Jerevan dnes stoj\u00ed jako str\u00e1\u017ece i p\u0159\u00edjemce kontinuity, kter\u00e1 sah\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159i tis\u00edcilet\u00ed zp\u011bt. Od sv\u00e9ho nejran\u011bj\u0161\u00edho zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00ed jako Erebuni, urartsk\u00e9 pevnosti zalo\u017een\u00e9 v roce 782 p\u0159. n. l. kr\u00e1lem Argishtim I., bylo m\u011bsto sv\u011bdkem prom\u011bnliv\u00fdch osud\u016f \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edlivu a odlivu n\u00e1rod\u016f a vytrval\u00e9 v\u016fle sv\u00fdch obyvatel k obnov\u011b a adaptaci. M\u011bsto se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161in\u011b Arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 vyso\u010diny a zab\u00edr\u00e1 z\u00e1padn\u00ed okraj Araratsk\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017einy. Jeho horn\u00ed \u010dtvrti jsou ze t\u0159\u00ed stran obklopeny horami, ne\u017e sestoup\u00ed do strm\u00e9 rokle \u0159eky Hrazdan. Ve sv\u00e9 modern\u00ed podob\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed Jerevan jako administrativn\u00ed srdce Arm\u00e9nie, jej\u00ed kulturn\u00ed centrum a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd motor; p\u0159esto na ka\u017ed\u00e9m kroku z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed do m\u011bstsk\u00e9 struktury vetk\u00e1ny poz\u016fstatky minulosti.<\/p>\n
Citadela Erebuni, ty\u010d\u00edc\u00ed se na skalnat\u00e9m kopci asi osm kilometr\u016f jihov\u00fdchodn\u011b od dne\u0161n\u00edho centra, byla koncipov\u00e1na jako v\u00edce ne\u017e jen vojensk\u00e1 ba\u0161ta. Dobov\u00e9 n\u00e1pisy a archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee Argishti I. si p\u0159edstavoval s\u00eddlo vl\u00e1dy i bohoslu\u017eeb \u2013 m\u00edsto, kde by se prol\u00ednal teokratick\u00fd ritu\u00e1l a kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 ob\u0159ady. Navzdory impozantn\u00edm hradb\u00e1m a ceremoni\u00e1ln\u00edm s\u00edn\u00edm si urartsk\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto dlouho neudr\u017eelo nadvl\u00e1du. S n\u00e1stupem n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch arm\u00e9nsk\u00fdch kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed Erebuni zast\u00ednila nov\u00e1 mocensk\u00e1 s\u00eddla a osada se zmen\u0161ovala, a\u017e st\u0159edov\u011bk t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 vymazal jej\u00ed v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n
Na za\u010d\u00e1tku sedmn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed se Jerevan\u016fv osud propadl na nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148. B\u011bhem Velk\u00e9ho surgunu v letech 1603\u20131605 saf\u00edjov\u0161t\u00ed vl\u00e1dci Persie n\u00e1siln\u011b deportovali statis\u00edce Arm\u00e9n\u016f a m\u011bsto tak z\u016fstalo z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti neobydlen\u00e9. Katastrofick\u00e9 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v roce 1679 pot\u00e9 zni\u010dilo to, co z m\u011bsta zbylo, a jeho skromnou sb\u00edrku obydl\u00ed zredukovalo na sutiny. N\u00e1sledovala rekonstrukce ve zna\u010dn\u011b men\u0161\u00edm rozsahu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e p\u0159estav\u011bn\u00e9 m\u011bsto si p\u0159evzalo n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze sv\u00fdch dne\u0161n\u00edch uli\u010dn\u00edch lini\u00ed z tohoto obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Podeps\u00e1n\u00ed Turkmen\u010dajsk\u00e9 smlouvy v roce 1828 p\u0159ivedlo Jerevan k Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i. Za carsk\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy se Arm\u00e9ni, kte\u0159\u00ed byli rozpt\u00fdleni po Persii a osmansk\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch, za\u010dali vracet zp\u011bt. Nov\u00e1 vlna osadn\u00edk\u016f dala impuls k o\u017eiven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prom\u011bnilo Jerevan z provin\u010dn\u00edho zapad\u00e1kova v region\u00e1ln\u00ed centrum. Kdy\u017e v roce 1918 vznikla Prvn\u00ed Arm\u00e9nsk\u00e1 republika, Jerevan \u2013 tehdy domov tis\u00edc\u016f p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 genocidy \u2013 byl prohl\u00e1\u0161en za hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto st\u00e1tu, \u010dtrn\u00e1ct\u00e9 v arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 historii a sedm\u00e9 na Araratsk\u00e9 pl\u00e1ni.<\/p>\n
Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 \u00e9ra pot\u00e9 zah\u00e1jila obdob\u00ed rychl\u00e9 transformace. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00ed Jerevan narostl v po\u010dtu obyvatel i ambic\u00edch. \u0160irok\u00e9 bulv\u00e1ry a monument\u00e1ln\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 budovy, proveden\u00e9 v zdr\u017eenliv\u00e9m neoklasicistn\u00edm stylu s n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi motivy, nahradily \u0159ady rouben\u00fdch dom\u016f. V dob\u011b, kdy sov\u011btsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da skon\u010dila, Jerevan upevnil svou roli arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho centra.<\/p>\n
Ekonomick\u00e9 ot\u0159esy na po\u010d\u00e1tku 90. let 20. stolet\u00ed spustily exodus. Mezi lety 1989 a 2003 se po\u010det obyvatel m\u011bsta sn\u00ed\u017eil z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,25 milionu na zhruba 1,09 milionu. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u016fstali, \u010delili rozpadaj\u00edc\u00ed se infrastruktu\u0159e a ekonomick\u00e9 stagnaci. P\u0159elom stolet\u00ed v\u0161ak znamenal o\u017eiven\u00ed. Obnoven\u00e9 investice do bydlen\u00ed, dopravy a ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prostor zm\u011bnily panorama m\u011bsta a \u017eivot v ulic\u00edch. Kav\u00e1rny, butiky a p\u011b\u0161\u00ed promen\u00e1dy \u2013 v sov\u011btsk\u00fdch letech vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 \u2013 se rozrostly pod\u00e9l revitalizovan\u00e9ho N\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Republiky, nov\u011b vybudovan\u00e9 Severn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy a zelen\u00e9ho komplexu Kask\u00e1da. Do roku 2011 se po\u010det obyvatel m\u011bsta vr\u00e1til na v\u00edce ne\u017e jeden milion a do roku 2022 dos\u00e1hl p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 086 677 obyvatel.<\/p>\n
UNESCO ozna\u010dilo Jerevan za Sv\u011btov\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto knihy pro rok 2012, uzn\u00e1v\u00e1c jeho hlubok\u00e9 liter\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011bdeck\u00e9 tradice. \u010clenstv\u00ed v Eurocities d\u00e1le zakotvilo arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto v evropsk\u00e9 s\u00edti spolupr\u00e1ce obc\u00ed. Tato rychl\u00e1 obnova m\u011bst v\u0161ak m\u011bla i sv\u00e9 kritiky: demolice historick\u00fdch staveb z rusk\u00e9 \u00e9ry a po\u010d\u00e1tku dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed n\u011bkdy zp\u016fsobila, \u017ee jejich b\u00fdval\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 z\u016fstali bez domova, a debaty o ochran\u011b kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed se nad\u00e1le odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed v r\u00e1mci zased\u00e1n\u00ed o pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed obc\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Nadmo\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka Jerevanu se pohybuje od 865 metr\u016f nad mo\u0159em na b\u0159ez\u00edch \u0159eky Hrazdanu do 1 390 metr\u016f v severov\u00fdchodn\u00edch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch, co\u017e jej \u0159ad\u00ed mezi pades\u00e1t nejv\u00fd\u0161e polo\u017een\u00fdch m\u011bst sv\u011bta s populac\u00ed p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed jeden milion. Ro\u010dn\u00ed rytmus ur\u010duje polosuch\u00e9, kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed stepn\u00ed klima. L\u00e9ta jsou spaluj\u00edc\u00ed, denn\u00ed teplom\u011bry v srpnu ob\u010das p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00ed 40 \u00b0C \u2013 rekord 43,7 \u00b0C z 12. \u010dervence 2018 st\u00e1le pat\u0159\u00ed k nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v arm\u00e9nsk\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch an\u00e1lech. Zimy, i kdy\u017e kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, mohou klesnout na -15 \u00b0C nebo m\u00e9n\u011b a m\u011bstsk\u00e9 parky pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed. Ro\u010dn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky \u010din\u00ed pouh\u00fdch 318 milimetr\u016f, zat\u00edmco jasn\u00e1 obloha poskytuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 700 hodin slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n
