k link\u00e1m metra (1, 2, 3, A, C, E atd.) a pobyt v turistick\u00e9m ruchu. Hotely v centru v\u0161ak mohou b\u00fdt drah\u00e9 a p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9. Pro klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prvn\u00ed pobyt jsou vhodn\u00e9 \u010dtvrti jako Murray Hill (Midtown East) nebo\u2026 Battery Park City<\/em> (Centrum) se \u010dasto doporu\u010duje. Battery Park City (nedaleko trajektu k So\u0161e Svobody) m\u00e1 klidn\u00e9 parky a n\u00edzkou kriminalitu a nach\u00e1z\u00ed se doslova na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edm kampusu na sv\u011bt\u011b \u2013 skv\u011bl\u00e9 pro rodiny s d\u011btmi. Na Upper West Side a Upper East Side je tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolik hotel\u016f; ty jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vhodn\u00e9, pokud je prioritou p\u0159\u00edstup k muze\u00edm nebo park\u016fm a l\u00e1kaj\u00ed v\u00e1s v\u00fdhledy z vysok\u00fdch budov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n New York je proslul\u00fd svou multikulturnost\u00ed a ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165 m\u00e1 sv\u00e1 kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 specialita:<\/p>\n\n\n\n New York skute\u010dn\u011b nab\u00edz\u00ed n\u011bco pro ka\u017ed\u00fd chu\u0165ov\u00fd poh\u00e1rek a ka\u017ed\u00fd den. Trik spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, odjet p\u00e1r zast\u00e1vek metrem za hotelovou z\u00f3nu. N\u011bkter\u00e1 z nejlep\u0161\u00edch a nejautenti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch j\u00eddel jsou \u010dasto vzd\u00e1lena jen jednu j\u00edzdu vlakem v kulturn\u011b bohat\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00edch. Jak poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 jeden pr\u016fvodce pro \u00fasporu pen\u011bz, \u201eRestaurace v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti, Flushingu, Jackson Heights a Sunset Parku nab\u00edzej\u00ed autentick\u00e1 j\u00eddla za zlomek cen v turistick\u00fdch oblastech.\u201c<\/em>(Nap\u0159\u00edklad kompletn\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 hostina pro \u0161est osob m\u016f\u017ee ve Flushingu st\u00e1t m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e kol\u00e1\u010d se dv\u011bma p\u0159\u00edsadami v Midtownu.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dopravn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 New Yorku je sama o sob\u011b vod\u00edtkem. V\u011bt\u0161ina n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f se spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na metro MTA. Jedna j\u00edzda stoj\u00ed 2,90 dolar\u016f (stav k roku 2025) a pokud podniknete v\u00edce ne\u017e 13 j\u00edzd, vyplat\u00ed se v\u00e1m sedmidenn\u00ed neomezen\u00e1 j\u00edzdenka MetroCard (34 dolar\u016f). Metro jezd\u00ed ve v\u0161ech p\u011bti m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech (v\u010detn\u011b Staten Islandu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u017eeleznice S Staten Island Railway, i kdy\u017e to je samostatn\u00e9 j\u00edzdn\u00e9). D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd tip: jezd\u00ed 24 hodin denn\u011b, 7 dn\u00ed v t\u00fddnu, tak\u017ee m\u016f\u017eete chytit vlaky (A, C, E do Brooklynu\/Queensu; 2, 3 do Bronxu; F, R do Queensu) v kteroukoli hodinu, co\u017e je mezi sv\u011btov\u00fdmi m\u011bsty unik\u00e1tn\u00ed. Autobusov\u00e1 doprava zapl\u0148uje oblasti bez metra (nap\u0159\u00edklad Bx1 vede pod\u00e9l Fordham Road v Bronxu, M14 vede p\u0159es 14th Street na Manhattanu mezi \u0159ekami). \u017dlut\u00e9 tax\u00edky a aplikace (Uber\/Lyft) jsou pohodln\u00e9, ale v hust\u00e9m provozu mohou b\u00fdt pomal\u00e9. Mnoho m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel v\u0161ak doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b daleko. D\u00edky p\u011b\u0161\u00ed dostupnosti Manhattanu se daj\u00ed \u010dtvrti jako Village do Soho (jih) nebo Midtown do Upper West Side (sever) doj\u00edt p\u011b\u0161ky pom\u011brn\u011b snadno, pokud je to vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trajekty tak\u00e9 spojuj\u00ed \u010dtvrti: Staten Island Ferry (zdarma) mezi Manhattanem a Staten Islandem; NYC Ferry m\u00e1 trasy spojuj\u00edc\u00ed Manhattan s brooklynskou \u010dtvrt\u00ed Dumbo\/Brooklyn Heights, Long Island City a Astori\u00ed a tak\u00e9 trasu na Yankee Stadium. Tramvaj Roosevelt Island Tram (jako mal\u00e1 kyvadlov\u00e1 lanovka) jezd\u00ed kyvadlovou dopravou mezi Manhattanem a Roosevelt Islandem (mezi Midtownem a Queensem).