Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1d se prezentuje jako studie kontrast\u016f: \u00fa\u010delov\u011b vybudovan\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto se\u0161it\u00e9 z obrys\u016f zelen\u00fdch kopc\u016f a otev\u0159en\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159esto spoutan\u00e9 tabu a tradicemi, kter\u00e9 dlouho definovaly zemi, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed. M\u011bsto bylo koncipov\u00e1no v 60. letech 20. stolet\u00ed, aby nahradilo Kar\u00e1\u010d\u00ed jako s\u00eddlo p\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, a na popud pl\u00e1nova\u010d\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed usilovali o modern\u00ed metropoli a z\u00e1rove\u0148 o poctu v\u00ed\u0159e zem\u011b, bylo pok\u0159t\u011bno \u201eM\u011bstem isl\u00e1mu\u201c (Islam-abad) Qazi Abdurem Rehmanem Amritsarim. Dnes, s n\u011bco m\u00e1lo p\u0159es milion obyvatel ve vlastn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b \u2013 a v\u00edce ne\u017e 4,5 milionu ve spojen\u00ed s jeho dvoj\u010detem R\u00e1valpind\u00ed \u2013 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nej\u010dist\u0161\u00edm a nejklidn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu: s\u00ed\u0165 vl\u00e1dn\u00edch budov, diplomatick\u00fdch enkl\u00e1v, obytn\u00fdch sektor\u016f a chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch zelen\u00fdch ploch, to v\u0161e vystupuje ze skalnat\u00e9ho rozp\u011bt\u00ed n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161iny Pothohar na \u00fapat\u00ed poho\u0159\u00ed Margalla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0158eck\u00fd architekt Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis byl pov\u011b\u0159en n\u00e1vrhem osmi z\u00f3n Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1du. Z\u00f3ny jedna a dv\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed srdce s\u00edt\u011b, ka\u017ed\u00fd sektor m\u00e1 dokonal\u00fd \u010dtverec o stran\u011b dva kilometry, rozd\u011blen\u00fd do \u010dty\u0159 subsektor\u016f a ozna\u010den\u00fd p\u00edsmenem a \u010d\u00edslem (nap\u0159\u00edklad F-6 nebo G-7). V t\u011bchto oblastech se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed nejstar\u0161\u00ed \u2013 a \u010dasto i nej\u017e\u00e1dan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 \u010dtvrti, kde listnat\u00e9 aleje ustupuj\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00edm ministerstv\u016fm, ambas\u00e1d\u00e1m a shluk\u016fm restaurac\u00ed a kav\u00e1ren, kter\u00e9 za\u010daly ohro\u017eovat pov\u011bst m\u011bsta ohledn\u011b jeho klidu. Z\u00f3ny t\u0159i a\u017e p\u011bt zahrnuj\u00ed Margalla Hills, venkovsk\u00e9 z\u00e1zem\u00ed a nezastav\u011bn\u00e9 pozemky, kter\u00e9 zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed lesy, potoky a vesnice, je\u017e p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00ed m\u011bsta. Z\u00f3ny za nimi le\u017e\u00ed z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti nezastav\u011bn\u00e9 a \u010dekaj\u00ed na budouc\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1d le\u017e\u00ed v nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce 540 metr\u016f na sou\u0159adnic\u00edch 33,43\u00b0 severn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky a 73,04\u00b0 v\u00fdchodn\u00ed d\u00e9lky. Jeho ji\u017en\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u011b odvod\u0148uje \u0159eka Kurang a p\u0159eru\u0161uje je p\u0159ehrada Rawal. Na severu a severov\u00fdchod\u011b se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed park Margalla Hills \u2013 220 akr\u016f chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch h\u0159eben\u016f a \u00fadol\u00ed, kde se na lesn\u00edch stezk\u00e1ch vyskytuj\u00ed him\u00e1laj\u0161t\u00ed goralov\u00e9, \u0161t\u011bkaj\u00edc\u00ed jeleni a ob\u010das i leopardi. T\u0159i um\u011bl\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee \u2013 Rawal, Simli a Khanpur \u2013 m\u00edrn\u00ed mikroklima m\u011bsta a p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed syrov\u00e9 monzunov\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b na