Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie zab\u00edr\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Arabsk\u00e9ho poloostrova, jej\u00ed okrov\u00e9 pou\u0161t\u011b a drsn\u00e9 hory se t\u00e1hnou mezi 16\u00b0 a 33\u00b0 severn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky a 34\u00b0 a 56\u00b0 v\u00fdchodn\u00ed d\u00e9lky. S rozlohou zhruba 2,15 milionu kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch se \u0159ad\u00ed mezi p\u00e1t\u00fd nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t Asie a dvan\u00e1ct\u00fd nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t sv\u011bta. Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed hrani\u010d\u00ed s Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em na z\u00e1pad\u011b a Persk\u00fdm z\u00e1livem na v\u00fdchod\u011b a soused\u00ed s Jord\u00e1nskem, Ir\u00e1kem, Kuvajtem, Bahrajnem, Katarem, Spojen\u00fdmi arabsk\u00fdmi emir\u00e1ty, Om\u00e1nem a Jemenem; Akabsk\u00fd z\u00e1liv jej tak\u00e9 odd\u011bluje od Egypta a Izraele. Rij\u00e1d, hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed metropole, ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 rozlehl\u00e9 pl\u00e1n\u011b Ned\u017ed, zat\u00edmco D\u017eidda, Mekka a Med\u00edna jsou centry obchodu a v\u00edry. A\u010dkoli je Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zcela such\u00e1, ter\u00e9n zahrnuje p\u00edse\u010dn\u00e1 mo\u0159e, n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161iny, sope\u010dn\u00e1 pole a \u00fazkou pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed pl\u00e1\u0148 zn\u00e1mou jako Tihama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u00e1ga lidsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v t\u00e9to zemi sah\u00e1 a\u017e k n\u011bkter\u00fdm z nejstar\u0161\u00edch migrac\u00ed z Afriky. P\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie p\u0159inesla bohat\u00e9 archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy: kamenn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, skaln\u00ed n\u00e1pisy a stopy osad z doby bronzov\u00e9. Uprost\u0159ed t\u00e9to rozlehl\u00e9, sluncem rozp\u00e1len\u00e9 krajiny vzniklo n\u011bkolik odli\u0161n\u00fdch kultur, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 se p\u0159izp\u016fsobila nedostatku vody a pohybliv\u00fdm p\u00edsk\u016fm. Tito obyvatel\u00e9 pou\u0161t\u011b si vybudovali obchodn\u00ed cesty \u2013 dromed\u00e1ri nalo\u017een\u00ed s kadidlem, myrhou a ko\u0159en\u00edm se propl\u00e9tali poloostrovem \u2013 a polo\u017eili tak z\u00e1klady pro budouc\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00e1 centra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na po\u010d\u00e1tku sedm\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed prorok Mohamed prom\u011bnil region\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed kmenov\u00fdch vazeb a polyteistick\u00fdch svatyn\u00ed v jednotn\u00fd isl\u00e1msk\u00fd st\u00e1t. Z Hid\u017e\u00e1zu se isl\u00e1m \u0161\u00ed\u0159il: b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00ed arabsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily novou v\u00edru p\u0159es severn\u00ed Afriku, do Persie, Indie a na Pyrenejsk\u00fd poloostrov. Dynastie zrozen\u00e9 na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie \u2013 po\u010d\u00ednaje r\u00e1\u0161\u00eddsk\u00fdmi chal\u00edfy (632\u2013661) p\u0159es Umajj\u00e1dy a\u017e po Abb\u00e1sovce \u2013 vl\u00e1dly zlat\u00e9mu v\u011bku vzd\u011blanosti, obchodu a architektury, jejich\u017e odkaz je patrn\u00fd v rukopisech, me\u0161it\u00e1ch a minaretech t\u00e1hnouc\u00edch se od Bagd\u00e1du po C\u00f3rdobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Modern\u00ed st\u00e1t Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie vznikl \u00fasil\u00edm Abd al-Az\u00edze ibn Sa\u00fada. Po dobyt\u00ed Rij\u00e1du v roce 1902 spojil Hid\u017e\u00e1z, Najd, Al-A\u1e25s\u00e1 a Asir do roku 1932 a vyhl\u00e1sil Sa\u00fadskoarabsk\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Od t\u00e9 doby vl\u00e1dne nep\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e1 posloupnost panovn\u00edk\u016f z rodu Sa\u00fad\u016f jako absolutn\u00ed vl\u00e1dci. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1kon zakotvuje isl\u00e1m jako v\u00edru i pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad; arab\u0161tina slou\u017e\u00ed jako \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed jazyk. Po v\u011bt\u0161inu sv\u00e9 soudob\u00e9 historie st\u00e1t podporoval stroh\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed salafismu inspirovan\u00e9ho wahh\u00e1b\u00edsmem, a\u010dkoli v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch do\u0161lo k postupn\u00e9mu uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pravomoc\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 policie a m\u00edrn\u00fdm soci\u00e1ln\u00edm reform\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Objev ropy v roce 1938 prom\u011bnil ekonomiku zalo\u017eenou na sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti v uhlovod\u00edkovou velmoc. Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na druh\u00e9m nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b v z\u00e1sob\u00e1ch ropy a udr\u017euje si vedouc\u00ed postaven\u00ed v r\u00e1mci OPEC. Ropa se pod\u00edl\u00ed na v\u00edce ne\u017e polovin\u011b fisk\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f a dvou t\u0159etin\u00e1ch exportu, financuje ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed infrastrukturn\u00ed projekty, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed programy a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t, kter\u00fd poskytuje bezplatnou zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di a univerzitn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Je klasifikov\u00e1na jako ekonomika s vysok\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy a \u0159ad\u00ed se mezi dvac\u00edtku nejlep\u0161\u00edch na sv\u011bt\u011b podle nomin\u00e1ln\u00edho HDP a mezi deset nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch podle parity kupn\u00ed s\u00edly. St\u00e1t v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 \u010del\u00ed v\u00fdzv\u011b diverzifikace nad r\u00e1mec ropy, podpory r\u016fstu soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru a integrace mlad\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Klimaticky je Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b pou\u0161tn\u00ed. Letn\u00ed maxima v n\u00ed\u017ein\u00e1ch \u010dasto p\u0159esahuj\u00ed 45 \u00b0C a ob\u010das dosahuj\u00ed a\u017e 54 \u00b0C; noci mohou p\u0159in\u00e9st \u00falevu, ale vlhkost pod\u00e9l pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zhor\u0161it nepohodl\u00ed. Zimy jsou m\u00edrn\u00e9 s v\u00fdjimkou severu, kde mr\u00e1z a ob\u010dasn\u00e9 sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed hory Tab\u016bk a \u015eurayf. Ro\u010dn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky z\u0159\u00eddka p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed 100 mm, a\u010dkoli jihoz\u00e1pad \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b poho\u0159\u00ed As\u012br \u2013 p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 monzunovou vlhkost z Indick\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eivuje terasovit\u00e9 farmy a vyso\u010diny porostl\u00e9 jalovcem. V\u00e1d\u00ed se t\u00e1hnou p\u0159es n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161inu a jejich aluvi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u016fdy podporuj\u00ed datlov\u00e9 palmy a mal\u00e9 o\u00e1zy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Biologicky se kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z p\u011bti suchozemsk\u00fdch ekoregion\u016f: od mlhou zahalen\u00fdch b\u0159eh\u016f Rud\u00e9ho mo\u0159e a\u017e po horsk\u00e9 lesy Hid\u017e\u00e1zu a rozlehl\u00e9 duny Pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 \u010dtvrti. Mezi faunu kdysi pat\u0159il p\u0159\u00edmoro\u017eec arabsk\u00fd, gepardi a lvi asijsk\u00ed; dnes n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pouze v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch rezervac\u00edch nebo v zajet\u00ed. Pred\u00e1to\u0159i, jako je levhart a hyena pruhovan\u00e1, p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed v horsk\u00fdch \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u00edch. Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy Rud\u00e9ho mo\u0159e host\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 1200 druh\u016f ryb \u2013 deset procent z nich se nevyskytuje nikde jinde \u2013 zat\u00edmco v jeho modr\u00fdch koridorech hl\u00eddkuj\u00ed \u017eraloci, \u017eelvy a delf\u00edni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Administrativn\u011b je zem\u011b rozd\u011blena do t\u0159in\u00e1cti region\u016f a 118 guvernor\u00e1t\u016f, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd vede guvern\u00e9r nebo starosta. Tradi\u010dn\u00ed \u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 Hid\u017e\u00e1z, Ned\u017ed, V\u00fdchodn\u00ed provincie, Asir a Severn\u00ed hranice \u2013 odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed geografii, kmenovou p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost a historick\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed. Urbanizace od poloviny stolet\u00ed prudce vzrostla: dnes v\u00edce ne\u017e osmdes\u00e1t p\u011bt procent obyvatel \u017eije v metropolitn\u00edch oblastech, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v Rij\u00e1du, D\u017eidd\u011b a Damm\u00e1mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Demograficky \u010d\u00edtala Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie v roce 2022 p\u0159es 32 milion\u016f obyvatel, z nich\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina byla mlad\u0161\u00ed dvaceti p\u011bti let. Imigranti tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dty\u0159icet dva procent pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly, zejm\u00e9na z ji\u017en\u00ed a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie, Afriky a