<\/p>\n\n\n\n A kone\u010dn\u011b, leti\u0161t\u011b: Leti\u0161t\u011b JFK (velk\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed centrum) se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Queensu; spojuje ho AirTrain s metrem a LIRR (cesta z Manhattanu celkem stoj\u00ed kolem 10,75 dolar\u016f) \u2013 obl\u00edben\u00e1 volba pro levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Leti\u0161t\u011b Newark (v New Jersey) je dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed, kam se dostanete vlakem nebo autem, ale mimo New York. LaGuardia se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Queensu (autobusem Q70 Select Bus za 2,75 dolar\u016f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mnoho \u010dtvrt\u00ed lze prozkoumat p\u011b\u0161ky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Doln\u00ed Manhattan si m\u016f\u017eete proj\u00edt p\u011b\u0161ky od Pam\u00e1tn\u00edku 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159es Battery Park a\u017e po Wall Street za p\u00e1r hodin. The Village a Soho snadno zapln\u00ed rann\u00ed proch\u00e1zku: za\u010dn\u011bte kolem Washington Square a projd\u011bte se na z\u00e1pad a na jih po dla\u017eebn\u00edch kostk\u00e1ch a hn\u011bd\u00fdch domech. High Line je p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 p\u011b\u0161\u00ed trasa; m\u016f\u017eete za\u010d\u00edt na Gansevoort Street (Meatpacking) a j\u00edt na sever k Chelsea Market nebo dokonce k Hudson Yards (kolem um\u011bleck\u00fdch instalac\u00ed a zahrad). Brooklynsk\u00fd mostn\u00ed park a promen\u00e1du \u200b\u200blze zkombinovat s proch\u00e1zkou po Brooklynsk\u00e9m most\u011b a za\u017e\u00edt celodenn\u00ed dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed: p\u0159ejd\u011bte z Manhattanu do Brooklynu a pot\u00e9 se projd\u011bte pod\u00e9l vody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pro samostatn\u00e9 prohl\u00eddky existuje mnoho tras online (jeden p\u0159\u00edklad na Manhattanu: MTA.com nab\u00edz\u00ed mapy ke sta\u017een\u00ed a organizace jako freeToursbyFoot nab\u00edzej\u00ed tipy s pr\u016fvodcem). Obl\u00edben\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 sez\u00f3nn\u00ed p\u011b\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdlety: nap\u0159. proch\u00e1zka Spring Blooms p\u0159es West Village, lehk\u00e1 proch\u00e1zka po Dyker Heights (Brooklyn) b\u011bhem sv\u00e1tk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Po\u010das\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed podle ro\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed. L\u00e9to (\u010derven\u2013srpen) je v New Yorku hork\u00e9 a vlhk\u00e9; v \u010dtvrt\u00edch pobl\u00ed\u017e vody (Battery Park, Dumbo, Coney Island) m\u016f\u017ee foukat p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd v\u00e1nek. Toto je hlavn\u00ed turistick\u00e1 sez\u00f3na, proto si n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy muze\u00ed pl\u00e1nujte v\u010das (pom\u00e1haj\u00ed rezervace \u010dasov\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f ve velk\u00fdch muze\u00edch). Podzim p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed m\u00edrn\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed a je jedn\u00edm z nejhez\u010d\u00edch obdob\u00ed pro proch\u00e1zky (zejm\u00e9na v parc\u00edch \u2013 Central a Prospect jsou do konce \u0159\u00edjna z\u00e1\u0159iv\u011b zalit\u00e9 podzimn\u00edm list\u00edm). Zima m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt chladn\u00e1 (ob\u010das sn\u011b\u017e\u00ed) a n\u011bkter\u00e9 prohl\u00eddky se zpomaluj\u00ed. Zimn\u00ed pr\u00e1zdniny v\u0161ak m\u011bsto rozz\u00e1\u0159\u00ed: v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed strom v Rockefellerov\u011b centru, sv\u011btla v Dyker Heights, p\u0159edstaven\u00ed Lousk\u00e1\u010dka z Harlemu atd. Pokud m\u011bsto nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00edte v tomto obdob\u00ed, doporu\u010duje se tepl\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed a nepromokav\u00e1 obuv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jaro je kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 (z\u00e1plava kv\u011bt\u016f t\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed v Brooklynsk\u00e9 botanick\u00e9 zahrad\u011b a jinde). V p\u0159elomov\u00fdch sez\u00f3n\u00e1ch (jaro a podzim) jsou ceny hotel\u016f \u010dasto ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v l\u00e9t\u011b. Je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee leden a \u00fanor \u010dasto nab\u00edzej\u00ed v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 ceny (i kdy\u017e je pot\u0159eba si vz\u00edt kab\u00e1t nav\u00edc)!