st\u00e1l\u00e9 z\u00e1soby vody. Nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zaznamenan\u00e1 povode\u0148, 743,3 mm v \u010dervenci 1995, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 varov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed monzunov\u00fdmi rozmary; p\u0159esto tyto de\u0161t\u011b rok co rok o\u017eivuj\u00ed zele\u0148, kter\u00e1 ost\u0159e kontrastuje s vyprahlost\u00ed ji\u017en\u00edho P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po\u010das\u00ed v Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1du se vyv\u00edj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 liter\u00e1rn\u011b: sv\u011b\u017e\u00ed zima s mlhami zahalen\u00fdmi r\u00e1ny a jasn\u00fdmi odpoledn\u00edmi, kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 a vlah\u00e9 jaro a pot\u00e9 dusn\u00e9 horko za\u010d\u00e1tku l\u00e9ta \u2013 kdy teploty v \u010dervnu pravideln\u011b dosahuj\u00ed 38 \u00b0C \u2013 kter\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed cestu ke dv\u011bma m\u011bs\u00edc\u016fm monzun\u016f post\u0159\u00edkan\u00fdch bou\u0159kami a n\u00e1chyln\u00fdch k z\u00e1plav\u00e1m, ne\u017e p\u0159ijde kr\u00e1tk\u00fd, chladn\u00fd podzim. A\u010dkoli na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch kopc\u00edch ob\u010das padnou noci pod bodem mrazu, samotn\u00e9 m\u011bsto nikdy nevid\u00ed sn\u00edh. Jeho panorama je sp\u00ed\u0161e charakterizov\u00e1no kopulemi a v\u011b\u017eemi me\u0161it t\u0159pyt\u00edc\u00edmi se na pozad\u00ed monzunov\u00fdch mrak\u016f nebo m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fdmi st\u0159echami administrativn\u00edch budov ty\u010d\u00edc\u00edmi se z tmav\u011b zelen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1d se zrodil z touhy spojit region\u00e1ln\u00ed motivy s modern\u00edm c\u00edt\u011bn\u00edm. Faisalova me\u0161ita, navr\u017een\u00e1 tureck\u00fdm architektem Vedatem Dalokayem a dokon\u010den\u00e1 v roce 1986, odm\u00edt\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u00ed kupoli ve prosp\u011bch stanov\u00e9 troj\u00faheln\u00edkov\u00e9 modlitebny a \u010dty\u0159 ty\u010d\u00edc\u00edch se minaret\u016f. Jej\u00ed rozlehl\u00e9 n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed pojme 100 000 v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch a \u010distota lini\u00ed prop\u016fj\u010duje podh\u016f\u0159\u00ed Margalla slavnostn\u00ed eleganci. Nedaleko se nach\u00e1z\u00ed P\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00fd monument s rozkvetl\u00fdmi okv\u011btn\u00edmi l\u00edstky, kter\u00fd evokuje mughalsk\u00fd a isl\u00e1msk\u00fd ornament, jeho vnit\u0159n\u00ed n\u00e1st\u011bnn\u00e9 malby zobrazuj\u00ed v basreli\u00e9fu zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed boje n\u00e1roda. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b m\u011bsta se nach\u00e1z\u00ed komplex sekretari\u00e1tu, jeho\u017e autorem je Gio Ponti, zat\u00edmco budova N\u00e1rodn\u00edho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed od Edwarda Durella Stonea kombinuje b\u00edl\u00fd mramor s hlubok\u00fdmi kolon\u00e1dami, to v\u0161e je zasazeno mezi olivovn\u00edky a \u017eakarandami na Constitution Avenue. Vedle nich se ty\u010d\u00ed obchodn\u00ed centrum Centaurus Mall se sv\u00fdmi t\u0159emi ty\u010d\u00edc\u00edmi se v\u011b\u017eemi \u2013 provokativn\u00ed sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o ekonomick\u00fdch ambic\u00edch Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1du.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1dsk\u00e9m hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b \u017eije v\u00edce ne\u017e dva miliony lid\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9ho etnick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. V\u011bt\u0161inu tvo\u0159\u00ed Pa\u0148d\u017e\u00e1bci s v\u00edce ne\u017e 1,15 miliony mluv\u010d\u00edch; n\u00e1sleduje pa\u0161t\u00fan\u0161tina s p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 415 000 a urd\u0161tina s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 360 000. Jazykovou bohatost d\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje hind\u0161tina, saraik\u0161tina, ka\u0161m\u00edr\u0161tina, sindh\u0161tina a men\u0161\u00ed skupiny jako balt\u0161tina a brahv\u00ed, zat\u00edmco angli\u010dtina \u2013 a zkratka SMS ISB \u2013 slou\u017e\u00ed jako lingua franca mezi st\u0159edn\u00ed a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddou m\u011bsta. V\u011bkov\u00e9mu profilu dominuj\u00ed mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9: t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 38 procent je mlad\u0161\u00edch patn\u00e1cti let, zat\u00edmco m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 3 procenta p\u0159esahuj\u00ed \u0161edes\u00e1t p\u011bt let; t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u0161edes\u00e1t procent se pohybuje mezi patn\u00e1cti a \u0161edes\u00e1ti \u010dty\u0159mi lety a m\u00edra gramotnosti dosahuje 88 procent \u2013 \u200b\u200bco\u017e je nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hodnota v P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00edce ne\u017e dvacet univerzit p\u0159itahuje akademiky z cel\u00e9 zem\u011b. Zvln\u011bn\u00e9 tr\u00e1vn\u00edky a prosklen\u00e9 knihovny Univerzity Quaid-e-Azam se mohou srovn\u00e1vat pouze s Technologick\u00fdm parkem v COMSATS, kde v\u00fdzkum ve fyzice a rod\u00edc\u00ed se biotechnologick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl prob\u00edh\u00e1 vedle informatiky v NUST a PIEAS. Univerzita Bahria, kter\u00e1 s\u00eddl\u00ed v diplomatick\u00e9 enkl\u00e1v\u011b, a rozlehl\u00fd kampus N\u00e1rodn\u00ed univerzity v\u011bd a technologi\u00ed podtrhuj\u00ed roli m\u011bsta jako mozku P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu, kde se vzd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci, in\u017een\u00fdry a v\u011bdci, kte\u0159\u00ed budou utv\u00e1\u0159et jeho budoucnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A\u010dkoli zde \u017eije pouze 0,8 procenta p\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00e9 populace, Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1d se na n\u00e1rodn\u00edm HDP pod\u00edl\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 procentem. Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1dsk\u00e1 burza cenn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f \u2013 kdysi t\u0159et\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v zemi p\u0159ed slou\u010den\u00edm s P\u00e1kist\u00e1nskou burzou cenn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f \u2013 zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 denn\u00ed obrat p\u0159es milion akci\u00ed. Softwarov\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 parky v Awami Markaz a Evacuee Trust host\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed i zahrani\u010dn\u00ed firmy v oblasti informa\u010dn\u00edch a komunika\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed; t\u0159et\u00ed park, s podporou jihokorejsk\u00fdch investic, by m\u011bl b\u00fdt otev\u0159en do roku 2020, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by se d\u00e1le upevnilo postaven\u00ed Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1du jako centra IT. V roce 2010 ho Sv\u011btov\u00e1 banka ozna\u010dila za nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsto v P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu pro zah\u00e1jen\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky zefektivn\u011bn\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9ho dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed aktivn\u00ed Velkou da\u0148ovou jednotkou, kter\u00e1 je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za dvacet procent v\u00fdb\u011bru Feder\u00e1ln\u00edho da\u0148ov\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pod vyle\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdmi fas\u00e1dami m\u011bsta se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed stopy starov\u011bk\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed. Nedalek\u00e9 gakharsk\u00e9 pevnosti Pharwala a Rawat \u2013 kdysi ba\u0161ty m\u00edstn\u00edch n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk\u016f \u2013 bd\u00ed nad n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161inou, kde kdysi \u017eily \u00e1rijsk\u00e9, soansk\u00e9 a komunity z \u00fadol\u00ed Indu. Vesnice Saidpur, star\u00e1 asi p\u011bt stolet\u00ed, si zachovala sv\u00e9 mughalsk\u00e9 rybn\u00edky a mal\u00fd hinduistick\u00fd chr\u00e1m, vz\u00e1cn\u00fd d\u016fkaz kdysi sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 minulosti. S\u00fafijsk\u00e1 svatyn\u011b Pira Mehera Aliho \u0160\u00e1ha v Golra \u0160ar\u00edf p\u0159itahuje poutn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed hledaj\u00ed po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed v zahrad\u00e1ch, kudy kdysi chodili mystici. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 jaro p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed urs (v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed) Bari Im\u00e1ma do jeho svatyn\u011b, festivalu qawwali hudby, kadidla a oddanosti, v\u00edce ne\u017e milion oddan\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Muzeum Lok Virsa uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 lidov\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu do nejmen\u0161\u00edch detail\u016f: vy\u0161\u00edvan\u00e9 textilie, d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 \u0159ezby, hudebn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje a \u0161perky uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 pod kopci Shakarparian. Nedaleko se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Institut lidov\u00e9ho a tradi\u010dn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed, kde se konaj\u00ed v\u00fdstavy keramiky a region\u00e1ln\u00edch kroj\u016f. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed galerie um\u011bn\u00ed a soukrom\u00e9 prostory, jako je Galerie 6, vystavuj\u00ed sou\u010dasnou tvorbu, kter\u00e1 dialoguje s modernismem m\u011bsta. V\u0161echny tyto instituce le\u017e\u00ed na dohled od zvln\u011bn\u00e9 zelen\u011b Shakarparianu a na tras\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 z\u00e1rove\u0148 slou\u017e\u00ed jako ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 promen\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u017divot v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b v Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1du se soust\u0159e\u010fuje na podh\u016f\u0159\u00ed Margalla. Stezka \u010d. 3 je nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed turistickou trasou ve m\u011bst\u011b: z okraje parku v sektoru F-6 prudce stoup\u00e1 k vyhl\u00eddce, cesta trv\u00e1 t\u0159icet a\u017e pades\u00e1t minut, a pot\u00e9 se vine dal\u0161\u00ed hodinu k Pir Sohawa, kde se restaurace Monal a La Montana ty\u010d\u00ed nad rozlehl\u00fdm m\u011bstem jako banketov\u00e9 s\u00edn\u011b s v\u00fdhledem na vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bje. Jaro p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do podrostu divok\u00e9 kv\u011btiny, zat\u00edmco \u010dist\u00fd podzimn\u00ed vzduch odhaluje mlhav\u00e9 siluety Murree, P\u00e9\u0161\u00e1varu a za nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fasvit\u016f i sn\u011bhy Velk\u00e9ho Him\u00e1laje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed leti\u0161t\u011b v Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1du, otev\u0159en\u00e9 v dubnu 2018 jihoz\u00e1padn\u011b od m\u011bsta, se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 na devaten\u00e1cti kilometrech \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch a pojme dvoupatrov\u00e9 letouny Airbus A380. Vnitrost\u00e1tn\u011b p\u0159epravuje Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus \u2013 s\u00ed\u0165 rychl\u00e9 autobusov\u00e9 dopravy, kter\u00e1 byla slavnostn\u011b spu\u0161t\u011bna v roce 2015 a v roce 2022 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena na nov\u00e9 leti\u0161t\u011b \u2013 pracovn\u00edky a studenty po 83,6 km vyhrazen\u00fdch koridor\u016f. Efektivitu zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 j\u00edzdenky a inteligentn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, zat\u00edmco budouc\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy rychl\u00e9 dopravy si kladou za c\u00edl propojit