sousedn\u00edch arabsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Mezi ob\u010dany se zhruba devades\u00e1t procent identifikuje jako sunnit\u0161t\u00ed muslimov\u00e9 \u2013 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b stoupenci salafismu \u2013 zat\u00edmco deset procent jsou \u0161\u00edit\u00e9, soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed ve V\u00fdchodn\u00ed provincii. Nemuslim\u0161t\u00ed emigranti praktikuj\u00ed isl\u00e1m otev\u0159en\u011b pouze v soukrom\u00ed; z\u00e1kon zakazuje odpadlictv\u00ed od v\u00edry a proselytismus a konverze z isl\u00e1mu s sebou nese p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 tresty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jazyk spojuje i rozd\u011bluje. Spisovn\u00e1 arab\u0161tina je z\u00e1kladem vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u00e9di\u00ed a vl\u00e1dy, zat\u00edmco v ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i hlavn\u00ed sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 dialektov\u00e9 skupiny \u2013 Najdi, Hid\u017eaz\u00ed, Persk\u00fd z\u00e1liv a Ji\u017en\u00ed Hid\u017eaz. Men\u0161\u00ed jazykov\u00e9 enkl\u00e1vy zahrnuj\u00ed jazyk Mehri a dialekty Faifi na jihoz\u00e1pad\u011b. Mezi cizincemi udr\u017euj\u00ed diasporick\u00e9 komunity beng\u00e1l\u0161tina, tagal\u0161tina, urd\u0161tina a levantsk\u00e1 arab\u0161tina. Znakov\u00fd jazyk spojuje nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed, kter\u00fdch je p\u0159es 100 000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u011bdictv\u00ed je srdcem sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 identity, i kdy\u017e modernizace m\u011bn\u00ed siluety m\u011bsta. Mekka a Medina z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed duchovn\u00edm centrem isl\u00e1mu: ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b se miliony lid\u00ed vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed na pout\u011b had\u017ed\u017e a umra, aby obe\u0161ly Kaabu nebo se pomodlily v Prorokov\u011b me\u0161it\u011b. Rodina Al-Shaibi si ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010de od Kaaby, co\u017e je sv\u011b\u0159enectv\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b trvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161estn\u00e1ct stolet\u00ed. Za Hid\u017e\u00e1zem skaln\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed v Hail a Bir Hima zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 tis\u00edcilet\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 cesty. Sedm pam\u00e1tek sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO \u2013 od p\u00edskovcov\u00fdch hrobek v Mad\u0101'in \u1e62\u0101li\u1e25 a\u017e po pal\u00e1ce z hlin\u011bn\u00fdch cihel v Dir'iyah \u2013 sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o d\u00e1vno zanikl\u00fdch civilizac\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kulturn\u00ed obnova se zrychlila v r\u00e1mci Vize 2030, reformn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu zah\u00e1jen\u00e9ho v roce 2016. Miliardy jsou sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny na ochranu staro\u017eitnost\u00ed, podporu muze\u00ed a sponzorov\u00e1n\u00ed archeologick\u00fdch mis\u00ed. V roce 2024 vykop\u00e1vky v Chajbaru odhalily al-Natah, os\u00eddlen\u00ed z doby bronzov\u00e9 s p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 500 obydl\u00edmi, co\u017e podtrhuje hlubok\u00e9 ko\u0159eny poloostrova v ran\u00e9 civilizaci. St\u00e1t se mezit\u00edm otev\u0159el rekrea\u010dn\u00ed turistice, vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00edza obyvatel\u016fm pades\u00e1ti zem\u00ed a po p\u0159\u00edjezdu vpust\u00ed dr\u017eitele v\u00edz do USA, Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed nebo schengensk\u00e9ho prostoru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Spole\u010densk\u00fd \u017eivot prol\u00edn\u00e1 tradici a pravidla. Mu\u017ei nos\u00ed thawb, b\u00edl\u00fd \u017eupan sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e ke kotn\u00edk\u016fm, p\u0159ep\u00e1san\u00fd k\u00faf\u00edj\u00ed neboli gh\u00fatrou a ag\u00e1lem, kter\u00fd ho stahuje; za chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dn\u016f m\u016f\u017ee ramena zahalovat bi\u0161t z velbloud\u00ed srsti. \u017deny si obl\u00e9kaj\u00ed ab\u00e1ju, \u010dern\u00fd svrchn\u00ed \u017eupan, kter\u00fd sah\u00e1 od krku a\u017e k noh\u00e1m; pokr\u00fdvky hlavy \u2013 hid\u017e\u00e1b nebo nik\u00e1b \u2013 se li\u0161\u00ed tvarem. Kmenov\u00e9 motivy o\u017eivuj\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ivky pod\u00e9l lem\u016f, kovov\u00e9 nit\u011b zachycuj\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kuchyn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed k\u0159i\u017eovatky obchodu a dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed. Kabsa \u2013 r\u00fd\u017ee du\u0161en\u00e1 s jehn\u011b\u010d\u00edm nebo ku\u0159ec\u00edm masem \u2013 a mandi, jej\u00ed vo\u0148av\u00fd p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd, jsou p\u0159\u00edkladem