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kombinac\u00ed t\u011bchto \u00fasporn\u00fdch postup\u016f si i cestovatel s omezen\u00fdm rozpo\u010dtem m\u016f\u017ee u\u017e\u00edt mnoho z toho, co m\u011bsto nab\u00edz\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si v\u0161ak lze pen\u00edze vyhradit pro kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky (jako je broadwaysk\u00e9 p\u0159edstaven\u00ed nebo luxusn\u00ed restaurace ve v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dtvrti).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tento komplexn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce prozkoum\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161echny ikonick\u00e9 \u010dtvrti New Yorku nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d p\u011bti m\u011bstsk\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi \u2013 od Wall Street v centru Manhattanu a historick\u00e9ho Battery Parku, p\u0159es boh\u00e9mskou Greenwich Village a imigrantsk\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed Lower East Side a\u017e po kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky Harlemu a rozmanit\u00e9 enkl\u00e1vy Brooklynu. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st propojuje historii, kulturu a praktick\u00e9 tipy: zjist\u011bte, pro\u010d je Stonewall Inn v Greenwich Village d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd, kde v Harlemu naj\u00edt j\u00eddlo pro gurm\u00e1ny, jak DUMBO v Brooklynu nab\u00edz\u00ed \u00fachvatn\u00e9 v\u00fdhledy na Manhattan a co d\u011bl\u00e1 z Jackson Heights v Queensu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed centrum pro gurm\u00e1ny.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":68864,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-63488","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-popular-destinations","8":"category-magazine"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63488","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63488"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63488\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63488"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63488"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63488"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
Upper West Side: Kultura a kouzlo Riverside<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Upper East Side: Luxus a muzea<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Harlem: Kulturn\u00ed centrum a renesance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Brooklyn: Nejlidnat\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165 New Yorku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Brooklynsk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161iny a DUMBO<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Williamsburg: Hipster Haven<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Park Slope: Brooklyn vhodn\u00fd pro rodiny s d\u011btmi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Coney Island: Z\u00e1bava u pl\u00e1\u017ee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Queens: Sv\u011btov\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Long Island City (LIC): Um\u011bn\u00ed, v\u00fdhledy a p\u0159estavba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Astoria: \u0158eck\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed a rozmanitost<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Jackson Heights: Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u0159i\u017eovatka<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Flushing: Autentick\u00e1 asijsk\u00e1 kultura<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Bronx: Autentick\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitek z New Yorku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
Staten Island: Zapomenut\u00e1 \u010dtvr\u0165<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
V\u00fdb\u011br ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed: Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed sousedstv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
Pr\u016fvodce j\u00eddlem v sousedstv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
Praktick\u00e9 informace pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Doprava mezi sousedstv\u00edmi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
P\u011b\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdlety podle okol\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Sez\u00f3nn\u00ed \u00favahy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tipy pro rozpo\u010det<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n