satelitn\u00ed m\u011bsta. Mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 silni\u010dn\u00ed spojen\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed d\u00e1lnice M-2 do L\u00e1hauru a M-1 do P\u00e9\u0161\u00e1varu a p\u0159estupn\u00ed uzel Faizabad, kter\u00fd denn\u011b p\u0159eprav\u00ed 48 000 vozidel mezi Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1dem a R\u00e1valpind\u00ed. \u017delezni\u010dn\u00ed doprava na stanici Margalla, a\u010dkoli omezen\u00e1, dopl\u0148uje trojici modern\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed mobility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci brzy zjist\u00ed, \u017ee isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1dsk\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 implikuje jak po\u0159\u00e1dek, tak etiketu. Sektory F-5 a\u017e G-7 se hem\u017e\u00ed kav\u00e1rnami, butiky a galeriemi; E-8 a E-9 pat\u0159\u00ed vojensk\u00fdm ubytovn\u00e1m, kam je vstup zak\u00e1z\u00e1n bez povolen\u00ed. V sektorech G-7, G-8 a G-9 \u017eij\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci a \u0159emesln\u00edci a jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 svou rodinnou pohostinnost\u00ed. Spole\u010densk\u00e9 zvyklosti odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed konzervativn\u00ed hodnoty: \u017eeny si nesm\u00ed podat ruku ani fotografovat vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny bez svolen\u00ed. Pozv\u00e1n\u00ed na \u010daj nebo j\u00eddlo jsou m\u011bnou p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed; odm\u00edtnout znamen\u00e1 riskovat z\u00e1\u0161\u0165. Alkohol je zak\u00e1z\u00e1n, ale pohostinnost vzkv\u00e9t\u00e1 v podob\u011b \u0161afr\u00e1nov\u011b zabarven\u00fdch ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00fdch \u010daj\u016f a sd\u00edlen\u00fdch tal\u00ed\u0159\u016f biryani, kebabu a \u010derstv\u00e9ho naanu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V zemi, kde se velkom\u011bsta p\u0159etahuj\u00ed o pozornost, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1d outsiderem: snem architekta zaset\u00fdm na zvln\u011bn\u00fdch kopc\u00edch, \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm \u00e9tosem \u0159\u00e1du a zelen\u011b, p\u0159esto o\u017eiven\u00fdm proudy historie a st\u00e1l\u00fdm pulzem modern\u00edho \u017eivota. Je to m\u011bsto z\u00e1rove\u0148 pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 i organick\u00e9, kde se slavnostn\u00ed bulv\u00e1ry setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed se starobyl\u00fdmi chodn\u00edky a kde \u201eM\u011bsto isl\u00e1mu\u201c ukazuje, \u017ee i v jednadvac\u00e1t\u00e9m stolet\u00ed mohou hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsta vyva\u017eovat imperativy st\u00e1tu s nezkrocen\u00fdmi rytmy p\u0159\u00edrody a pam\u011bti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1d, hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu, je p\u0159\u00edkladem sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho rozvoje a bohat\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed historie. Toto m\u011bsto se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v severn\u00ed oblasti P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu a m\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 1,2 milionu obyvatel, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed dev\u00e1t\u00e9 nejlidnat\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00e9 centrum v zemi. Isl\u00e1m\u00e1b\u00e1d, zalo\u017een\u00fd v roce 1967 jako navr\u017een\u00e1 metropole, nahradil Kar\u00e1\u010d\u00ed jako hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto n\u00e1roda, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zah\u00e1jil novou f\u00e1zi administrativn\u00ed centralizace a rozvoje m\u011bst.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4183,"parent":15305,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15311","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15311"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15311\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15305"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}