Administrativn\u011b se Jerevan li\u0161\u00ed od arm\u00e9nsk\u00fdch provinci\u00ed (marzer\u016f). Zauj\u00edm\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed postaven\u00ed, soused\u00ed s provinci\u00ed Kotayk na severu a v\u00fdchod\u011b, provinci\u00ed Ararat na jihu a jihoz\u00e1pad\u011b, provinci\u00ed Armavir na z\u00e1pad\u011b a provinci\u00ed Aragatsotn na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b. V jeho hranic\u00edch le\u017e\u00ed dvan\u00e1ct okres\u016f, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 jedine\u010dn\u00fd charakter a ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 prostranstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Navzdory sv\u00e9 hustot\u011b os\u00eddlen\u00ed \u2013 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 4 900 bytov\u00fdch dom\u016f, asi 65 000 pouli\u010dn\u00edch lamp a p\u0159es 1 080 kilometr\u016f silnic \u2013 si m\u011bsto zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zelen\u00e9 enkl\u00e1vy. Lyon\u016fv park v okrese Erebuni zab\u00edr\u00e1 nejstar\u0161\u00ed zahradn\u00ed pozemek, zalo\u017een\u00fd a um\u011ble zavla\u017eovan\u00fd vedle pevnosti v 8. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. Anglick\u00fd park pobl\u00ed\u017e centra a Park milenc\u016f pod\u00e9l t\u0159\u00eddy mar\u0161\u00e1la Baghramyana poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed. Jerevanov\u00e1 botanick\u00e1 zahrada, otev\u0159en\u00e1 v roce 1935, a V\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fd park z 50. let 20. stolet\u00ed nab\u00edzej\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou zele\u0148, zat\u00edmco Labut\u00ed jezero v parku opern\u00edho divadla nab\u00edz\u00ed v zim\u011b rekrea\u010dn\u00ed bruslen\u00ed. Kolem ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010dtvrti slou\u017e\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edm obyvatel\u016fm sousedsk\u00e9 zahrady \u2013 park Buenos Aires v Ajapnyaku, park Komitas v \u0160engavitu, park Fridtjofa Nansena v Nor Norku a dal\u0161\u00ed. V roce 1967 m\u011bsto vytvo\u0159ilo um\u011blou n\u00e1dr\u017e na star\u00e9m koryt\u011b \u0159eky Hrazdan; 0,65 kilometru \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch reflexn\u00ed plochy Jerevanova jezera nyn\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed jako \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed rekrea\u010dn\u00edch promen\u00e1d.<\/p>\n
Pevnost Erebuni z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dokladem historie m\u011bsta, jej\u00ed urartsk\u00e1 br\u00e1na a kamenn\u00e9 n\u00e1pisy evokuj\u00ed dobu bronzu a \u017eeleza. Kostel Katoghike, postaven\u00fd v roce 1264, se dochoval jako fragment v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed baziliky, jeho\u017e jednoduch\u00e1 kamenn\u00e1 lo\u010f nab\u00edz\u00ed kontrastn\u00ed skromnost s rozlehl\u00fdmi oblouky N\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Republiky ze sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry. Na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm okraji m\u011bsta kraluje katedr\u00e1la svat\u00e9ho \u0158eho\u0159e Ilumin\u00e1tora, vysv\u011bcen\u00e1 v roce 2001, jako nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed arm\u00e9nsk\u00e1 katedr\u00e1la na sv\u011bt\u011b, jej\u00ed\u017e b\u00edl\u00e1 opukov\u00e1 fas\u00e1da sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o 1700let\u00e9 historii arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9ho k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Nedaleko se nach\u00e1z\u00ed pam\u011btn\u00ed komplex Tsitsernakaberd, kter\u00fd uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 pam\u00e1tku genocidy z roku 1915. Jeho trio \u017eulov\u00fdch desek a v\u011b\u010dn\u00fd plamen stoj\u00ed vedle Muzea arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 genocidy, kde fotografie a sv\u011bdectv\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o ud\u00e1lostech, kter\u00e9 zm\u011bnily podobu n\u00e1roda. Knihovna Matenadaran na Ma\u0161tocov\u011b t\u0159\u00edd\u011b uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 17 000 rukopis\u016f \u2013 iluminac\u00ed a margin\u00e1li\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dokumentuj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9ho, \u0159eck\u00e9ho a bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00edho p\u00edsma. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed galerie a Historick\u00e9 muzeum, kter\u00e9 sd\u00edlej\u00ed budovu na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Republiky, vystavuj\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed i evropsk\u00e1 um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla, kter\u00e1 odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed roli Jerevanu jako k\u0159i\u017eovatky euroasijsk\u00e9 kultury.<\/p>\n
V\u011bdeck\u00e1 zv\u011bdavost nach\u00e1z\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed ve specializovan\u00fdch instituc\u00edch: rezervace Erebuni chr\u00e1n\u00ed polopou\u0161tn\u00ed stepi a endemickou fl\u00f3ru; interaktivn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 muzeum Little Einstein zapojuje d\u011bti do interaktivity; a vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 muzeum a muzea komunikace a medic\u00edny mapuj\u00ed technologick\u00fd pokrok.<\/p>\n
Arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 apo\u0161tolsk\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1valo nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d epochami dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed a exilu. Araratijsk\u00e1 pape\u017esk\u00e1 diec\u00e9ze se s\u00eddlem v katedr\u00e1le Surp Sarkis se \u0159ad\u00ed mezi nejstar\u0161\u00ed diec\u00e9ze na sv\u011bt\u011b. Dnes m\u011bsto \u010d\u00edt\u00e1 sedmn\u00e1ct aktivn\u00edch kostel\u016f a \u010dty\u0159i kaple, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 je centrem ritu\u00e1l\u016f a komunity. Klasick\u00e1 arm\u00e9n\u0161tina, neboli grabar, se v liturgii pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i nad\u00e1le, zat\u00edmco lidov\u00fd jerevansk\u00fd dialekt \u2013 formovan\u00fd p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm od t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed \u2013 nese rusk\u00e9 a persk\u00e9 v\u00fdp\u016fj\u010dky a z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdchodoarm\u00e9nskou variantou.<\/p>\n
Demograficky se Jerevan do devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed posunul od st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny ke sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9mu muslimsk\u00e9mu a arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9mu obyvatelstvu a do konce dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed zp\u011bt k drtiv\u011b arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9mu charakteru. Osmansk\u00e9 vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed, rusk\u00e9 repatriace a tragick\u00e9 migrace z doby genocidy vyvolaly vlny n\u00e1vrat\u016f a p\u0159es\u00eddlov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nesmazateln\u011b zm\u011bnily m\u011bstskou mozaiku.<\/p>\n
Starobyl\u00e9 kamenn\u00e9 kaple \u2013 kaple Matky Bo\u017e\u00ed v Avanu, kostel Tsiranavor \u2013 se ty\u010d\u00ed v severn\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00edch uprost\u0159ed trosek st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdch v\u011b\u017e\u00ed. Pod\u00e9l Hrazdanu \u010derven\u00fd most ze sedmn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed hovo\u0159\u00ed o zk\u00e1ze i rekonstrukci. Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 epochy jsou p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1ny v so\u0161e Matky Arm\u00e9nie vysoko nad Parkem v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed a v sov\u011btsk\u00e9m stylu fas\u00e1d Opery a kina Moskva. Mezi nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pam\u00e1tky pat\u0159\u00ed pomn\u00edk Garegina N\u017edeha (2016) a um\u011blecky prodchnut\u00e9 kask\u00e1dov\u00e9 terasy Centra Cafesjian, kde se p\u011b\u0161\u00ed z\u00f3na o\u017eivuje bezplatn\u00fdmi koncerty a socha\u0159sk\u00fdmi instalacemi.<\/p>\n
Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed leti\u0161t\u011b Zvartnots, dvan\u00e1ct kilometr\u016f z\u00e1padn\u011b od m\u011bsta, odbavuje komer\u010dn\u00ed lety, zat\u00edmco sousedn\u00ed leti\u0161t\u011b Erebuni slou\u017e\u00ed vojensk\u00e9mu a soukrom\u00e9mu letectv\u00ed. Doprava ve m\u011bst\u011b je sm\u011bsic\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00fdch trolejbus\u016f, m\u011bstsk\u00fdch autobus\u016f a soukrom\u011b provozovan\u00fdch mar\u0161rutek. P\u0159esto\u017ee mar\u0161rutky tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu cestuj\u00edc\u00edch, absence jednotn\u00e9ho prodeje j\u00edzdenek a variabiln\u00ed standardy p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pro regula\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1ny v\u00fdzvu. Jerevansk\u00e9 metro, pojmenovan\u00e9 po Karen Demirchyan, slou\u017e\u00ed hlavn\u00edmu m\u011bstu od roku 1981 a denn\u011b p\u0159eprav\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 60 000 cestuj\u00edc\u00edch po sv\u00fdch deseti stanic\u00edch. D\u00e1lkov\u00e9 \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed spojen\u00ed vede p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm do Tbilisi a v r\u00e1mci Arm\u00e9nie; trasy do Turecka a \u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nu z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed uzav\u0159eny.<\/p>\n