n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kuchyn\u011b. Placky, datle a jogurt doprov\u00e1zej\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 j\u00eddlo; k\u00e1va, siln\u011b uva\u0159en\u00e1 a ko\u0159en\u011bn\u00e1 kardamomem, s sebou nese hlubok\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly pohostinnosti. Sladkosti z medu a o\u0159ech\u016f se objevuj\u00ed na festivalech a setk\u00e1n\u00edch, chu\u0165 vliv\u016f jihoasijsk\u00e9, persk\u00e9 a v\u00fdchodoafrick\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b pronik\u00e1 do m\u00edstn\u00edch zvyklost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Modern\u00ed infrastruktura koexistuje se starobyl\u00fdmi karavann\u00edmi stezkami. D\u00e1lnice prot\u00ednaj\u00ed pou\u0161tn\u00ed rozlohy; t\u0159pytiv\u00e1 leti\u0161t\u011b spojuj\u00ed Rij\u00e1d a D\u017eiddu se sv\u011btov\u00fdmi metropolemi. P\u0159esto v odlehl\u00fdch kon\u010din\u00e1ch bedu\u00edni st\u00e1le sleduj\u00ed velbloudy p\u0159es duny, pasou kozy a t\u011b\u017e\u00ed s\u016fl z nerostn\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u00ed. Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed farmy kvetou v sluncem rozp\u00e1len\u00e9 pr\u00e1zdnot\u011b, co\u017e je sign\u00e1lem snahy ekonomiky p\u0159ekonat ropu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdzvy se objevuj\u00ed stejn\u011b jako p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti. Spol\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed se na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu m\u00e1 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 n\u00e1klady. Nezam\u011bstnanost mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je st\u00e1le nad region\u00e1ln\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011brem, podn\u011bcuje investice do vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a technick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravy. Nedostatek vody vy\u017eaduje rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 projekty odsolov\u00e1n\u00ed a ochrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed. Skupiny pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va usiluj\u00ed o \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ob\u010danskou \u00fa\u010dast a svobodu projevu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie nicm\u00e9n\u011b sm\u011b\u0159uje k nov\u011b definovan\u00e9 roli v jednadvac\u00e1t\u00e9m stolet\u00ed. Jej\u00ed strategick\u00e1 poloha spojuje kontinenty; jej\u00ed ropn\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed je z\u00e1kladem geopolitick\u00e9ho vlivu; jej\u00ed mlad\u00e1 populace nab\u00edz\u00ed dynamiku i nest\u00e1lost. Zat\u00edmco se kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s hled\u00e1n\u00edm rovnov\u00e1hy mezi v\u00edrou a reformami, tradic\u00ed a inovacemi, jeho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh se odv\u00edj\u00ed v nes\u010detn\u00fdch rejst\u0159\u00edc\u00edch: ozv\u011bna svol\u00e1n\u00ed k modlitb\u011b za \u00fasvitu, v\u011btrem tvarovan\u00e9 duny Rub' al-Kh\u0101l\u012b, mramorov\u00e9 sloupy nov\u00fdch muze\u00ed v Rij\u00e1du a nad\u010dasov\u00e9 zbo\u017en\u00e9 pas\u00e1\u017ee had\u017ed\u017e. Ka\u017ed\u00fd prvek p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k portr\u00e9tu, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed ani monolitem, ani kli\u0161\u00e9, ale vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed se synt\u00e9zou historie, kultury a aspirac\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie, form\u00e1ln\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jako Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie (KSA), je rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd n\u00e1rod nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii, v\u010detn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161iny Arabsk\u00e9ho poloostrova, s populac\u00ed asi 32,2 milionu obyvatel. Tento obrovsk\u00fd n\u00e1rod o rozloze p\u0159es 2 150 000 kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch je p\u00e1tou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zem\u00ed v Asii a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed na St\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b. Jeho strategick\u00e1 poloha ho umis\u0165uje na pr\u016fse\u010d\u00edk kontinent\u016f, lemovan\u00fd Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em na z\u00e1pad\u011b, Jord\u00e1nskem, Ir\u00e1kem a Kuvajtem na severu, Persk\u00fdm z\u00e1livem a dal\u0161\u00edmi zem\u011bmi Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu na v\u00fdchod\u011b a Om\u00e1nem a Jemenem na jihu a jihov\u00fdchod\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4533,"parent":24063,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15191","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15191"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15191\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24063"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4533"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}