Samoa, ofici\u00e1ln\u011b Nez\u00e1visl\u00fd st\u00e1t Samoa, je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed polyn\u00e9sk\u00fd ostrovn\u00ed st\u00e1t s bohatou histori\u00ed, kulturou a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi kr\u00e1sami. Vzhledem ke sv\u00e9 geografick\u00e9 orientaci v Tich\u00e9m oce\u00e1nu byla do roku 1997 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Samoa. Spolu se dv\u011bma men\u0161\u00edmi obydlen\u00fdmi ostrovy, Manono a Apolima, se tento ostrovn\u00ed st\u00e1t skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze dvou hlavn\u00edch ostrov\u016f: Savai'i a Upolu; a n\u011bkolika neobydlen\u00fdch ostrov\u016f, zejm\u00e9na ostrov\u016f Aleipata \u2013 Nu'utele, Nu'ulua, Fanuatapu a Namua. Samoa m\u00e1 strategickou polohu v Pacifiku, 64 km z\u00e1padn\u011b od Americk\u00e9 Samoy a pobl\u00ed\u017e dal\u0161\u00edch tichomo\u0159sk\u00fdch ostrov\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b Tongy, Fid\u017ei, Wallisu a Futuny, a slou\u017e\u00ed jako centrum historick\u00e9ho a kulturn\u00edho spojen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Centrem Samoy je Apia, hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto, kde se sou\u010dasn\u00e1 vl\u00e1da m\u00eds\u00ed se starov\u011bkou kulturou. Asi p\u0159ed 3 500 lety byli Lapitov\u00e9 \u2013 zn\u00e1m\u00ed sv\u00fdmi dovednostmi v placht\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 prvn\u00edmi, kdo objevil a os\u00eddlil Samojsk\u00e9 ostrovy. Polo\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1klad\u016f samojsk\u00e9ho jazyka a kulturn\u00ed identity \u2013 kter\u00e9 p\u0159etrvaly \u010das a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlivy \u2013 n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 jim porozum\u011bt.<\/p>\n
S 11 administrativn\u00edmi divizemi, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u00e1 sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed a \u00fastavn\u00ed z\u00e1klad, funguje Samoa jako jednotn\u00e1 parlamentn\u00ed demokracie. Cesta Samoy k nez\u00e1vislosti jako suver\u00e9nn\u00edho st\u00e1tu, \u010dlena Spole\u010denstv\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o jej\u00ed hou\u017eevnatosti a autonomii. V letech 1899 a\u017e 1915 byla n\u011bmeckou koloni\u00ed; pot\u00e9 byla pod spole\u010dnou britskou a novoz\u00e9landskou kontrolou a\u017e do z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti 1. ledna 1962. Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m Samoy odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed toto d\u011bdictv\u00ed koloni\u00e1ln\u00edho vlivu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b si zachovala sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed charakter.<\/p>\n
Tradi\u010dn\u00ed samojsk\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u017eivota, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Fa\u02bba S\u0101moa, m\u00e1 st\u00e1le velk\u00fd vliv na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed i politickou sf\u00e9ru. Jeho kulturn\u00ed r\u00e1mec, formovan\u00fd p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 3000 lety, klade d\u016fraz na rodinu, respekt a komunitu. Fa\u02bba S\u0101moa si navzdory desetilet\u00edm evropsk\u00e9ho vlivu zachovala sv\u00e9 zvyky, spole\u010densk\u00e9 instituce a jazyk. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi kameny samojsk\u00e9 identity jsou kulturn\u00ed zvyky, v\u010detn\u011b \u201eob\u0159adu ava, ponur\u00e9ho ritu\u00e1lu pro ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed titul\u016f hlavn\u00edch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f matai\u201c, a v\u00fdroba jemn\u011b utkan\u00e9 \u201eie t\u00f3gy\u201c.<\/p>\n
Samojsk\u00e1 mytologie, bohat\u00e1 na bohy, p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o stvo\u0159en\u00ed sv\u011bta a legend\u00e1rn\u00ed osobnosti, jako je Tagaloa a Nafanua \u2013 bohyn\u011b v\u00e1lky \u2013, existuje spolu s k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 Samojci p\u0159ijali a p\u0159inesli mision\u00e1\u0159i, a tyto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy koexistuj\u00ed. A\u010dkoli star\u00e9 v\u00edry a praktiky st\u00e1le vzkv\u00e9taj\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na ve vztahu k Fa\u02bba S\u0101moa, dnes se zhruba 98 % Samojc\u016f identifikuje jako k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Samojsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pro spole\u010dn\u00fd \u017eivot; tradi\u010dn\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e1 obydl\u00ed neboli fale tento zp\u016fsob \u017eivota nejl\u00e9pe vystihuj\u00ed. Tyto budovy bez zd\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed \u00fastran\u00ed a ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed pomoc\u00ed kokosov\u00fdch palmov\u00fdch list\u016f. P\u016fsobiv\u00e9 tance sasa a fa'ataupati zobrazuj\u00ed \u017eiv\u00fd kulturn\u00ed projev Samojsk\u00e9ho lidu, zat\u00edmco jemn\u00e9 pohyby samojsk\u00e9ho tance \u0161iva \u2013 kter\u00fd vypr\u00e1v\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh \u2013 ukazuj\u00ed jejich oslavy a spole\u010densk\u00e1 setk\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se kolem t\u011bchto tanc\u016f to\u010d\u00ed spolu s rytmem srolovan\u00fdch roho\u017e\u00ed nebo d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch bubn\u016f.<\/p>\n
Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fkazem bohat\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed ostrova je stavebn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edch samojsk\u00fdch stavitel\u016f Tufuga fai fale. Tito stavitel\u00e9 tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159et \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed strukturu samojsk\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch a um\u011bleck\u00fdch forem.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Samoa, ofici\u00e1ln\u011b Nez\u00e1visl\u00fd st\u00e1t Samoa, je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed polyn\u00e9sk\u00fd ostrovn\u00ed st\u00e1t s bohatou histori\u00ed, kulturou a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi kr\u00e1sami. Vzhledem ke sv\u00e9 geografick\u00e9 orientaci v Tich\u00e9m oce\u00e1nu byla do roku 1997 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Samoa. Spolu se dv\u011bma men\u0161\u00edmi obydlen\u00fdmi ostrovy, Manono a Apolima, se tento ostrovn\u00ed st\u00e1t skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze dvou hlavn\u00edch ostrov\u016f: Savai'i a Upolu; a n\u011bkolika neobydlen\u00fdch ostrov\u016f, zejm\u00e9na ostrov\u016f Aleipata \u2013 Nu'utele, Nu'ulua, Fanuatapu a Namua. Samoa m\u00e1 strategickou polohu v Pacifiku, 64 km z\u00e1padn\u011b od Americk\u00e9 Samoy a pobl\u00ed\u017e dal\u0161\u00edch tichomo\u0159sk\u00fdch ostrov\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b Tongy, Fid\u017ei, Wallisu a Futuny, a slou\u017e\u00ed jako centrum historick\u00e9ho a kulturn\u00edho spojen\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3536,"parent":24105,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9568","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9568","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9568"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9568\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3536"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}