Palau, ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Palausk\u00e1 republika, je okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed ostrovn\u00ed st\u00e1t le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed v mikron\u00e9sk\u00e9 podoblasti Oce\u00e1nie v z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu. Tato okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed republika, kter\u00e1 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 340 ostrov\u016f, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u00fachvatn\u00e9 souostrov\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 od z\u00e1padn\u00edho \u0159et\u011bzce Karol\u00ednsk\u00fdch ostrov\u016f a\u017e po oblasti Federativn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f Mikron\u00e9sie. A\u010dkoli je Palau mal\u00fd, je to zem\u011b pln\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch kr\u00e1s, historie a kultury.<\/p>\n
S rozlohou 466 kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch (180 mil \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch) je Palau \u010dtvrt\u00fdm nejmen\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1rodem na sv\u011bt\u011b. A\u010dkoli jsou ostrovy mal\u00e9, scen\u00e9rie se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed rozmanitou rozmanitost\u00ed, od nedot\u010den\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a\u017e po bohat\u00e9 tropick\u00e9 lesy a \u017eiv\u00e9 kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy. Koror, kter\u00fd sd\u00edl\u00ed stejn\u00fd n\u00e1zev, je nejlidnat\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ostrovem a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm m\u011bstem v zemi. Hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Ngerulmud, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve st\u00e1t\u011b Melekeok, se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm ostrov\u011b Babeldaob. Strategick\u00e1 poloha Palau ho stav\u00ed bl\u00edzko mnoha mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch hranic; sd\u00edl\u00ed je s Mikron\u00e9sijsk\u00fdmi federativn\u00edmi st\u00e1ty na v\u00fdchod\u011b, Indon\u00e9si\u00ed na jihu a Filip\u00ednami na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b.<\/p>\n
Stejn\u011b bohat\u00e1 a rozmanit\u00e1 jako topografie Palau je i jeho historie. P\u016fvodn\u011b kolonizovali p\u0159ist\u011bhovalci z p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sk\u00e9 jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed 3 000 lety a osobit\u00e1 kulturn\u00ed tapiserie ostrov\u016f Palau vznikla pr\u00e1v\u011b v t\u00e9to ran\u00e9 komunit\u011b. D\u00edky pr\u00e1ci \u010desk\u00e9ho mision\u00e1\u0159e Paula Kleina, kter\u00fd ostrovy zaznamenal na z\u00e1klad\u011b vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed ztroskotan\u00fdch Palauan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed dorazili k filip\u00ednsk\u00e9mu pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed na ostrov\u011b Samar, se poprv\u00e9 objevily na evropsk\u00e9 map\u011b.<\/p>\n
Palau se v roce 1885 p\u0159ipojil ke \u0160pan\u011blsk\u00e9 v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Indii, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zah\u00e1jil evropsk\u00fd vliv. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b n\u011bmecko-\u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 smlouvy v\u0161ak N\u011bmecko ostrovy odkoupilo od \u0160pan\u011blska po jeho proh\u0159e ve \u0161pan\u011blsko-americk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce v roce 1898. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby byly p\u0159id\u011bleny N\u011bmeck\u00e9 Nov\u00e9 Guineji. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b mand\u00e1tu pro ji\u017en\u00ed mo\u0159e Spole\u010dnosti n\u00e1rod\u016f se ostrovy po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce p\u0159esunuly pod japonskou vl\u00e1du.<\/p>\n
V d\u016fsledku t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch st\u0159et\u016f mezi americk\u00fdmi a japonsk\u00fdmi silami v r\u00e1mci kampan\u011b na Mari\u00e1nsk\u00fdch a Palausk\u00fdch ostrovech p\u0159inesla druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka na Palau v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 nepokoje. Palau se b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v roce 1947 p\u0159ipojilo k Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm spravovan\u00e9mu sv\u011b\u0159eneck\u00e9mu \u00fazem\u00ed Tichomo\u0159\u00ed. Palau se v referendu v roce 1978 rozhodlo nep\u0159ipojit k Federativn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u016fm Mikron\u00e9sie, a proto v roce 1994 dos\u00e1hlo \u00fapln\u00e9 suverenity na z\u00e1klad\u011b Paktu o voln\u00e9m p\u0159idru\u017een\u00ed ke Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm, co\u017e byl v\u00fdrazn\u00fd posun sm\u011brem k sebeur\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Palau dnes funguje jako prezidentsk\u00e1 republika ve voln\u00e9m p\u0159idru\u017een\u00ed ke Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm. Toto spojen\u00ed zaru\u010duje, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty poskytuj\u00ed obranu, finance a p\u0159\u00edstup k soci\u00e1ln\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m, a t\u00edm vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed stabiln\u00ed politick\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Dvoukomorov\u00fd Palausk\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kongres m\u00e1 sv\u011b\u0159enou legislativn\u00ed pravomoc, a proto je pom\u011brn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed politiky zem\u011b.<\/p>\n
Ekonomicky Palau z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na rybolovu, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed pro vlastn\u00ed pot\u0159ebu a cestovn\u00edm ruchu. \u00dachvatn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed kr\u00e1sa jeho ostrov\u016f \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00fdch lokalit sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b \u2013 l\u00e1k\u00e1 turisty z cel\u00e9ho okol\u00ed. Zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st jeho hrub\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho produktu (HNP) poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze zahrani\u010dn\u00ed pomoci, co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed hodnotu glob\u00e1ln\u00edch alianc\u00ed pro udr\u017een\u00ed ekonomiky Palau. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bnou je americk\u00fd dolar, co\u017e posiluje vazby na americkou ekonomiku.<\/p>\n
V kultu\u0159e Palau se hojn\u011b vyskytuj\u00ed mikron\u00e9sk\u00e9, melan\u00e9sk\u00e9, asijsk\u00e9 a z\u00e1padn\u00ed prvky. V\u011bt\u0161inu populace tvo\u0159\u00ed etni\u010dt\u00ed Palauan\u00e9 \u2013 kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fd mikron\u00e9sk\u00fd, melan\u00e9sk\u00fd a austron\u00e9sk\u00fd p\u016fvod. Jazykov\u00e1 sc\u00e9na n\u00e1roda rovn\u011b\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed tuto rozmanitost kultur. Ofici\u00e1ln\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o angli\u010dtinu a palau\u0161tinu, kter\u00e1 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed austron\u00e9sk\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 rodiny. Mezi region\u00e1ln\u00ed jazyky jsou uzn\u00e1v\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 japon\u0161tina, sonsorol\u0161tina a tobij\u0161tina, co\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148uje kosmopolitn\u00ed charakter n\u00e1roda.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Palau, ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Palausk\u00e1 republika, je okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed ostrovn\u00ed st\u00e1t le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed v mikron\u00e9sk\u00e9 podoblasti Oce\u00e1nie v z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu. Tato okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed republika, kter\u00e1 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 340 ostrov\u016f, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u00fachvatn\u00e9 souostrov\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 od z\u00e1padn\u00edho \u0159et\u011bzce Karol\u00ednsk\u00fdch ostrov\u016f a\u017e po oblasti Federativn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f Mikron\u00e9sie. A\u010dkoli je Palau mal\u00fd, je to zem\u011b pln\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch kr\u00e1s, historie a kultury.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3589,"parent":24105,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9641","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9641"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9641\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}