Pr\u016fmysl, kdysi zm\u00edtan\u00fd rozpadem Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu, si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 siln\u00e9 str\u00e1nky v chemick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu, metalurgii, stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed, textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed potravin. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 41 procent arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 produkce poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Jerevanu. Cestovn\u00ed ruch nyn\u00ed dopl\u0148uje v\u00fdrobu: luxusn\u00ed hotely \u2013 Marriott, Hyatt, Radisson Blu \u2013 a nov\u00e1 n\u00e1kupn\u00ed centra, jako jsou Dalma Garden Mall, Yerevan Mall a Rossia Mall, se staraj\u00ed o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky. Tan\u010d\u00edc\u00ed font\u00e1ny na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Republiky a panoramatick\u00fd v\u00fdhled na horu Ararat l\u00e1kaj\u00ed ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b tis\u00edce lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V centru m\u011bsta se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Kentron \u2013 soust\u0159edn\u00fd pl\u00e1n architekta Alexandra Tamaniana \u2013 kter\u00fd zahrnuje N\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Republiky a Operu, sjednocen\u00e9 sklen\u011bn\u00fdmi fas\u00e1dami a kav\u00e1rnami na Severn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b. Na severu p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 stalet\u00ed obchodu kryt\u00fd bazar Barekamutyun. Oblast hovorov\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Monument se ty\u010d\u00ed kolem kask\u00e1dov\u00fdch schod\u016f a pam\u00e1tn\u00edku sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. D\u00e1le se ve st\u00ednu p\u0159\u00edm\u011bstsk\u00fdch vlak\u016f nach\u00e1zej\u00ed starobyl\u00e9 ruiny Erebuni, zat\u00edmco \u010dtvr\u0165 p\u0159ezd\u00edvan\u00e1 Banglad\u00e9\u0161 \u2013 tak se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 pro svou vzd\u00e1lenost od centra \u2013 host\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed venkovn\u00ed trh ve m\u011bst\u011b. Nor Nork, posledn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstavba Jerevanu ze sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry, vede cestovatele k chr\u00e1m\u016fm Garni a Geghard.<\/p>\n
Ve m\u011bst\u011b, kter\u00e9 bylo srovn\u00e1no se zem\u00ed a znovu postaveno, op\u011bvov\u00e1no a oplak\u00e1v\u00e1no, dnes Jerevan vyza\u0159uje tichou sebed\u016fv\u011bru. Vyva\u017euje t\u00edhu starov\u011bku s nal\u00e9havou touhou po obnov\u011b. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 jarn\u00ed r\u00e1no se \u010dlov\u011bk m\u016f\u017ee proch\u00e1zet pod nov\u011b vysazen\u00fdmi platany pod\u00e9l kamen\u016f ze sedmn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, zaslechnout hovorov\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze protkan\u00e9 persk\u00fdmi zbytky a zahl\u00e9dnout skrz opar dva vrcholy Araratu. Ti, kdo se proch\u00e1zej\u00ed jeho ulicemi, se setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s vrstvami pam\u011bti: ka\u017ed\u00fd bulv\u00e1r a zahradn\u00ed cesta, ka\u017ed\u00fd kostel a font\u00e1na nese otisk nes\u010detn\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f, mezi nimi\u017e jsou urartov\u0161t\u00ed kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed, ru\u0161t\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i, sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edci a sou\u010dasn\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed nad\u00e1le utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed neust\u00e1le se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh tohoto m\u011bsta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jerevan, hlavn\u00ed a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsto Arm\u00e9nie, le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed pod\u00e9l \u0159eky Hrazdan, m\u00e1 od roku 2022 1 092 800 obyvatel, co\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e 35 % z celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu v zemi. Toto starov\u011bk\u00e9 m\u011bsto pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejstar\u0161\u00ed trvale obydlen\u00e1 m\u011bsta na sv\u011bt\u011b a je d\u016fkazem lidsk\u00e9 vytrvalosti a kulturn\u00ed kontinuity. Strategick\u00e1 poloha Jerevanu na z\u00e1padn\u00edm okraji Araratsk\u00e9 pl\u00e1n\u011b po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed dominovala arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 historii, kultu\u0159e a ekonomice.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3901,"parent":14631,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_theme","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14637","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14637"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14637\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14631"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/travelshelper.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}